• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.113-126
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• 2009

In the recent years, health effect of dimethylformamide(DMF) has been one of critical industrial hygiene issues. There might be many factors to increase the exposure level of DMF. Among those factors, industrial ventilation would be one of the main factors. In this study, industrial ventilation systems of printing processes in synthetic leather factories were thoroughly surveyed and the improved ventilation systems were proposed. 7 synthetic leather factories were selected for this study. After the ventilation systems were visually inspected, each component of the system was tested by using the appropriate instruments. Hood face velocities, fan exhaust flow rates, fan static pressures, fan rotation rates, etc were measured. In addition, flow visualization techniques were used to observe flow patten around hoods and inside the factory buildings. After gathering all qualitative and quantitative information, the test results were analysed to see if any improvement might be necessary. For the system to be improved, the re-design plans were made by using computational fluid dynamics softwares. The softwares used in this study were AIRPAK and STAR-CD. The effectiveness of the several improvement options were tested, then the best cost effective option was selected. Finally, the standard ventilation systems were proposed to minimize the exposure levels of DMF.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.417-426
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 가죽 생산 공정 중 원피 무게의 50% 이상 고형 폐기물로 발생하는 콜라겐 단백질의 섬유 기재에 미모사(Catechol Tannin) 및 채스트넛(Pyrogallol Tannin)과 같은 식물성 탄닌물질을 다양한 조건에서 고정화시킨 10 가지 다른 종류의 바이오 흡착제를 제조하였다. 제조한 각 바이오 흡착제들의 중금속 제거용 흡착제로서의 성능 평가를 위하여 Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), Cr(III) 이온을 함유한 인공 오염수를 사용하여 다양한 반응 조건에서의 회분식 실험을 실시하였으며, 중금속들의 제거 특성을 규명하였다. 미모사를 탄닌물질로 사용하여 콜라겐에 고정화 반응을 시켰을 때 섬유 번들 내부로의 미모사의 침투력은 나프탈렌계 침투제의 주입량에 비례 하였다; 3% ${\geq}$ 1.5% > 0%. 모든 바이오 흡착제들에서 pH 3.0 이하에서는 중금속 이온들의 제거는 거의 일어나지 않았으나 pH 3.0 이상에서 중금속의 제거율이 급격히 발생하였으며 Zn(II)을 제외한 나머지 중금속이온들은 pH 6.0 이상에서는 거의 완전히 제거되었다. Cr(III)의 경우에는 바이오 흡착제 종류별 제거량이 매우 유사한 경향을 나타내었으나 Cu(II), Zn(II), Pb(II)의 제거에서는 축합형 탄닌(미모사)에 비해 이온결합이 가능한 다량의 카르복실기를 함유한 가수분해형 탄닌(채스트넛)을 사용하여 고정화시킨 바이오 흡착제에서 높은 제거능을 보였다. S10 바이오 흡착제에 대한 Pb(II) 및 Cu(II) 중금속 이온들의 흡착은 이온농도가 1,000배 변화거나 경쟁이온 화학종을 일하전 및 이하전 화학종을 사용하였을 때 영향을 받지 않았다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.401-408
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• 2007

The study aims to examine consumer awareness of green fashion products and demographic characteristics by subdividing environmentally conscious consumers of such products in the current domestic fashion market. It then compares the result with the characteristics of environmentally conscious consumers studied by 1999 in order to understand the trend of the consumer group in the fashion market and to promote the use of green fashion products. Marketing strategies for green fashion products suggested by the study are as follows: First, fashion firms are required to develop and publicize shops selling recycled or second-hand clothing that environmentally conscious consumers show constant interest. For instance, clothing patterns may be developed to enable consumers to make their kids' clothing easily at home, and various garments made from recycled materials may stimulate environmentally conscious consumers' desire to buy. Particularly, advanced technologies should be developed and publicized to manufacture garments that can excel existing ones made of normal materials in their features in order to satisfy consumers' interest in clothing made from recycled PET bottles. In addition, various natural dyes should be developed to decrease water pollution. Second, it seems imperative to develop clothing made of recycled knitted apparel that attracts consumers' interest more than ever, fashionable multi-purpose clothing, and environmentally friendly materials. As the use of natural fur or leather can cause the endangerment of wild animals and the destruction of the ecosystem, synthetic fur or leather may be used to develop sophisticated products with the same texture as real ones to attract environmentally conscious consumers' interest.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2006

Ecotoxicity assessments of 90 selected effluents of 22 industry types from 2002 to 2004 in Korea were evaluated by a toxic battery of bioassay test using fish Oryzias latipes, invertebrate Daphnia magna, algae Selenastrum capricornutum and bacteria Vibrio fischeri with the physicochemical measurement items and permit concentrations on the present Water Quality Conservation Act in Korea. Total toxic unit (${\Sigma}TU$) of 8 industry types of 22 industry types by the toxic battery appeared in order of the value site as follows; Pigment Dye Manufacturing (${\Sigma}TU$ 217.1) > Textile and Dye (${\Sigma}TU$ 39.3) > Semiconductor Electronic Manufacturing (Small) (${\Sigma}TU$ 25.6) > Wastewater and Sewage Treatment Plants (${\Sigma}TU$ 25.4) > Coating (${\Sigma}TU$ 23.8) > Leather Skin Manufacturing (${\Sigma}TU$ 18.0) > Synthetic Resin Manufacturing (${\Sigma}TU$ 15.6) > Assemble Metal Manufacturing (${\Sigma}TU$ 10.7). Our results demonstrate that ecotoxicity assessment, by bioassay test, is effective and practical for industrial wastewater management for 90 selected effluents with the limitation of the physicochemical permit. Among 90 effluents, 9 samples failed physicochemical permit limitation and 81 passed it. In result of ecotoxicity assessment of 90 effluents by the toxic battery, 76 effluents exhibited ecotoxicity and the others did not. The physicochemical measurement items and permit concentrations on the present Water Quality Conservation Act in Korea were low related to the ecotoxicity value by the toxic battery and appeared limited for water quality management to water-ecosystem and environment-friendly management of water.