• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.9-20
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• 2001

This study was carried out to prove the anti-allergic effect of SPS-GM, which is gained by controlled Cytokines making all the difference to Th2 cell development. The results were obtained as follows : 1. From the SPS-GM treatment about BMC cell, in case of the IL-4, an important factor of the Th2 cell development, SPS-GM didn't show considerable effect. 2. The INF-${\gammer}$, mutual Cytokines of IL-4, was increased more than twice. 3. Histamine from the Master cell and Nitric oxide from indisposition response were a little decreased. According to the above results, it is suggested that SPS-GM has anti-allergic effect.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.189-198
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• 1990

Sixty-six patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx were treated with radiation therapy and retrospectively analyzed to evaluate the treatment result in the Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital between January 1980 and December 1986. There were 42 patients with carcinoma of the tonsil including the fossa and pillar, 9 patients with carcinoma of the base of tongue,12 patients with carcinoma of the soft palate, and 3 patients with carcinoma of the posterior and lateral pharyngeal walls. Considering all oropharyngeal sites of involvement together, response rates for T1, T2, T3, and T4 were 80%, 77%, and 40%, respectively, with a overall response rate of 70%. The response rate for N1, N2, and N3 were 69%, 63%, and 40%, respectively, with the overall regional response rate of 70%. In lower T status, undifferentiated carcinoma and primary tumor arising from the soft palate, higher response rates were obtained. The S year overall and disease-free survival rate were 56%, 55%, respectively. A better prognosis was obtained in early T stage (T1+T2) (p<0.01) and in patients without tumor extension into adjacent structures in carcinomas arising from tonsillar area (p<0.01). Through this study we suggest that, in terms of anatomical and functional preservation, radiation therapy seems to be an effective method for the primary treatment of patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1895-1902
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• 2008

Adipose tissue is an important endocrine organ involved in the control of whole body energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Considering the increased incidence of obesity and obesity-related disorders, including diabetes, it is important to understand thoroughly the process of adipocyte differentiation and its control. Therefore, we performed a differential proteome mapping strategy using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis combined with peptide mass fingerprinting to identify intracellular proteins that are differentially expressed during adipose conversion of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes in response to an adipogenic cocktail. In the current study, we identified 46 differentially expressed proteins, 6 of which have not been addressed previously in 3T3-L1 cell differentiation. Notably, we found that phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS), a regulator of cell proliferation, was preferentially expressed in pre-adipocytes than in fully differentiated adipocytes. In conclusion, our results provide valuable information for further understanding of the adipogenic process.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1071-1079
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• 2019

In this study, we investigated the antioxidant and anti-aging activities of Schisandra chinensis seed fractions by adding them to UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells and analyzing the suppression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). An electron-donating assay, ABTS radical scavenging assay, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of S. chinensis seed (SCEAf) has scavenging activities. A collagenase inhibition activity assay showed that SCEAf had inhibitory effects of over 92.3% at $500{\mu}g/ml$ concentration. An MTT assay was performed to determine the cytotoxicity of SCEAf in HaCaT cells and the results showed that SCEAf increased cellular viability in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, SCEAf was found to increase the viability of cells irradiatged by UVB $50mJ/cm^2$. To examine the anti-aging effects of SCEAf on HaCaT cells irradiated with UVB $50mJ/cm^2$, the expression of MMP-1 and -3 was analyzed by Western blotting and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that MMP-1 and -3 proteins and mRNA levels were downregulated in a concentration-dependent manner in response to SCEAf. These results suggest that SCEAf can prevent aging and alleviate aging symptoms by inhibiting collagenase activity in skin keratinocytes damaged by UVB. Therefore, S. chinensis seeds may have the potential for use as functional ingredients with anti-aging effects in the cosmetic and food industries.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.235-249
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• 2021

Leptin is a type of adipokine mainly produced by adipocytes and reported to be overproduced in prostate cancer. However, it is not known whether it stimulates the proliferation of prostate cells. In this study, we investigated whether benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial cells (BPH-1 cells) infected with Trichomonas vaginalis induced the proliferation of prostate cells via a leptin signaling pathway. To investigate the effect of crosstalk between adipocyte leptin and inflamed epithelial cell in proliferation of prostate cells, adipocytes 3T3-L1 cells were incubated in conditioned medium of BPH-1 cells infected with T. vaginalis (T. vaginalis-conditioned medium, TCM), and then the adipocyte-conditioned medium (ATCM) was identified to cause proliferation of prostate cells. BPH-1 cells incubated with live T. vaginalis released pro-inflammatory cytokines, and conditioned medium of these cells caused migration of adipocytes. When prostate stromal cells and BPH-1 cells were incubated with adipocyte conditioned medium containing leptin, their growth rates increased as did expression of the leptin receptor (known as OBR) and signaling molecules such as JAK2/STAT3, Notch and survivin. Moreover, blocking the OBR reduced this proliferation and the expression of leptin signaling molecules in response to ATCM. In conclusion, our findings show that inflamed BPH-1 cells infected with T. vaginalis induce the proliferation of prostate cells through leptin-OBR signaling. Therefore, it is likely that T. vaginalis contributes to prostate enlargement in BPH via adipocyte leptin released as a result of inflammation of the prostate.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.282-290
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• 2020

Background: Ginseng is a commonly used herbal medicine in treating various medical conditions. Chronic gut inflammation is a recognized factor for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this project, Asian ginseng berry polysaccharide preparations were used to assess their effects on CRC and related immune regulation mechanisms. Methods: Ginseng berry polysaccharide extract (GBPE) and purified ginseng berry polysaccharide portion (GBPP) were used to evaluate their activities on human HCT-116 and HT-29 CRC cell proliferation. Interleukin-8 secretion analysis was performed on HT-29 cells. Naive CD4 cell isolation and T-helper cell differentiation were performed and determined using flow cytometry for Th1 and Treg in addition to cell cycle and apoptotic investigation. Results: GBPE and GBPP significantly inhibited interleukin-8 secretion and cancer cell proliferation, inhibited CD4⁺IFN-γ⁺ cell (Th1) differentiation, and decreased CD4⁺FoxP3⁺ cell (Treg) differentiation. Compared to the GBPE, GBPP showed more potent antiinflammatory activities on the malignant cells. This is consistent with the observation that GBPP can also inhibit Th1-cell differentiation better, suggesting that it has an important role in antiinflammation, whereas Treg cells hinder the body's immune response against malignancies. Supported by cell cycle and apoptosis data, GBPE and GBPP, at various degrees, remarkably enhanced the anticancer activities of 5-fluorouracil. Conclusion: Data from this project suggested that Asian ginseng berry potentially has clinical utility in managing enteric inflammation and suppressing CRC through immunomodulation mechanisms.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2001

A cell-based assay system for monitoring NF-$textsc{k}$B activity was developed to determine the influence of activated NF-$textsc{k}$B in human HaCaT cells. The pNF-$textsc{k}$B-SEAP-NPT plasmid that permits expression of the secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) reported gene in response to the NF-$textsc{k}$B activity and contains neomycin phosphotransferase (NPT) gene for the geneticin resistance in host cells was constructed and transfected into human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. Human HaCaT transfectant cells secreted the SEAP enzyme into the culture medium in a time-dependent manner until 72h. NF-$textsc{k}$B activities were measured in the SEAP reporter gene assay using a fluorescent detection method. The treatment of HaCaT cell transfectants with known antioxidants [e.g., N-acetyl-L-cysteine and vitamin C] showed inhibition of NF-$textsc{k}$B activity in a time-and concentration-dependent manner. The phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) known as a stimulator of NF-$textsc{k}$B expression demonstrated that it increased NF-$textsc{k}$B activity in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. This assay system could be used to determine the quantitative measurement of NF-$textsc{k}$B activity in the human skin and allow the screening of anti-inflammatory agents from various synthetic chemicals and natural products for dermatological purpose. Abbrevitions used: NF-$textsc{k}$B, nuclear factor kappa B; I-$textsc{k}$B, Inhibitory kappa B; SEAP, secreted alkaline phosphatase; NPT, neomycin phosphotransferease; PCR, polymerase chain reaction: dNTP, deoxynucleoside triphosphates; DMEM, dulbecco’s modified eagle medium; FBS, fetal bovine serum; PBs, phosphate-buffered saline; MUP, 4-methylumbellifery phosphate; NAC, N-acetyl-L-cysteine; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; PMA, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.

• 한국전자현미경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.127-129
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• 2005

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide(LPS) is can stimulate the most LPS-responsive cells in the mammalian host. The macrophage response to LPS can protect the host from infection but high levels, contribute to systemic inflammatory response syndrome and destruction of host itself, The previously study, secretory leukocyte pretense inhibitor (SLPI) was known LPS-induced product of macrophage and had the function that antagonizes their LPS-induced activation of pro-inflammation signaling factors. Purpose of this study was to identify the expression of SLPI involving the infection in various cell lines including odontoblast cell line. Therefore, we conducted in vitro researches, which treated the LPS to the MDPC-23, and compared to NIH3T3, RAW264.7. To investigate the expressionof SLPI in mRNA level, the methods was used RT-PCR and western blotting for protein expression of SLPI. Moreover, we performed the scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation for the morphological change. This work was supported by Korea Science and Engineering Foundation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.185-188
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• 2005

We synthesized the two types of photoalignment material of high thermal resistance with hydroxyl aromatic polyimide, and studied the liquid crystal (LC) aligning capabilities on the photopolymer layers. Also, electro-optical (EO) performances for the twisted-nematic (TN)-liquid crystal display (LCD) photoaligned with linearly polarized UV exposure were investigated. A good LC alignment with UV exposure on the two types of photopolymer surface can be obtained. The Voltage-transmittance (V-T) curve in the photoaligned TN cell with UV exposure was different from two type. The response time of photoaligned TN cell was measured about 21 ms in two alkyl chain and about 15ms in four alkyl chain.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.537-542
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• 1998

to more effectively drive immune responses toward antigen-specific T helper type 2 (Th2) cell-mediated responses, we constructed a mammalian expression vetor (oPVA/IL4) carrying a fused gene in which the ovalbumin (OVA) cDNA was covalently linked to murine interleukin-4 (IL-4) cDNA. A biologically active OVA/IL4 DNA, as demonstrated by Wes tern blotting and cytokine bioassay. In tramuscular injection of BALB/c mice with the pOVA/IL4 DNA increased both the production of OVA-specific IL-4 by CD$4^{+}$ T cells and the ratio of anti-OVA lgG1 to anti-OVA lgG2a isotypes, while the injection with the pOVA DNA alone, or with the mixture of the pOVA and pIL4 DNA did no or little increase. furthermore, the OVA-specific, Th2 cell-mediated immune responses were significantly enhanced by multiple injections with the pOVA/IL4 DNA. These studies indicate that the direct linkage of an OVA gene to an IL-4 gene in the expression plasmid confines the effects of IL-4 to the OVA-specific cells, efficiently driving the immune response toward OVA-specific, Th2 cell-mediated responses.