• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.960-966
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• 2022

Objectives: Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract marked by chronic abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. Irritable bowel syndrome is experienced by 11% of the global population. Although antidepressants and antispasmodic agents are currently used as therapeutic methods, they have side effects, so safer treatment agents are needed. Hence, I report the case of an outpatient who suffers from irritable bowel syndrome. Methods: The patient visited a public health center 14 times over four weeks and was treated with acupuncture and herbal medicine (Sosiho-tang and Jakyakgamcho-tang). Treatment progress was assessed using the Irritable Bowel Syndrome Severity Scoring System. Results: After 28 days of treatment, the Irritable Bowel Syndrome Severity Scoring System score decreased from 410 to 30 points without adverse events. The patient was highly satisfied. Conclusion: Sosiho-tang and Jakyakgamcho-tang with acupuncture might become recommended therapeutic options for irritable bowel syndrome patients.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

Background : Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder under immunological influence. Gamichunggumgangwha-tang (CG, Jiaweiqingjinjianghuo-tang) and Gamiyukmigiwhang-tang (YM, Jiaweiliuweidihuang-tang) are herbal tonics for asthma from traditional herbal medicine. Objective : To evaluate the effect of CG and YM on immune cell & serum OA-specific IgE in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in a rat asthma model. Materials and Methods : Rats were sensitized with OA; at day I sensitized group and CG and YM groups were systemically immunized by subcutaneous injection of 1mg OA and 300mg of Al(OH)3 in a total volume of 2ml. At the same time, 1 ml of 0.9% saline containing $6{\times}10^9$ B. pertussis bacilli was injected by Lp. 14 days after the systemic immunization, rats received local immunization by inhaling 0.9% saline aerosol containing 2% (wt/vol) OA. A day after local immunization, BALF was collected from the rats. Rats were orally administered with each of CG and YM extract for 14 days since the day after local immunization. Lymphocyte, CD4＋ T cell and CD8＋ T cell counts, CD4＋/CD8＋ ratio in BALF, change of serum OA-specific IgE level, CD4＋ T cell and CD8＋ T cell percentages in the peripheral blood were measured and evaluated. Results : CG and YM showed an alleviating effect on asthmatic responses of rats. CG decreased total cell, lymphocyte, CD4＋ T cells in BALF, and serum OA-specific IgE level as compared with the control group. YM decreased lymphocytes as compared with the control group. CD4＋/CD8＋ ratio in BALF from the CG and YM groups and serum OA-specific IgE level from the YM group didn't show any significant variation from the control group. Conclusion : CG alleviated asthmatic hyperreactivity of the immune system through CD4＋ T cells and serum IgE. Further the study of this immune system modulating mechanism is expected.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.198-210
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• 2002

Background : Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder under immunological influence. Shinbi-tang and Gamishinbi-tang are herbal decoctions used for treating asthma in traditional herbal medicine. Objective : To evaluate the effects of Shinbi-tang and Gamishinbi-tang on immune cell & serum OA-specific IgE in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in rat asthma model. Material and Methods : Rats were sensitized with ovalbumin (OA); at day 1 sensitized group and Shinbi-tang and Gamishinbi-tang groups were systemically immunized by subcutaneous injection of 1mg OA and 300mg of Al(OH)$_3$ in a total volume of 2ml. At the same time, 1 ml of 0.9% saline containing 6 x 10$^{9}$ B. pertussis bacilli was injected by i.p. 14 days after the systemic immunization, rats received local immunization by inhaling 0.9% saline aerosol containing 2%(wt/vol) OA. A day after local immunization, HAL fluid was collected from the rats. Rats were orally administered with each of Shinbi-tang and Gamishinbi-tang extract for 14 days from the day after local immunization. Lymphocyte, CD4+ T cell CD8+ T cell counts, CD4+/CD8+ ratio in BALF, change of serum OA-specific IgE level, CD4+ T cell CD8+ T cell percentages in the peripheral blood were measured and evaluated. Results : Shinbi-tang and Gamishinbi-tang showed an alleviating effect on asthmatic responses of rats. Shinbi-tang decreased total cell, lymphocyte, CD4+ T cell in BALF, serum OA-specific IgE level as compared with the control group. Gamishinbi-tang decreased total cell, lymphocyte, CD4+ T cell, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in HALF as compared with the control group. CD4+/CD8+ ratio in HALF from Shinbi-tang group and serum OA-specific IgE level from Gamishinbi-tang group didn't show any significant variation from control group. CD8+ T cell in HALF, CD3+CD4+ T cell and CD3+CD8+ T cell percentages in peripheral blood showed no significant variation among groups. Conclusion : Shinbi-tang and Gamishinbi-tang alleviated asthmatic hypen-eactivity of the rat immune system through CD4+ T cell and serum IgE. Further the study of immune system modulating mechanism is expected.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.684-689
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• 2005

In order to evaluate the in vitro synergic effect of Mahwangyounpae-tang which was a traditional poly-herbal formula has been used in the treatment of respiratory diseases in oriental medicine, and quinolone antibiotics, ciprofloxacin (CPFX), the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), $MIC_{50}$ and MIC90 of single use of quinolones and concomitant treatment with Mahwangyounpae-tang against 5 strains of aerobic gram negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella peumoniae, Hemophilus influenzae, Citrobacter freundii and Pseudomonas aeruginosae. The obtained results were as follows : In the case of aerobic gram negative bacteria, the MIC, $MIC_{50}$ and $MIC_{90}$ against Klebsiella peumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosae was significantly decreased in concomitant treated groups with Mahwangyounpae-tang compared to those of single treated groups of CPFX, respectively. However, no significant changes were demonstrated against Echerichia coli, Hemophilus influenzae and Citrobacter freundii. According to these results, it is considered as the in vitro antibacterial activity of CPFX was dramatically increased by concomitant use of Mahwangyounpae-tang against some strains of aerobic gram negative bacteria and the increase and selectivity of antibacterial activities against strains were chosen by the selectivity of Mahwangyounpae-tang not CPFX activity.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.28-45
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• 2004

Objectives : The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of Injinchunggan-tang on $TNF-{\alpha}$ signal transmission system. Materials and Methods : We analyzed the following with quantitative RT-PCR method; the effect of Injinchunggan-tang on secretion of $TNF-\alpha$ mRNA/protein and stability, the effect on gene revelation that consists of signal transmission system (TRAIL, NIK, A20, TRADD, RAIDD, RIP TNFR-I, TNFR-II, TRAF1, TRAF2, FADD), the one on activation of p38, Erk1/2 MAPK and the rate of nuclear $NF-{\kappa}B/cytosolic\;NF-{\kappa}B$ in HepG2 cell. We also analyzed the inhibitory effect of Injinchunggan-tang on the apoptosis of HepG2 cell that $TNF-{\alpha}$ induces and the $NF-{\kappa}B$ restraint effected by transfection of $I{\kappa}B{\Delta}N$ through tryphan blue exclusion assay. Results : Injinchunggan-tang prohibits revelation of $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA in HepG2 cell and the creation of protein. However, it has no effect on the stability of $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA. While it did not have any effect on the generation of TRAIL, NIK, A20, TRADD, RAIDD and RIP genes, Injinchunggan-tang reduces the revelation of TNFR-I, TNFR-II, TRAF1, TRAF2 and FADD genes. It has been confirmed that Injinchunggan-tang restraints the revelation of $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA that is promoted by ethanol, acetaldehyde, lipopolysaccharide, in proportion to the treatment density and time. It activated $NF-{\kappa}B$ of HepG2 cell and promoted activation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ that is occurred by $TNF-{\alpha}$. It has been observed that the restraint effect against the $TNF-{\alpha}$ inducing apoptosis is lost when it is intercepted the function of $NF-{\kappa}B$ in HepG2 cell. Conclusion: It has been confirmed that Injinchunggan-tang has restraining effect against the revelation of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and mRNA that is constituent element of TNF-a signal transmission system. It also has been revealed that it restraints the activation of p38, Erk1/2 by $TNF-{\alpha}$. Through this prohibiting effect, it is inferred that it restraints signal transmission among various cells that are related to inflammation reaction. Meanwhile, Injinchunggan-tang protects liver cell from apoptosis that is caused by $TNF-{\alpha}$, by maintaining the activating function for $NF-{\kappa}B$.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.363-380
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• 2018

Objectives : We analyzed the principle of compatibility of socheongnyong-tang and expanded the range of application in clinical practice. Methods : Socheongnyong-tang was analyzed by the compatibility principle through the system of chief, deputy, assistant, and envoy, but the basic formulas of "Discussion of Cold Damage" and "Synopsis of the Golden Chamber" was used. Results : Socheongnyong-tang treats exterior wind-cold and interior water accumulation. Exterior wind-cold is treated mainly by exterior-releasing herbs constituting mahwang-tang and gyeji-tang in "Discussion of Cold Damage", and interior water accumulation is treated mainly by retained fluid-resolving herbs constituting yeonggamomigangsinha-tang, yeonggamomigagangsinbanhahaengin-tang and yeonggamomigagangsinbanhaengdaehwang-tang in "Synopsis of the Golden Chamber". Depending on the weight of exterior wind-cold and interior water accumulation, the disease condition is classified as a case where exterior wind-cold is heavier than interior water accumulation, a case where exterior wind-cold is lighter than interior water accumulation, and a case where it is equivalent. When exterior wind-cold is heavier than interior water accumulation, chief herbs are Ephedrae Herba and Cinnamomi Ramulus of exterior-releasing herbs series and deputy herbs are Zingiberis Rhizoma and Asari Radix et Rhizoma of retained fluid-resolving herbs series. When exterior wind-cold is equal to the disease condition of interior water accumulation, chief herbs are Ephedrae Herba of exterior-releasing herbs series and Zingiberis Rhizoma of retained fluid-resolving herbs series, and deputy herbs are Cinnamomi Ramulus of the exterior-releasing herbs series and Asari Radix et Rhizoma of retained fluid-resolving herbs series. When exterior wind-cold is lighter than interior water accumulation, chief herbs are Zingiberis Rhizoma and Asari Radix et Rhizoma of retained fluid-resolving herbs series and deputy herbs are Ephedrae Herba and Cinnamomi Ramulus of exterior-releasing herbs series. In any case, assistant herbs are Pinelliae Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix alba, and Schisandrae Fructus, and envoy herb is Glycyrrhizae Radix preparata. Conclusions : In conclusion, socheongnyong-tang must differently formulate the system of chief, deputy, assistant, and envoy according to the grade of exterior wind-cold and interior water accumulation. These results suggest that socheongnyong-tang can be applied flexibly when applied in clinical practice to enhance the therapeutic effect.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.175-193
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• 2016

Objective : Diuretics are effective on the patients with hypertension and heart failure, as well as edema by regulating the function of kidney, which is key organ to maintain the balance of the different electrolytes in the body. The present review article is designed to review the diuretic effect of Korean medicinal prescription base on the experimental studies.Method : For this purpose, every article related to ‘diuresis’ and 'Korean medicinal prescription' were analysed from articles which published at domestic and international journals.Results : 1. Representative Korean medicine prescriptions showed diuretic effect along with electrolyte excretion were Oryeong-san, Paeryung-tang, Hwangryungbokryung-tang and Daeganghwal-tang. 2. Some Korean medicinal prescription including Oryeong-san, Jueryeong-tang, Sipcho-tang distribute diuresis through the inhibition of renin-angiotensin-system. 3. Oryeong-san, Bojungchiseup-tang had a diuretic effect on the down-regulation of aquaporin water channel in the renal collecting duct.Conclusion : Korean medicinal transcriptions have a diuretic effect through several types of mechanism such as along with electrolytes excretion, inhibition of renin-angiotensin system, and down-regulation of water channels.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.165-178
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• 2021

Objective: This study aimed to report the improvement of a patient with chronic insomnia who was treated with Baekho-tang based on the Shanghanlun disease pattern identification diagnostic system (DPIDS). Methods: The patient's symptoms were checked on days 19, 37, and 52 after taking Baekho-tang. Chronic insomnia was evaluated by the degree of insomnia, hours spent asleep, and the number of times the patient woke up during the night, which were all assessed by a visual analog scale (VAS) with the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire. In addition, new clinical implications for the interpretation of the 350th Shanghanlun provision were reviewed. Results: After administering Baekho-tang for 52 days, based on the 350th Shanghanlun provision according to the DPIDS, the VAS score decreased from 10 to 1. Conclusions: The patient recovered from chronic insomnia. This case report suggests that the words "滑," "厥," and "裏" in the 350th provision of Shanghanlun mean physical and psychological causes of insomnia. In addition, Baekho-tang had a therapeutic effect in improving the chief complaint of the patient. Therefore, the interpretation of the 350th Shanghanlun provision requires a new definition that includes the patient's lifestyle, family conflict, and past history of the patient as a cause of chronic insomnia.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.77-86
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this report was to provide the information activity and safety of Yijin-tang by analyzing domestic/international papers and theses about Yijin-tang. Methods : Domestic/international papers and theses related to Yijin-tang were reviewed and analyzed. These papers were then classified by year, experimental method and subject. Results : 1. Administration of Yijin-tang showed therapeutic effects on diseases of the circulatory system such as thrombosis and hyperlipisemia in in vivo experiments. 2. Administration of Yijin-tang reduced hemorrhagic erosion and ulcer by inhibition of gastric juice secretion and protection effect of gastric mucosa in in vivo experiments. 3. Both clinical and basic science researches, Administration of Yijin-tang showed improvement of digestive function by up-regulated of digestive enzyme and gut-regulated protein in plasma levels. Conclusions : Administration of Yijin-tang showed therapeutic effects on diseases of the circulatory system and protection effect of gastric mucosa in in vivo experiments. Furthermore, both clinical and basic science researches, administration of Yijin-tang showed improvement of digestive function.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.91-100
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• 1996

Radiotherapy is an irreplaceable method of cancer treatment but, it has various side effects, especially damage to the hemopoietic system. A lot of radioprotectors have been found but they also have toxic effects. Many kinds of crude drugs(Oriental Chinese medicine)with low toxicity have been reported to promote the recovery from radiation damage. Recently, the trial to combine radiotherapy with herbal treatment of cancer patients shows a desirable result, an enhancement in recovery of the blood system.. This study was performed to determine whether prescriptions to support the healthy energy and strengthen the body resistence, Buzhongyiqi-tang and Siliu-tang, promote the recovery of splenocytes of N:GP(s) mice from radiation damage. We investigated the proliferative effect of Buzhongyiqi-tang, Siliu-tang and EIB(ethanol insoluble fraction of Buzhongyiqi-tang) on N:GP(S)mice splenocytes before or after ${\gamma}$-irradiation. We also investigated the morphology of splenocytes cultured with these herbs. Buzhongyiqi-tang and Siliu-tang promoted the proliferation of splenocytes in a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml compared with normal control(p<0.001). After 1-5Gy of ${\gamma}$-irradiation they also showed the effect of recovery of hemopoietic cells, especially in Buzhongyiqi-tang(4Gy:p<0.005; 5Gy:p<0.05). In addition, EIB(ethanol insoluble fraction of Buzhongyiqi-tang) showed the highest proliferative effect of all agents suggesting that more effective fractions could be found from crude herbs or prescriptions. These results suggest that it is possible to make use of Buzhongyiqi-tang, Siliu-tang or EIB as radio-protective agents.