Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/KIEE.2012.61.9.1340

Preceding Research for Estimating the Maximal Fat Oxidation Point through Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability  

Sim, Myeong-Heon (연세대학교 의공학과 대학원)
Kim, Min-Yong (연세대학교 의공학과 대학원)
Yoon, Chan-Sol (연세대학교 의공학과 대학원)
Chung, Joo-Hong (연세대학교 의공학과 대학원)
Noh, Yeon-Sik (연세대학교 의공학과 대학원)
Park, Sung-Bin (연세대학교 의공학과)
Yoon, Hyung-Ro (연세대학교 의공학과)
Publication Information
The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers / v.61, no.9, 2012 , pp. 1340-1349 More about this Journal
Abstract
Increasing the oxidation of fat through exercise is the recommendable method for weight control. Preceding researches have proposed increase in the usage of fat during exercise in stabilized state and under maximum exertion through aerobic training. However, such researches require additional equipment for gas analysis in order to measure the caloric value or gas exchange of subjects during exercise. Such equipments become highly restrictive for those exercise and cause substantially higher cost. According to this, we have presented the method of estimating the maximal fat oxidation point through changes in LF & HF which reflects changes in heart rate and the autonomic nervous system in order to induce exercise for a less restrictive and efficient fat oxidation than existing methods. We have conducted exercise stress test on subject with similar exercise abilities, and have detected the changes in heart rate and changes in LF & HF by measuring changes in fat oxidation and measuring ECG signals at the same time through a gas analyzer. Changes in heart rate and HRV of the subjects during exercising was detected through only the electrocardiographic signals from exercising and detected the point of maximum fat oxidation that differs from person to person. The experiment was carried out 16 healthy males, and used Modified Bruce Protocol, which is one of the methods of exercise stress test methods that use treadmill. The fat oxidation amount during exercise of all the subjects showed fat oxidation of more than 4Fkcal/min in the exercise intensity from about 5 minutes to 10 minutes. The correlation between the maximal fat oxidation point obtained through gas analysis and the point when 60% starts to be relevant in the range from -0.01 to 0.01 seconds for values of R-R interval from changes in heart rate had correlation coefficients of 0.855 in Kendall's method and in Spearman's rho, it showed significant results of it being p<0.01 with 0.950, respectively. Furthermore, in the changes in LF & HF, we have determined the point where the normalized area value starts to become the same as the maximal fat oxidation point, and the correlation here showed 0.620 in Kendall and 0.780 in Spearma of which both showed significant results as p<0.01.
Keywords
Fat oxidation; Heart rate; $VO_2max$; ECG; Heart Rate Variability(HRV);
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 J.F. Phelain, C.L. Melby, M.A. Harris, E. Reinke, "Postexercise energy expenditure and substrate oxidation in young women resulting from exercise bouts of different intensity", Journal of the American College of Nutrition, Vol. 16, pp. 140-146, 1997.   DOI
2 T. Force, "Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology," Circulation, Vol. 93, pp. 1043-1065, 1996.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 B.F. Robinson, S.E. Epstein, G.D. Beiser, E. Braunwald, "Control of heart rate by the autonomic nervous system. Studies in man on the interrelation between baroreceptor mechanisms and exercise", Circulation Research, Vol. 19, pp. 400-411, 1966.   DOI   ScienceOn
4 J.A. Ronijn, E.F. Coyle, L.S. Sidossis, A. Gastaldelli, J.F. Horowitz, E. Endert, R.R. Wolfe, "Regulation of endogenour fat and carbohydrate metabolism in relation og exercise intensity and furation", American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology And Metabolism, Vol. 265, pp. E380-E391, 1993.   DOI
5 N.V. Tsetsonis, A.E. Hardman, "Reduction in postprandial lipemia after walking influence of exercise intensity", Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Vol. 28, pp. 1235, 1996.   DOI
6 Y. Yamamoto, R.L. Hughson, Y. Nakamura, "Autonomic nervous system response to exercise in relation to ventilator threshold", Chest, Vol. 105, pp. 206S-210S, 1992.
7 Y.S. Lee, D.K. Oh, "Comparison of Maximal Oxidation Exercise Intensity Between Ordinary College Students and Endurance Athletes", The Korean Journal of Physical Education, Vol. 39, pp. 467-475, 2000.
8 G. Borg, "Perceived exertion as an indicator of somatic stress", Scandinavian journal of rehabilitation medicine, Vol. 2, pp. 92, 1970.
9 G.A. Brooks, "Amino acid and protein metabolism during exercise and recovery", Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Vol. 19, pp. S157, 1987.
10 G.A. Brooks, J. Mercier, "Balance of carbohydrate and lipid utilization during exercise: The "crossover" concept", Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 76, pp. 2253-2261, 1994.   DOI
11 R.W. Bryner, R.A. Yeater, I.H. Rllrich, R.C. Toffle, "The effects of exercise intensity on body composition, weignt loss and dietary composition in women", Journal of the American College of Nutrition, Vol. 16, pp. 68-73, 1997.   DOI
12 B. Ekblom, A.N. Goldbarg, A. Kilom, P.O. Astrand, "Effect of atropine and propranolol on the oxygen transport system during exercise in man", Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation, Vol. 30, pp. 35-42, 1972.   DOI
13 E. Ferrannini, "The theoretical basis of indirect calorimetry: A review", Metabolism, Vol. 37, pp. 287-301, 1988.   DOI   ScienceOn
14 P. Gollnick, B. Saltin, "Fuel for muscular exercise: Role of fat", Exercise, nutrition and energy metabolism, pp. 72-87, 1988.
15 H.S. Kang, "Effect of Exercise Intensity on Autonomic Nerve System Activity during Acute Exercise", Exercise Science, Vol. 7, pp. 1-10, 1998.
16 A. Malliani, N. Montano, "Heart rate variability as a clinical tool", Italian heart journal: official journal of the Italian Federation of Cardiology, Vol. 3, pp. 439, 2002.
17 W.H. Martin, B.F. Dalsky, D.E. Hurley, D.M. Mathews, J.M. Bier, M.A. Hagberg, J.O. Holloszy, "Effect of endurance training on plasma free fatty acid turnover and oxidation during exercise", American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology And Metabolism, Vol. 265, pp. E708-E714, 1993.   DOI
18 Baltmore Williams and Wiliins, "ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription 5th", American College of Sports Medicine, pp. 97-102, 1995.
19 L.B. Rowell, "Human cardiovascular control", Oxford University Press, USA, pp. 172-175, 1993.
20 T.A. Astorino, "Is the ventilator threshold coincident with maximal fat oxidation during submaximal exercise in women", The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, Vol. 40, pp. 209, 2000.
21 Y. Nakamura, Y. Yamamoto, I. Muraoka, "Autonomic control of heart rate during physical exercise and fractal dimension of heart rate variability", Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 74, pp. 875-881, 1993.   DOI
22 E.M. Bennett, "Weight-loss practices of overweight adults", The American journal of clinical nutrition, Vol. 53, pp. 1519S-1521S, 1991.   DOI