• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVI)
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• pp.137-137
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• 2005

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.51-53
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• 1994

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2016년도 춘계학술논문요약집
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• pp.167-168
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• 2016

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권3호
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• pp.285-291
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• 2010

제5차 국가산림자원조사는 국가단위의 산림자원 통계량을 산출하기 위해 설계되어 2006년부터 야외 표본점 자료를 수집하고 있다. 하지만, 표본의 개수가 적은 소면적 시군구의 산림통계를 산출하기 위해서는 보정자료를 이용하는 소면적 추정기법의 적용이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 야외 표본점의 위치정보를 활용할 수 있는 공간통계기반 합성추정법을 적용하여 소면적 시군구의 임상별 산림면적 및 ha당 평균축적 등을 추정할 수 있는 방안을 제시하기 위해 수행하였다. 먼저 조사된 표본점은 수종별 흉고단면적의 비율에 의해 임상별로 사후층화되었다. 합성추정법을 적용하기 위하여 목표 시군과 인접하는 시군들을 하나의 가상 시군으로 설정한 후, 이러한 가상 시군에 포함되는 표본점 자료를 산림통계량 산출에 이용하였다. 합성추정법에 의한 임상별 비율은 임상도와 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 합성추정법에 의한 임상별 ha당 평균축적은 표준오차가 ${\pm}3.5\;m^3/ha{\sim}{\pm}7.7\;m^3/ha$로 직접추정에 의한 표준오차(${\pm}7.8\;m^3/ha{\sim}{\pm}24.7\;m^3/ha$)보다 낮아 상대적으로 정확한 추정치를 나타내었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.363-369
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• 2014

Synthetic cannabinoids (CBs) such as the JWH series have caused social problems concerning their abuse liability. Because the JWH series produces euphoric and hallucinogenic effects, they have been distributed illegally under street names such as "Spice" and "Smoke". Many countries including Korea have started to schedule some of the JWH series compounds as controlled substances, but there are a number of JWH series chemicals that remain uncontrolled by law. In this study, three synthetic CBs with different binding affinities to the $CB_1$ receptor (JWH-073, 081, and 210) and ${\Delta}^9$-tetrahydrocannabinol (${\Delta}^9$-THC) were evaluated for their potential for psychological dependence. The conditioned place preference test (unbiased method) and self-administration test (fixed ratio of 1) using rodents were conducted. $K_i$ values of the three synthetic cannabinoids were calculated as supplementary data using a receptor binding assay and overexpressed $CB_1$ protein membranes to compare dependence potential with $CB_1$ receptor binding affinity. All mice administered JWH-073, 081, or 210 showed significantly increased time spent at unpreferred space in a dose-dependence manner in the conditioned place preference test. In contrast, all tested substances except ${\Delta}^9$-THC showed aversion phenomenon at high doses in the conditioned place preference test. The order of affinity to the $CB_1$ receptor in the receptor binding assay was JWH-210 > JWH-081 >> JWH-073, which was in agreement with the results from the conditioned place preference test. However, no change in self-administration was observed. These findings suggest the possibility to predict dependence potential of synthetic CBs through a receptor binding assay at the screening level.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.2135-2139
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• 2000

시아노구아니딘-포름알데히드 수지에 의한 음이온성 콜로이드 입자의 응집현상은 음이온성 입자의 표면전하와 디아미노메틸렌우레아(diaminomethylene urea: DU) 이온과의 전기적인 작용에 기인한다고 보고되어 있다. 본 논문에서는 음이온성 염료폐수를 응집처리하기 위하여 100~500 nm의 양이온성 시아노구아니딘-포름알데히드 수지를 합성하였고, 응집제 수용액의 pH가 낮을수록 응집제의 Zeta potential은 높게 측정되었다. 농도 0.4 g/L 반응성 염료폐수를 응집처리하였을 경우 pH가 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 중에서 pH가 3인 조건이 다른 pH조건보다 COD, 색도 제거율이 높게 나타났으며, pH 3인 조건에서 400 ppm 주입시 COD 74%, 색도 90% 정도 제거할 수 있었다.

• 폴리머
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.496-501
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• 2014

폴리알파올레핀은 낮은 유동점, 높은 점도지수와 같은 물리화학적 특성이 기존의 광유보다 우수한 합성윤활유이다. 본 논문은 퍼옥사이드계 개시제를 이용하여 올레핀을 사용하지 않고 이소파라핀 분자간의 알킬레이션 반응을 통한 합성 윤활유 제조에 관한 새로운 경로를 제시한다. 평균 탄소수가 i-$C_{16}$, i-$C_{18}$, 그리고 i-$C_{23}$인 세가지 장쇄 이소파라핀의 알킬레이션과 i-$C_{18}$과 2-pentene의 알킬레이션을 di-tert butyl peroxide 라디칼 개시제를 사용하여 여러가지 반응조건에서 수행하여 단독 알킬레이션 반응 경로를 확인하였다. 세가지 유분으로 제조된 알킬레이트를 합성 윤활유로의 적용 가능성을 알아보기 위하여 동점도, 점도지수, 및 유동점을 조사하였다. i-$C_{16}$ 및 i-$C_{18}$ 유분으로 제조된 단독 알킬레이트는 극초고점도지수(>140)와 낮은 유동점(< $-30^{\circ}C$)을 보였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.249-257
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• 2013

This study newly presents a synthetic phase tuning technique to suppress the unwanted torsional mode while enhancing the desired torsional mode in a pipe. Specifically, we aim at the enhancement of the first torsional mode and the suppression of the undesired, second torsional mode. Earlier efforts were to enhance the desired wave mode only in the hope that the enhancement results in the suppression of the unwanted wave mode. Unlike these efforts, the suggested technique makes the complete cancellation of the unwanted wave mode but it is shown to enhance the desired first mode for torsional wave problems. In the present study, the synthetic phase tuning is developed for the cancellation of the unwanted wave mode, meaning that the number of necessary experimental equipments is reduced. Simulation and experiment were carried out to check the effectiveness of the proposed method. As an application of the suggested technique, we investigated the reflection and mode conversion characteristics of the first torsional mode according to the step thickness variation in a stepped pipe.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2019

A major predictor of the efficacy of natural or synthetic cannabinoids is their binding affinity to the cannabinoid type I receptor ($CB_1$) in the central nervous system, as the main psychological effects of cannabinoids are achieved via binding to this receptor. Conventionally, receptor binding assays have been performed using isotopes, which are inconvenient owing to the effects of radioactivity. In the present study, the binding affinities of five cannabinoids for purified $CB_1$ were measured using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique as a putative non-isotopic receptor binding assay. Results were compared with those of a radio-isotope-labeled receptor binding assay. The representative natural cannabinoid ${\Delta}^9$-tetrahydrocannabinol and four synthetic cannabinoids, JWH-015, JWH-210, RCS-4, and JWH-250, were assessed using both the SPR biosensor assay and the conventional isotopic receptor binding assay. The binding affinities of the test substances to $CB_1$ were determined to be (from highest to lowest) $9.52{\times}10^{-3}M$ (JWH-210), $6.54{\times}10^{-12}M$ (JWH-250), $1.56{\times}10^{-11}M$ (${\Delta}^9$-tetrahydrocannabinol), $2.75{\times}10^{-11}M$ (RCS-4), and $6.80{\times}10^{-11}M$ (JWH-015) using the non-isotopic method. Using the conventional isotopic receptor binding assay, the same order of affinities was observed. In conclusion, our results support the use of kinetic analysis via SPR in place of the isotopic receptor binding assay. To replace the receptor binding affinity assay with SPR techniques in routine assays, further studies for method validation will be needed in the future.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.32-36
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• 2004

We have previously isolated three synthetic lethal mutants from Schizosaccharomyces pombe in order to identify mutations in the genes that are functionally linked to spmex67 with respect to mRNA export. A novel rsm1 gene was isolated by complementation of the growth defect in one of the synthetic lethal mutants, SLMex1. The rsml gene contains no introns and encodes a 296 amino-add-long protein with the RING finger domain, a C3HC4 in the N-terminal half. The Δrsm1 null mutant is viable, but it showed a slight poly(A)$\^$＋/ RNA accumulation in the nucleus. Also, the combination of Δrsm1 and Δspmex67 mutations confers synthetic lethality that is accompanied by the severe poly(A)$\^$＋/ RNA export defect. These results suggest that rsm1 is involved in mRNA export from the nucleus.