• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.493-498
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• 2001

Lung involvement in systemic sclerosis(SSC) is common but usually occurs late in the course. Skin changes usually occur before the pulmonary findings. In this report, a patient who developed pulmonary interstitial fibrosis without skin changes is presented. A diagnosis of SSC lung involvement was made histologically. The a nti-scl-70 antibody test was positive. Esophageal manometry revealed a lower amplitude in the lower two-third of the esophagus and pressure in the lower esophageal sphincter. Here we report a case of systemic sclerosis sine scleroderma presenting as pulmonary interstitial fibrosis with a review of the relevant literatures.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.786-791
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• 1996

Systemic sclerosis is a multisystemic disease of unknown origin charicterized by degenerative fibrotic and inflammatory changes in the skin, vessels, joints, muscles, and visceral organs. Involvement of the lung in systemic sclerosis is common, but pleural effusion is rare. Although vasculitis commonly accompanies many connective tissue disorders, it has been rarely reported in systemic sclerosis. A 43-year-old woman, with a 10-year history of Raynaud's phenomenon, was admitted due to right chest pain. Her hands showed diffuse thickening and swelling of skin. Chest X-ray showed pleural effusions and esophageal manometry showed hypotonic peristalsis and low lower esophageal sphincter tone compatible with scleroderma esophagus. Antinuclear antibodies were present (titer>1 : 160) with a speckled pattern. She was positive for rheumatoid factor, anti scl-70 and RNP antibodies, but negative for anti-Ro, La, and Sm antibodies. Histology of the pleura revealed the presence of leukocytoclastic vasculiti. After adminisrration of prednisolone 30 mg/day, her chest symptom was improved. We report a case of systemic sclerosis with pleural effusions due to leukocytoclastic vasculitis with review of the literatures.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.10
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• pp.1298-1301
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• 2002

Systemic capillary leak syndrome(SCLS) is a rare disorder of unknown etiology, which is characterized by recurrent attacks of hypotension, hemoconcentration, and hypoalbuminemia. Urinary or enteric loss of protein is not demonstrated. It is often associated with monoclonal gammopathy, but does not manifest multiple myeloma. Since Clarkson et al. described the first case in a 34-year-old woman, about 50 cases have been reported in the literature. However, most of the cases were of adult age, and the mean age of onset in the reported cases was 42.6 years. In literature review, we could refer only one pediatric case of SCLC by Foeldvari et al. in 1995. We report another pediatric case of SCLS.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.77-85
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• 2009

Objectives : The lower sea points of the six bowels is one of the most useful acupuncture prescription in the treatment for diseases related with six organs. There have been many studies on the effects of each acupoint, but it is difficult to find a systemic review about the whole of it. The purpose of this study is to review the lower sea points of the six bowels and investigate the background of the induction of that. Materials and Methods : 1. The authors performed systemic review about the lower sea points of the six bowels using related-literatures such as Neijing and Nanjing. 2. We investigated the background of the induction and the necessity through the meaning of the character Hop (合). We thought the clinical usefulness of that. Results and Conclusions : The lower sea points of the six bowels had been made for the supplement of the sea point of the five transport points and it might be possible to substitute the sea point of the five transport points with the lower sea points of the six bowels owing to the clinical usefulness of the lower sea points of the six bowels.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.3-23
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• 2022

Countries differ in their treatment expertise and research results regarding gastric cancer; hence, treatment guidelines are diverse based on evidence and medical situations. A comprehensive and comparative review of each country's guidelines is imperative to understand the similarities and differences among countries. We reviewed and compared five gastric cancer treatment guidelines in terms of endoscopic, surgical, perioperative, and palliative systemic treatment based on evidence levels and recommendation grades, as well as the postoperative follow-up strategies for each guideline. The Korean, Chinese, and European guidelines provided evidence and grading of the recommendations. The United States guidelines suggested categories for evidence and consensus. The Japanese guidelines suggested evidence and recommendations only for systemic treatment. The Korean and Japanese guidelines described endoscopic treatment, surgery, and lymphadenectomy in detail. The Chinese, United States, and European guidelines more intensively considered perioperative chemotherapy. In particular, the indications for chemotherapy and the regimens recommended by each guideline differed slightly. Considering their medical situations, each guideline had some diversity in terms of adopting evidence, which resulted in heterogeneous recommendations. This review will help medical personnel to comprehensively understand the diversity in gastric cancer treatment guidelines for each country in terms of evidence and recommendations.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.82-88
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• 2020

Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify individual and institutional factors associated with the prescription of systemic steroids in patients with acute respiratory infections and to investigate the role of a policy measure aimed to reduce inappropriate prescriptions. Methods: We used data from the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort from 2006 to 2015 and focused on episodes of acute respiratory infection. Descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to identify individual-level and institution-level factors associated with the prescription of systemic steroids. In addition, steroid prescription rates were compared with antibiotic prescription rates to assess their serial trends in relation to Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) Prescription Appropriateness Evaluation policy. Results: Among a total of 9 460 552 episodes of respiratory infection, the steroid prescription rate was 6.8%. Defined daily doses/1000 persons/d of steroid increased gradually until 2009, but rose sharply since 2010. The steroid prescription rate was higher among ear, nose and throat specialties (13.0%) than other specialties, and in hospitals (8.0%) than in tertiary hospitals (3.0%) and other types of institutions. Following a prolonged reduction in the steroid prescription rate, this rate increased since the HIRA Prescription Appropriateness Evaluation dropped steroids from its list of evaluation items in 2009. Such a trend reversal was not observed for the prescription rate of antibiotics, which continue to be on the HIRA Prescription Appropriateness Evaluation list. Conclusions: Specialty and type of institution are important correlates of steroid prescriptions in cases of acute respiratory infection. Steroid prescriptions can also be influenced by policy measures, such as the HIRA Prescription Appropriateness Evaluation policy.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.207-218
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• 2013

Long term outcomes after liver transplantation are major determinants of quality of life and of the value of this heroic treatment. As short term outcomes are excellent, our community is turning to take a harder look at long term outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to review these outcomes, and highlight proposed treatments, as well as pressing topics needing to be studied. A systemic review of the English literature was carried in PubMed, covering all papers addressing long term outcomes in pediatric liver transplant from 2000-2013. Late outcomes after pediatric liver transplant affect the liver graft in the form of chronic liver dysfunction. The causes include rejection particularly humoral rejection, but also de novo autoimmune hepatitis, and recurrent disease. The metabolic syndrome is a major factor in long term cardiovascular complication risk. Secondary infections, kidney dysfunction and malignancy remain a reality of those patients. There is growing evidence of late cognitive and executive function delays affecting daily life productivity as well as likely adherence. Finally, despite a good health status, quality of life measures are comparable to those of children with chronic diseases. Long term outcomes are the new frontier in pediatric liver transplantation. Much is needed to improve graft survival, but also to avoid systemic morbidities from long term immunosuppression. Quality of life is a new inclusive measure that will require interventions and innovative approaches respectful not only on the patients but also of their social circle.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.43-55
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• 2016

Objectives The aim of this systemic review was to summarize medical records of Korean medicine based psychotherapy and investigate its therapeutic mechanism.Methods We searched articles on Korean neuropsychiatry in Korean databases. Subsequently, we selected and analyzed medical records on Korean medicine based-psychotherapy that met inclusion criteria.Results Fifty-five medical records were included. They were classified into the following 5 categories. Five minds mutual restriction therapy in 19 medical records; counseling and persuading therapy in 12 medical records; moving essence and changing Qi therapy in 10 medical records; Kyungjapyungji psychotherapy in 2 medical records; and suggestion psychotherapy in 11 medical records.Conclusions The results indicated that emotion is mainly used for cure. Buddhism affects Korean medicine based psychotherapy. Korean medicine based psychotherapy corresponds to western psychotherapy such as short-term dynamic psychotherapy (STDP), supportive psychotherapy, cognitive therapy, behavior therapy, and guided imagery.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2013

Objectives Iridology is a field of study that diagnoses various systemic diseases through analysis of colors, structural characteristics and changes in iris. The purpose of this study was to review previously published study results of the iridology. Methods The studies were searched with the keyword "iridology" through search engines such as SCOPUS, Pub med, RISS, and NDSL. Total of 36 iridology-related studies published from 1980 to 2012 were analyzed. Results Most diagnoses of systemic disease through iris markings were insignificant. The studies on relevance of gene polymorphism and iris constitution were highly significant. The studies on relevance of Sasang constitution and iris constitution varied in results depending on diagnosis methods. The studies on relevance of iris constitution and diseases had significant results. The structural characteristics of iris were related to certain personality. Conclusions The studies on utility of iris diagnosis and diagnostic markings were negative, but the relevance of constitution, heredity, and iris diagnosis was positive. A persistent in-depth study on relevance of iris and constitution is needed in the future.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.254-264
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• 2015

Background: Pain medicine often requires medico-legal involvement, even though diagnosis and treatments have improved considerably. Multiple guidelines for pain physicians contain many recommendations regarding interventional treatment. Unfortunately, no definite treatment guidelines exist because there is no complete consensus among individual guidelines. Pain intervention procedures are widely practiced and highly associated with adverse events and complications. However, a comprehensive, systemic review of medical-dispute cases (MDCs) in Korea has not yet been reported. The purpose of this article is to analyze the frequency and type of medical dispute activity undertaken by pain specialists in Korea. Methods: Data on medical disputes cases were collected through the Korea Medical Association mutual aid and through a private medical malpractice liability insurance company. Data regarding the frequency and type of MDCs, along with brief case descriptions, were obtained. Results: Pain in the lumbar region made up a major proportion of MDCs and compensation costs. Infection, nerve injury, and diagnosis related cases were the most major contents of MDCs. Only a small proportion of cases involved patient death or unconsciousness, but compensation costs were the highest. Conclusions: More systemic guidelines and recommendations on interventional pain management are needed, especially those focused on medico-legal cases. Complications arising from pain management procedures and treatments may be avoided by physicians who have the required knowledge and expertise regarding anatomy and pain intervention procedures and know how to recognize procedural aberrations as soon as they occur.