• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.825-829
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• 1997

The spleen and placenta from the aborted fetuses as well as lymphnodes and placenta of the corresponding dams naturally infected with T sergenti were used to localize the parasite antigens by immunohistochemical staining for the possible congenital transmission of theileriosis. Parasite-specific antigens were detected immunohistochemically by incubating the sections with specific monoclonal antibody prepared against 34KD surface antigen of T sergenti and visualized via the avidin biotin complex(ABC) method. Specific T sergenti antigen was detected in the sections of formalin or acetone-fixed fetal spleens and placenta. Similar antigens were also demonstrated in lymphnodes and placentas of the corresponding dams. It is concluded that this technique will eventually play an important role in specialized diagnostic laboratories in the verification/evaluation of congenital infection with T sergenti.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.46-52
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• 2008

Background: Oral tolerance is defined by the inhibition of immune responsiveness to a protein previously exposed via the oral route. Protein antigens exposed via the oral route can be absorbed through the mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract and can make physical contact with immune cells residing in the intestinal lamina propria (LP). However, the mechanisms of oral tolerance and immune regulation in the intestines currently remain to be clearly elucidated. Methods: In order to determine the effect of oral protein antigen intake (ovalbumin, OVA) on the intestinal LP, we assessed the expression profile of the T cell receptor and the co-receptors on the cells from the intestines of the tolerant and immune mouse groups. Results: We determined that the proportion of OVA-specific B cells and ${\gamma}{\delta}$ T cells had decreased, but the CD8${\alpha}{\beta}$ and D8${\alpha}{\alpha}$ T cells were increased in the LP from the tolerant group. The proportion of CD8＋ T cells in the spleen did not evidence any significant differences between treatment groups. Conclusion: These results indicate that CD8＋ T cells in the intestinal LP may perform a regulatory role following antigen challenge via the oral route.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.223-229
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• 1990

A splenectomized 5-month-old calf was inoculated with cryopreserved Theileria sergenti infected blood originated from naturally infected Korean native cattle in Chonbuk district. At peak parasitemia (40.1%), blood was collected, washed, lysed and then the T sergenti merozoite was isolated by differential centrifugation. Antigenic profile of isolated T sergenti organism was analized by SDS-PAGE and western blotting techniques. Coomassie blue stained SDS-PAGE gel revealed at least twelve protein bands of approximately 14Kd, 28Kd, 30Kd, 34Kd, 36Kd, 38Kd, 41Kd, 56Kd, 66Kd, 72Kd, 97Kd and 116Kd in the merozoite homogenate. In western blot, although T sergenti antigen recognized by specific anti-T sergenti antibodies demonstrated 28Kd, 30Kd, 38Kd, 56Kd, 58Kd, 66Kd, 97Kd and 116Kd proteins. False positive reactions were also observed in normal bovine serum with T sergenti and normal erythrocytic antigens. Therefore, predominant proteins of T sergenti merozoite antigen were found to be 28Kd, 30Kd, and 41Kd proteins of molecular weights. On going studies we will analyze the relative importance of those antigens for immunity of T sergenti in Korean native cattle.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.4041-4047
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• 2013

Cancer vaccine development is in the process of becoming reality in future, due to successful phase II/III clinical trials. However, there are still problems due to the specificity of tumor antigens and weakness of tumor associated antigens in eliciting an effective immune response. Computational models to assess the vaccine efficacy have helped to improve and understand what is necessary for personalized treatment. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of activation of antigen specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, decreased TREG number functionality and antigen cascade, so that overall improvement in vaccine efficacy and disease free survival can be attained. T cell epitomic based in sillico approaches might be very effective for the design and development of novel cancer vaccines.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.453-458
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• 2003

The anomaly-detection algorithm based on negative selection of T cells is representative model among self-recognition methods and it has been applied to computer immune systems in recent years. In immune systems, T cells are produced through both positive and negative selection. Positive selection is the process used to determine a MHC receptor that recognizes self-molecules. Negative selection is the process used to determine an antigen receptor that recognizes antigen, or the nonself cell. In this paper, we propose a novel self-recognition algorithm based on the positive selection of T cells. We indicate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by change-detection simulation of some infected data obtained from cell changes and string changes in the self-file. We also compare the self-recognition algorithm based on positive selection with the anomaly-detection algorithm.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.379-381
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• 1992

Phellinus linteus was examined on its immunostimulating activities using an in vitro imunization and plaque forming cell assay. When lymphocytes were exposed to the extract of Phellinus linteus, the number of antibody forming cell was increased. In in vitro plaque forming cell assay, the immunostimulating effect was about 4.8 and 5.0 times of unimmunized control in polyconal and T-independent antibody response, respectively. Especially, Phellinus linteus significantly increased the antigenicity of TNP-LPS used as T-independent antigen. But Phellinus linteus did now show a mitogenic effect on B-lymphcytes. These results suggest that immunostimulating activity of Phillinus lintues might be associated with a functional stimulation of B-lympohocyte involved in humoral immune response.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.55-59
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• 1969

For the establishment of simpler and more reliable methods for the diagnosis of Brucellosis, diagnostic antigen for Milk Ring Test (M.R.T.) was prepared according to working document recommended by Ministry of Agriculture U.S.A., and applied in the field for the test of its's applicability. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Of fifty two dairy cattle ranches in the vicinity of Seoul, five ranges were shown positive reaction to M.R.T. 2. Even though one volume of positive milk was mixed with five to ten volumes of negative milk, the positive reactions were also observed. 3. Antigenicity of the antigen was maintained without deteriolation for 13 months at $5^{\circ}C$ and three months at both $22^{\circ}C$ and $37^{\circ}C$. 4. Three positive cows to M.R.T. were also shown suspective reaction by Serum Agglutination Test.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.399-402
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• 2024

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.895-913
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• 2000

It is becoming increasingly clear that human gingival fibroblasts(HGF) may play a role in regulating immune responsiveness in inflammatory periodontal lesions. Stimulation of HGF with locally-secreted T cell cytokine $IFN_{\gamma}$ induces human leukocyte antigen class II(HLA II) expression on HGF, which is one of the characteristic feature of professional antigen presenting cells(pAPC). However, $IFN_{\gamma}$-treated HGF and other nonprofessional antigen presenting cells(npAPC) are known to be ineffective or less effective antigen presenter to resting T cells. This study, therefore, was undertaken in an effort to elucidate the differences in expression of cell surface molecules between npAPC in periodontal tissues, such as HGF and periodontal ligament fibroblasts(PDLF), and pAPC such as monocytes/macrophages. Using flow cytometry, the levels of cell surface expression of HLA-D, ICAM-1, LFA-3, and B7-1, which are involved in antigen presentation, were determined in HGF, PDLF and human myelomonocytic cell line THP-1. $IFN_{\gamma}$ clearly induced HLA-D expression on both of fibroblasts and monocytes dose dependently. However, expression level on monocytes were 4 to 5 times higher than that on fibroblasts, and induction rate was faster in monocytes than in fibroblasts. The levels of ICAM-1 expression on fibroblasts and monocytes were enhanced by $IFN_{\gamma}$ in a dose dependent manner. On the other hand, the expression of LFA-3 molecule, which could be detected in fibroblasts and monocytes without cytokine stimulation, was no more enhanced by addition of $IFN_{\gamma}$. B7-1, important costimulatory molecule in T cell activation and proliferation, was not detected on both of fibroblasts and monocytes even when stimulated with $IFN_{\gamma}$, except on monocytes fully differentiated by pretreatment of PMA and treated by $IFN_{\gamma}$. These results suggest that delayed expression of HLA-D and absence of B7-1 on $IFN_{\gamma}$ - treated fibroblasts may at least in part be involved in the ineffectiveness of fibroblasts as primary APC. And it is postulated that although periodontal fibroblasts may not serve as primary APC in normal periodontium, sustained expression of HLA II on ubiquitous fibroblasts in inflammatory lesions may perpetuate immune responses and produce chronic inflammation and tissue injury.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.171-174
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• 2010

The anti-tumorigenic effects of Toxoplasma gondii (RH) antigens were studied in a murine sarcoma-180 tumor model. To determine the anti-tumor effects, the reduction in tumor size and expression of CD31 (an angiogenesis marker in the tumor tissue) were examined after injection of BALB/c mice with T. gondii lysate antigen (TLA) or formalin-fixed, proliferation-inhibited, T. gondii tachyzoites. Tumors were successfully produced by an intradermal injection of sarcoma-180 cells with plain Matrigel in the mid-backs of mice. After injection with TLA or formalin-fixed T. gondii tachyzoites, the increase in tumor size and weight nearly stopped while tumor growth continued in control mice that were injected with PBS. CD31 expression in TLA-treated or formalin-fixed T. gondii-injected mice was lower than the control mice. Accordingly, the present study shows that the treatment of mice with formalin-fixed T. gondii or TLA in the murine sarcoma-180 tumor model results in a decrease of both tumor size and CD31 expression.