• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.659-664
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• 1992

Twelve day old Pabna zebu calves of similar weights were assigned at random to 3 different calf starter-rations namely $T_0$, $T_1$ and $T_2$ to determine the effect of feeding regimes and growth pattern of calves upto 3 months of age. Calves allowed to intake starter 0.5 percent of body weight from 2nd week on to 7th weeks of age, while starter at 1 percent of body weight was allowed later on upto 13th weeks of age. Calves started to intake green grass after 2nd to 3rd weeks and average intake per day was limited to 1 kg upto the end of experiment, while calves started to take rice straw ad libitum after 6th weeks of age. Colostrum feeding was offered ad libitum and in addition calves suckled their dam's milk shortly before and after milking usually in the morning and evening. Growth of calves in different treatment groups was found statistically insignificant. The mean growth rate per head per day ranged from 196.43-375.0 g for $T_0$ group, 185.72-360.72 g for $T_1$ group and 180.1-385.72 g for $T_2$ group respectively between 1st to 7th weeks of age while the growth rate ranged from 309.53-328.57 g for $T_0$, 304.29-342.86 g for $T_1$ and 304.77-333.30 g for $T_2$ groups respectively from 9th weeks on to the end of the experiment.

• BMB Reports
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 1996

The effect of albumin on phosphatidylcholine (PC) metabolism in Hep-G2, 3T3-H.ras, and 3T3 cells pre-labelled with [Me-$^3H$]choline was studied. The [$^3H$]choline was more efficiently taken up and incorporated into cellular phospholipids in 3T3-H.ras cells than in Hep-G2 and 3T3 cells. In each of the three cell lines, most of the [$^3H$]choline metabolized into the phospholipids was incorporated into PC and only minor was incorporated into lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). Bovine serum albumin stimulated the release of [$^3H$]LPC and [$^3H$]PC from each of the three cell lines pre-labelled with [$^3H$]choline. [$^3H$]PC was also released in the absence of albumin but [$^3H$]LPC was not. The efficiency of LPC secretion represented as the proportion of medium [$^3H$]LPC to cellular [$^3H$]choline lipid during a chase period is approximately 9 to 14 times greater in 3T3 cells compared with the transformed 3T3-H.ras and Hep-G2 cells. A similar comparison of published data for rat hepatocytes with Hep-G2 shows secretion to be 35~75 times greater from the rat hepatocytes than from Hep-G2. Also, PC secretion from 3T3 cells was 1.6 times more effective than from 3T3-H.ras, whereas rat hepatocytes secrete PC 2.8~3.8 times more effectively than does Hep-G2. The measurement of specific radioactivity of cellular PC in pre-labelled 3T3 cells showed it to be similar to that of the secreted PC. However, the specific radioactivity of secreted LPC was markedly lower than that of the cellular PC, which suggests that LPC is being secreted from a PC pool distinct from that used for PC secretion.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1986

This sudy was conductted for the purpose of determining the optimal amounts of soy tauce, soy bean paste and hot pepper paste, in 3 different Korean soups and comparing the effect of condiments such as salt, soy sauce, black pepper, and Mono Sodium Glutamate, on the taste of two basic Korean Stocks, The results estimated by Palatability Test were as follows: 1. The average NaCl contents of two kinds of commercial soysauce were 15.9%, 25.6%, respectively. 2. The NaCl contents of 2% sardine stock, and 19% beef stock were 0.16~1.17%, 0.17~0.18% respectively. 3. @ According to Saltiness in sardine stock, there was no difference between the soy sauce-added group and the salt-added group. However, for the removing effect of Off-flavor, and Overall Taste, the soy sauce-group had higher score than salt-added group respectively. (p>.0.1) ⓑ In beef stock, there was no difference between the soysauce-added group and the salt-added group in Saltiness test. The soy sauce-added group had higher score in removing effect of Off-flavor (p>.0.1). On other hand, in Overall Taste, the salt- added group was more effective than the soy sauce-added (p>.0.1). 4 @ According to Saltiness test in beef stock, there was no difference between the black pepper-added and non-added group. However, for the removing effect of Off-flavor and, Overall Taste, the added group had higher score than the non-added group, respectively. (p>.10, p>.0.5) ⓑ Also, according to Saltiness test in beef stock, there was no diffetrence between the MSG-added group and non-added group. However for the removing effect of Off-flavor, and Overall taste, the MSG-added group was more effective than the non-added group. (p>.01) 5. The best recipes of soybean sprouts soup for S persons, in this experiment, were soybean sprouts 180 g, sardine 28 g, soysauce 1/2 T.S., salt 7 g, green onion 15 g, choppedgarlic It. s., against 7 C of water, and total cooking time was 20 minutes. 6. The best recipes of clear-beef soup were beef 200 g, radish 200 g, tangle weed 10 g, sesame oil 1/2 t.s., green onion 15 g, chopped garlic 1 t.s., black Pepper 1/8 1.s., and soy sauce 1 T.S., salt 7 g or soy sauce 2 T S., salt 3.5 g. The total cooking time was minutes. 7, The best recipes of soybean pasted Chinese cabbage soup were Chinese cabbage 300 g, sardine 28 g, green onion 15 g, chopped garlic 1 t.s., and bean paste 50 g, hot pepper paste 13 g, salt 3g or bean paste 65 g, hot pepper paste 16 g, salt 1.5 g. And the total cooking time was 25 minutes. 8. Soy sauce, black pepper, M.S.G., bean paste and hot pepper paste were effective on removing Off-flavor of experimental soups.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.83-94
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• 2003

Let K be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space H. Approximation solvability of a system of nonlinear variational inequality (SNVI) problems, based on the convergence of projection methods, is given as follows: find elements $x^*,\;y^*{\in}H$ such that $g(x^*),\;g(y^*){\in}K$ and $$<\;{\rho}T(y^*)+g(x^*)-g(y^*),\;g(x)-g(x^*)\;{\geq}\;0\;{\forall}\;g(x){\in}K\;and\;for\;{\rho}>0$$ $$<\;{\eta}T(x^*)+g(y^*)-g(x^*),\;g(x)-g(y^*)\;{\geq}\;0\;{\forall}g(x){\in}K\;and\;for\;{\eta}>0,$$ where T: $H\;{\rightarrow}\;H$ is a relaxed $g-{\gamma}-r-cocoercive$ and $g-{\mu}-Lipschitz$ continuous nonlinear mapping on H and g: $H{\rightarrow}\;H$ is any mapping on H. In recent years general variational inequalities and their algorithmic have assumed a central role in the theory of variational methods. This two-step system for nonlinear variational inequalities offers a great promise and more new challenges to the existing theory of general variational inequalities in terms of applications to problems arising from other closely related fields, such as complementarity problems, control and optimizations, and mathematical programming.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.609-615
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• 2013

This paper represents the development of the HD-Voice application with G.711.1 coder-the latest wideband codec standard from ITU-T-for smartphone based on android platform. The work also includes the structure of the HD-voice application and the result of speech quality of HD-Voice application with G.711.1 coder. The paper shows that the speech quality of HD-Voice application with G.711.1 coder is excellent.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.61-73
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• 2019

In 2019, 5G mobile communication technology will be commercialized. From the viewpoint of technological innovation, 5G service can be applied to other industries or developed further. Therefore, it is important to measure the demand of the Internet of things (IoT) because it is predicted to be commercialized widely in the 5G era and its demand hugely effects on the economic value of 5G industry. In this paper, we applied Bayesian method on regression model to find out the demand of 5G IoT service, wearable service in particular. As a result, we confirmed that the Bayesian regression model is closer to the actual value than the existing regression model. These findings can be utilized for predicting future demand of new industries.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.135-143
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate feeding effects of the high pressure boiled extract(HPBE) of the Ogol chicken on weight gain and serum lipid composition of rat. Rats(S.D,♂) were fed with normal feed(T$_1$), normal feed ＋ herb HPBE(T$_2$), normal feed ＋ Ogol chicken HPBE(T$_3$), normal feed ＋ mixture of cross­bred Ogol chicken HPBE hydrolyzed with Flavourzyme 0.1% for 35 days. During experimental period, the effects of the treatments on growth performance, plasma triglyceride(TG) and cholesterol were determined. The effects of feeding HPBE on growth performance and serum triglyceride levels in rat. After a 6 day treatment, body weights were 39.96g, 44.56g, 43.34g, and 45.99g for T$_1$, T$_2$, T$_3$ and T$_4$ groups respectively. The growth rates of T$_2$ and T$_4$ groups were significantly(P<0.05) higher than T$_1$ group, but the differences were not observed after 18 days of feeding period. Triglyceride contents were 62.89${\pm}$6.24mg/dl, 55.70${\pm}$6.76mg/dl, 43.60${\pm}$4.68mg/dl and 45.00${\pm}$3.75mg/dl for T$_1$, T$_2$, T$_3$ and T$_4$ groups respectively, where T$_1$ group was significantly (P<0.05) higher than T$_3$ and T$_4$ groups. In serum total cholesterol contents, there was no significant difference among the groups. GOT(glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) and GPT(glutamic pyruvic transaminase) also showed similar levels among the treatments.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.95-104
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• 2018

The structures and energies of the anhydrate and hydrate (hydrate rate: h of 1) states of L-alanine (LA) and glycine (G) were calculated by quantum chemical calculations (QCCs) using B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) for four types of conformers (${\beta}$-extended: ${\Phi}/{\Psi}=t-/t+$, $PP_{II}$: g-/t+, $PP_{II}$-like: g-/g+, and ${\alpha}$-helix: g-/g-). In LA and G, which have an imino proton (NH), three conformation types of ${\beta}$-extended, $PP_{II}$-like, and ${\alpha}$-helix were obtained, and water molecules were inserted mainly between the intra-molecular hydrogen bond of $CO{\cdots}HN$ in $PP_{II}$-like and ${\alpha}$-helix, and attached to the CO group in ${\beta}$-extended. In LA and G, $PP_{II}$-like conformers were most stable in the anhydrate and hydrate states, and the result for LA was different from some experimental and theoretical results from other studies reporting that the main stable conformation of alanine oligopeptide was $PP_{II}$. The formation pattern and stability of the conformation of the oligopeptide was strongly dominated by the presence/absence of intra-molecular hydrogen bonding of $CO{\cdots}HN$, or the presence/absence of an $NH_2$ group in the starting amino acid.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2011

Age and growth of the short-necked, Ruditapes philippinarum were collected from Goheung coast in Korea. Relative growth equations among SL, SH, SW and TW of Ruditapes philippinarum were ranged from 0.8059 to 0.8859. The ring radius were estimated from a von Bertalanffy method with the values of $SL_{1.58}=12.51{\pm}2.55\;mm$, $SL_{2.58}=20.27{\pm}3.08\;mm$, $SL_{3.58}=26.90{\pm}2.49\;mm$, $SL_{4.58}=31.35{\pm}3.62\;mm$, $SL_{5.58}=35.45{\pm}3.54\;mm$, $SL_{6.58}=38.78{\pm}4.04\;mm$. Back calculated total weight at the formation of annual ring on the shell of Ruditapes philippinarum with the values $TW_{1.58}$=0.35 g, $TW_{2.58}$ = 4.62 g, $TW_{3.58}$ = 5.84 g, $TW_{4.58}$ = 6.71 g, $TW_{5.58}$ = 7.50 g, $TW_{6.58}$ = 8.14 g. Growth curves for shell height and total weight fitted to the von Bertalanffy equation were expressed as: $SL_t= 51.01(1-e^{-0.1738(t+1.07)})$ $TW_t = 11.65(1-e^{-0.1738(t+1.07)})^{2.9519}$.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.514-523
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• 2019

We investigated the gene expression patterns and the mechanisms of action of the apoptotic response by microarray analysis of human keratinocyte HaCaT cells treated with ginsenoside Rb1, a saponin of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Genes related to apoptosis, the G2/M transition of the mitotic cell cycle, cell division, mitotic nuclear division, and intracellular protein transport were 2-fold up-regulated in HaCaT cells treated with the ginsenoside Rb1, whereas genes related to DNA repair, regeneration fission, and extracellular matrix organization were 2-fold down-regulated. Apoptosis signaling may be mediated by FAS and PLA2G4A, and pathway analysis indicated that STAT3 might be an upstream regulator of these genes. The activity of FAS and PLA2G4A was verified by qPCR, which showed that FAS was increased about 2-fold in HaCaT cells treated with $10{\mu}g/ml$ of ginsenoside Rb1 for 24 hr, PLA2G4A was increased about twice after 6 hours, and gene expression was increased more than 2-fold after 24 hr. Knockdown of STAT3 with siRNA decreased FAS expression and increased PLA2G4A expression but only FAS was passed from the upstream regulator STAT3. These results indicate that STAT3, which is an upstream regulator, induces apoptosis via FAS during treatment with ginsenoside Rb1.