• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.95-99
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• 2003

오늘날 무선통신 기술은 기존 유선 통신방식과 더불어 매우 주꽉받고 있는 정보통신 혁명음 주도하였다 무선 통신에서 자제 피코넷흘 형성하여 음성이나 데이타 통신을 수행하는 블루투스 기술은 이제 액세스망올 통해 공중망과 접속 가능하게 되었다 본 논문에서는 블루투스 디바이스와 UART 케이블로 접속된 PC 환경에서 블푸투스 프로토콜을 분석하는 블루투스 프로토콜 분석장비 개발을 소개하였다 이의 개발 환경으로는 윈도우 98 OS와 MS 비주얼 C를 사용하였다 비주얼 C로 작성된 응용 프로그램은 블루투스 디바이스에 성장된 펌웨어와 인터페이스를 수행하여 개발되었다. 또한 개발된 시스템으로 실제 음성 시험을 위하여 시그널링 용으로 헤드셋을 사용하고, 파일 전달용으로 PC를 사용한 블루투스 시스템간 프로토콜 정보를 시뮬레이션 하였다 시뮬레이션은 하드웨어인 디바이스와 소프트웨어가 설장된 PC 간의 UART 통신의 속도는 다양하게 변회가능하나 약 2 20kbps 이하의 속도를 제외하고는 성능에 영향은 거의 주지 않았으므로 한계치인 115kbps로 시험하였다 성능해석은 블루투스 시스템간 파일 전달시 치리량을, 헤드셋과의 통신은 호 섣정 시간과 해제시간용 성능 분석 파라메터로 제시하였다 이때 파일 전달은 개발된 소프트웨어에서 파연 액세스 하는 주기적인 시간이 매우 큰 의미가 있었다 액세스하는 파일의 패킷 크기는 가변이나 통상 많이 사용하는 128 바이트로 고정 하고 시험 한 결과, 주기적인 파일 액세스 시간이 0.04초일 때 약 Uk bps 처리량용 유지하든 블레이크 포인트 시간이었다 헤드셋과의 통신시 호 시간과 해제시간은 약 16.6ms가 소요된다 따라서 이와 같은 결과는 실제 블루투스 시스템이 저속의 파일전달이나 음성 정보전달을 위한 시그널링 용의 장비 개발 시 충분한 성능 검증용으로 활용될 수 있다

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2009

Super-hydrophobic surface, with a water contact angle greater than $150^{\circ}$, has a self cleaning effect termed 'lotus effect'. We introduced super-hydrophobicity onto aramid/rayon mixture fabric with dual-scale structure by assembling silica nano-sol. Mixture fabric was treated with silica nano-sol, fluoric polymer using various parameters such as particle size, concentration. Silica nano-sol size were measured using particle size analyzer. Morphological changes by particle size were observed using field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM), contact angle measurement equipment. The contact angle of water was about $134.0^{\circ}$, $137.0^{\circ}$, $143.0^{\circ}$, $139.5^{\circ}$ and $139.0^{\circ}$ for mixture fabric coated with 100.2nm, 313.7nm, 558.2nm, 628.5nm and 965.4nm silica nano-sol, compared with about $120.0^{\circ}$ for mixture fabric coated with fluoric polymer. When we mixed particle sizes of 100.2nm and 558.2nm by 7:3 volume ratio, the contact angle of water was about $146.2^{\circ}$. And we mixed particle sizes of 313.7nm and 558.2nm by 7:3 volume ratio, the contact angle of water was about $141.8^{\circ}$. Also we mixed particle sizes of 558.2nm and 965.4nm by 7:3 volume ratio, the best super-hydrophobicity was obtained. In this paper, we fabricated the water-repellent surfaces with various surface structures by using four types of silica nano-sol, and we found that the dual-scale structure was very important for the super-hydrophobicity.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.120-131
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• 2005

Statement of problem. More than 70% of patients who need the implant supported restoration are parially edentulous. The principles of design for implant supported fixed partial denture in mandibular posterior region are many and varied. Jurisdiction for their use is usually based on clinical evaluation. There are several areas or interest regarding the design of implant supported fixed partial denture in mandibular posterior region. 1) Straight and tripod configuration in implant placement, 2) Two restoration types such as individualized and splinted restorations. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to compare the amount and distribution of stress around the implant fixtures placed in the mandibular posterior region with two different arrangements and to evaluate the effects of splinting using the photoelastic stress analysis. Material & methods. 1) Production of study model: Mandibular partially edentulous model was waxed-up and duplicated with silicone and two models were poured in stone. 2) Fixture installation and photoelastic model construction: Using surveyor(Ney, USh), 3 fixtures(two 4.0 $\times$13 mm, one 5.0$\times$10 mm, Lifecore, USA) were insta)led in straight & tripod configurations. Silicone molds were made and poured in photoelastic resin (PL-2. Measurements group, USA). 3) Prostheses construction: Four 3-unit bridges (Type III gold alloy, Dongmyung co., Korea) were produced with nonhexed and hexed UCLA abutments and fitted with conventional methods. The abutments were tightened with 30 Ncm torque and the static loads were applied at 12 points of the occlusal surface. 4) Photoelastic stress analysis : The polarizer analyzer system with digital camera(S-2 Pro, Fujifilm, Japan) was used to take the photoelastic fringes and analysed using computer analysis program. Results. Solitary hexed UCLA restoration developed different stress patterns between two implant arrangement configurations, but there were no stress transfer to adjacent implants from the loaded implant in both configurations. However splinted restorations showed lesser amount of stresses in the loaded implants and showed stress transfer to adjacent implants in both configurations. Solitary hexed UCLA restoration with tripod configuration developed higher stresses in anterior and middle implants under loading than implants with straight configurations. Splintied 3 unit fixed partial dentures with tripod configuration showed higher stress development in posterior implant under loading but there were no obvious differences between two configurations. Conclusions. The tripod configuration of implant arrangement didn't show any advantages over the straight configuration. Splinting of 3 unit bridges with nonhexed UCLA abutments showed less stress development around the fixtures. Solitary hexed UCLA restoration developed tilting of implant fixture under offset loads.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2011

The gametogenic cycle and the spawning season in female and male Cyclina sinensis were investigated by quantitative statistical analysis using an image analyzer system, and the biological minimum size (the size at 50% of sexual maturity) was calculated by combination of quantitative data by size and von Bertalanffy's equation. Compared the gametogenic cycle by quantitative statistical analysis with the previous qualitative results in female and male C. sinensis, monthly changes in female and male gametogenic cycles calculated by quantitative statistical analysis showed similar patterns to the gonadal stages in female and male reproductive cycles by qualitative histological analysis. Comparisons of monthly changes in the portions (%) of each area to eight kinds of areas by quantitative statistical analysis in the gonads in female and male C. sinensis are as follows. Monthly changes in the portions (%) of the ovary areas to total tissue areas in females and also monthly changes in the portions of the testis areas to total tissue areas in males increased in March and reached the maximum in May, and then showed a rapid decrease from June to October. Monthly changes in the portions (%) of oocyte areas to ovarian tissue areas in females and also monthly changes in the portions of the areas of the spermatogenic stages to testis areas in males began to increase in March and reached the maximum in June in females and males, and then rapidly dropped from July to October in females and males when spawnig occurred. From these data, it is apparent that the number of spawning seasons in female and male C. sinensis occurred once per year, from July to October. Monthly changes in the number of the oocytes per mm2 and in the mean diameter of the oocyte in captured image which were calculated for each female slide showed a maximum in May and reached the minimum from December to February. Therefore, C. sinensis in both sexes showed a unimodal gametogenic cycle during the year. The percentage of sexual maturity of female and male clams ranging from 25.1 to 30.0 mm in length was over 50% and 100% for clams over 40.1 mm length. In this study, the biological minimum size (sexually mature shell lengths at 50% of sexual maturity) in females and males were 26.85 and 26.28 mm, respectively.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to compare effects of denture cleansers and disinfectants on the color. surface hardness, and surface roughness of reinforced acrylic resin using polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane molecules(POSS resin) to those of common resins. According to manufacturer's instructions, 45 specimens were made from three denture resins(Luciton 199, Paladent 20, POSS resin), and polished. Five denture cleansers(distilled water, glutaraldehyde, alkaline hypochlorites, chlorhexidine, alkaline peroxides) in combination with three denture resins were evaluated before and after immersion for 7 days. Color data in $L^*a^*b^*$ system were measured with a colorimeter. Surface hardness data were measured with a microhardness tester. Surface roughness data were measured with a 3-dimensional surface analyzer. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, and t-test. The results were as follows : 1. All resins(Luciton 199, Paladent 20, POSS resin) showed significant differences in color after immersion in hypochlorites(p<0.05). 2. POSS resin showed significant differences in color compared with Paladent 20 in all denture cleansers, but no statistically significant differences with Luciton 199(p<0.05). 3. Luciton 199 showed significant differences of surface hardness in chlorhexidine, Paladent 20 showed significant differences in glutaraldehyde and chlorhexidine. POSS resin showed a little change of surface in all denture cleanser, but no statistically significant differences(p<0.05). 4. Luciton 199 and Paladent 20 showed significant differences of surface roughness in hypochlorites and glutaraldehyde, and POSS resin showed no statistically significant differences in all denture cleansers(p<0.05).

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.616-621
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• 2017

시판 우리밀 강력분 밀가루의 품질 특성을 국내 대표적인 제빵용 수입밀 강력분 밀가루와 비교하였다. 우리밀 시판 강력분 제품은 수입밀 밀가루 제품과 비교해 수분 함량, 단백질 함량, 명도 및 색도가 낮게 나타났다. 용매보유능(SRC), gluten performance index(GPI), 수분흡수지수에서 시판 수입밀 강력분 밀가루가 높게 나타났으며, 수분용해지수는 우리밀 강력분 밀가루에서 높게 나타났다. 수입밀 강력분의 경우 전분 손상도와 관련된 SCSRC가 83.5%로 우리밀 강력분의 67.3~74.1%보다 높았으나, 글루텐 형성을 나타내는 LASRC가 낮게 나타났다. 최근 중요하게 인지되고 있는 GPI는 수입밀의 경우 0.65로 나타났으며, 우리밀은 0.5대의 수치를 보여 우리밀의 품질이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 수분흡수지수에서는 수입밀이 더 많은 수분을 흡수하였으며, 그와 반대로 수분용해지수에서는 수입밀이 더 적은 양의 수용성 고형분이 용출되었다. Rapid visco analyzer를 통한 점도특성에서 전분의 노화 지표인 setback 수치가 수입밀과 우리밀 D3 시료에서 낮게 나타났다. 우리밀 시료 사이의 호화특성에서 유의적인 차이가 나타나, 같은 강력분 밀가루 내에서 점도 특성의 차이가 있었다. 밀가루 전분의 상변이 특성에서는 시판 강력분 수입밀 밀가루의 경우 상변화에 필요한 에너지가 6.2 J/g으로 우리밀의 6.67~7.13 J/g보다 낮았다. 밀가루 반죽 특성 분석 결과 수입밀의 경우 수분흡수율이 높았고, 반죽의 안정도 시간이 길게 나타났다. 우리밀 반죽의 저항도 및 신장성은 수입밀보다 낮았다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.442-448
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• 2012

폐 플라스틱을 이용한 연료유 생산 공정을 위한 폴리프로필렌(PP) 수지에 대한 열분해 반응 실험을 하였다. 질소 분위기에서 상온에서 $650^{\circ}C$ 까지의 비등온 조건에서의 열분석기와 $420^{\circ}C$ 등온에서의 Pyrolyser GC-mass 분석기, $420^{\circ}C$의 배치형 반응기에서 무촉매반응과 천연제올라이트, 폐 FCC 촉매, ZSM-5 등의 제올라이트 계 촉매를 사용한 열분해 실험이 행하여졌다. TGA 실험에서 PP 수지의 열분해반응은 $330^{\circ}C$ 부근에서 시작되어, $497^{\circ}C$에서 완결되었다. 촉매반응에서 제올라이트 계열 촉매는 폐 FCC 촉매> 천연제올라이트> ZSM-5> PP의 순으로 열분해 반응속도를 높이는데 유효하였다. 열분해가 완료되는 온도도 폐 FCC 촉매 첨가 시 가장 낮게 나타났다. PY-G.C. mass 실험에서 PP 수지 만의 경우에서보다 촉매가 첨가됨에 따라 탄소 수가 낮은 생성물이 생성되는 것을 알 수 있었다. ZSM-5 촉매나 폐 FCC 촉매 첨가 시 특히 낮은 탄소 수의 생성물이 많이 생성되었다. 회분식 반응기에서 초기 오일생성율은 폐 FCC 촉매 첨가시 가장 높지만, 최종 오일전환율은 천연제올라이트 첨가 시가 폐 FCC 촉매 첨가 시보다 2% 정도 높았다. 탄소분석에서도 폐 FCC 촉매 첨가가 경유 성분이 주성분으로 요구되는 연료유 제조에 우수 하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권9호
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• pp.1340-1349
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• 2012

Increasing the oxidation of fat through exercise is the recommendable method for weight control. Preceding researches have proposed increase in the usage of fat during exercise in stabilized state and under maximum exertion through aerobic training. However, such researches require additional equipment for gas analysis in order to measure the caloric value or gas exchange of subjects during exercise. Such equipments become highly restrictive for those exercise and cause substantially higher cost. According to this, we have presented the method of estimating the maximal fat oxidation point through changes in LF & HF which reflects changes in heart rate and the autonomic nervous system in order to induce exercise for a less restrictive and efficient fat oxidation than existing methods. We have conducted exercise stress test on subject with similar exercise abilities, and have detected the changes in heart rate and changes in LF & HF by measuring changes in fat oxidation and measuring ECG signals at the same time through a gas analyzer. Changes in heart rate and HRV of the subjects during exercising was detected through only the electrocardiographic signals from exercising and detected the point of maximum fat oxidation that differs from person to person. The experiment was carried out 16 healthy males, and used Modified Bruce Protocol, which is one of the methods of exercise stress test methods that use treadmill. The fat oxidation amount during exercise of all the subjects showed fat oxidation of more than 4Fkcal/min in the exercise intensity from about 5 minutes to 10 minutes. The correlation between the maximal fat oxidation point obtained through gas analysis and the point when 60% starts to be relevant in the range from -0.01 to 0.01 seconds for values of R-R interval from changes in heart rate had correlation coefficients of 0.855 in Kendall's method and in Spearman's rho, it showed significant results of it being p<0.01 with 0.950, respectively. Furthermore, in the changes in LF & HF, we have determined the point where the normalized area value starts to become the same as the maximal fat oxidation point, and the correlation here showed 0.620 in Kendall and 0.780 in Spearma of which both showed significant results as p<0.01.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권2B호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 복잡하고 비선형적인 특성을 가진 웹 클러스터링 시스템의 모델링을 위해 퍼지-뉴럴 네트워크 구조를 응용하여 효율적인 최적의 부하분산 알고리즘 모델을 제안한다. 기본적으로 리눅스 환경의 웹 클러스터 시스템을 바탕으로 하였으며 이는 부하를 실제 서버(리얼서버)로 분배해주는 로드밸런서와 그 하단에 실제 부하를 처리하는 여러 대의 리얼서버로 구성된다. 기존의 부하분산 방법에서는 각각의 리얼서버들에 대한 접속수 등 단편적인 판단정보를 기준으로 부하분산을 결정하였다. 즉, 리얼서버의 네트워크 처리량 중 입력에 관련된 정보만으로 부하분산을 결정하였으므로 실제 시스템 성능 향상에 적당하지 않다. 이에 대한 대안으로 리얼서버의 시스템 상태 정보로 네트워크 부하량의 입 출력 두 가지 측면 모두를 기준으로 판단한다. 즉, 로드밸런서가 리얼서버에게 요청을 전달할 때의 리얼서버 상태(접속수) 및 그 요청에 대해 클라이언트에게 응답을 보낼 때의 리얼서버 상태 등을 종합적으로 고려한다. 또한 그에 따른 시스템의 CPU 상태로만 한정하여 부하분산을 결정하지 않고 각 리얼서버의 CPU 및 메모리 상태를 모두 고려하여 보다 효과적인 부하분산 스케줄링 방법을 제안한다. 본 연구에서 제안된 방법이 기존의 방법과 비교하여 좀 더 향상된 최적화 모델을 구축하며 보다 나은 지능형 로드밸런서 모델을 생성함을 시뮬레이션을 통하여 비교 분석하였다.

• 약학회지
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.8-17
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• 2013

The objective of this study is investigation of contamination levels and transfer rate of heavy metals and assessment of health risk effects in animal medicines. A total of sixteen items with 148 samples were obtained for this investigation from major herbal medicine producing areas and herbal markets from 2011 to 2012. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer method was conducted for the quantitative analysis of Pb, Cd and As. In addition, the mercury analyzer system was conducted for that of Hg without sample digestion. The average contents of heavy metals in animal medicines were as follows : 1.55 mg/kg for Pb, 0.28 mg/kg for Cd, 0.70 mg/kg for As and 0.047 mg/kg for Hg respectively. The average contents of heavy metals in decoctions were as follows : 0.03 mg/kg for Pb, 0.01 mg/kg for Cd, 0.17 mg/kg for As and 0.003 mg/kg for Hg respectively. The average transfer rates of heavy metals from animal medicines to decoctions were 1.9% for Pb, 3.6% for Cd, 24.2% for As and 6.0% for Hg respectively. Cancer risks of animal medicines and decoctions through slope factor by ministry of environment republic korea and environmental protection agency was $1.36{\times}10^{-6}$ and $2.50{\times}10^{-8}$ for Pb and $7.46{\times}10^{-5}$ and $1.98{\times}10^{-5}$ for As (assuming that the total arsenic content was equal to the inorganic arsenic) respectively. The hazard index of heavy metals in animal medicines and decoctions was below recommended hazard index as 0.52 and 0.05 respectively. Taken together, cancer risks about Pb and hazard indexes of animal medicines and decoctions indicate that the majority of samples except for some samples with relative high contents of heavy metals were safe. But cancer risks about As of animal medicines indicate that the majority of samples were not relatively safe.