• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.274-279
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• 2002

The sick sinus syndrome refers to a combination of symptoms (dizziness, confusion, fatigue, syncope, and congestive heart failure) caused by sinus node dysfunction and marked sinus bradycardia, sinoarterial block, or sinus arrest. 'Abdominal pulsation' means a disagreeable symptom that is defined as sensation of beating at the abdomen. We experienced a 84 year-old female patient who had dizziness, fatigue, abdominal pulsation and frequent voiding. These symptoms were related to previous episodes and presumed sick sinus syndrome by symptoms, ECGs and 24 hrs of holter monitoring. In the point of Differentiation of Syndrome (辨證), this patient was diagnosed as 'Water retention(水氣)' and was administered with Yeonggyechulgam-tang(岺桂朮甘湯). After the treatment, abdominal pulsation (frequency) and dizziness (VAS) were improved. Futhermore, the interval of voiding was longer and each volume of urination increased.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.127-142
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• 2004

Objective : To evaluate the effect of Oriental medical treatment on a patient with Ramsay Hunt syndrome with poor prognosis on EMG. Methods : We applied various methods of Oriental Medical treatment including Acupuncture, Electroacupuncture, Herb medicine, Vesiculation therapy using Mylabris and Crontonis Fructus, Massage, Self-excercise of face muscles. Results : 1. Herb medicine was applied on the basis of Differentiation of Syndromes(辨證): We tried Herb medicine to improve the function of Digestive System. The patient's stool condition, subjective sensation related with abdominal pain and general condition improved. 2. We used the Vesiculation therapy using Mylabris which was used traditionally to treat Facial Palsy. We powdered Mylabris and mixed it with Crontonis Fructus to make a paste. We put it on Ye-poong(?風), Nae-gwan(內關) at left side. It induced vesicles at the applied area, but it disappeared in 48 hours without any scar. 3. We applied acupuncture, electroacupunture, massage and self-excercise of face muscles. On gross scale assessment, there was some improvement. And assessment with regional scale also showed changes. The patient and the guardian were satisfied with the result. Conclusion : We experienced a case of Ramsay Hunt syndrome with poor prognosis on EMG. She also showed poor response to conservative treatment. Through various modalities of Oriental medical treatment, we attained some clinical improvement.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.34-44
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• 2009

Background : Currently, as a method of standardization of prescription, questionnaire for Buzhongyiqi-Tang[補中益氣湯] was developed, and which is a Objectives : The purpose of this thesis is to testify whether differentiation of Lao Juan Shang[勞倦傷] etiology is relative to mobility of gastric smooth muscle. Methods : The subjects(20 to 65 years old; 14 males, 46 females) were isolated from drinking alcohols for 24 hours before the experiment, and fasted for 8 hours, and measured for electrogastrography(EGG) and they filled out Questionnaire for Buzhongyiqi-Tang. Results : 1. Six factors from the factor analysis of Questionnaire for Buzhongyiqi -Tang were named and classified as Spleen-Qi deficiency syndrome factor [脾虛] (factor 1), Lung-Qi deficiency syndrome factor [肺虛] (factor 2), Working factor [習慣] (factor 3), Yin-Fire factor [陰火] (factor 4), Jung-Qi deficiency syndrome factor [中氣虛] (factor 5), and Stomach-Qi deficiency syndrome factor [胃虛] (factor 6). 2. As for the reliability of Questionnaire for Buzhongyiqi-Tang, we used Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.772 for the mean of the item-total. 3. Lung-Qi deficiency syndrome factor(factor2) had significant correlation with Bradygastria Time (r=-0.312, p<0.05). 4. Working factor(factor3) had significant correlation with Bradygastria Time (r=-0.329, p<0.05). 5. Yin-Fire factor(factor4) had significant correlation with Power Ratio (r=-0.328, p<0.05). Conclusions : It is shown that Bradygastria Time and Power Ratio tended to decrease against postprandial DP increased and postprandial frequency decreased in normal case.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 1989

This papaer presents a new algorithm for the P-wave detection in the ECG signal. Digital differentiation method (7-point derivative) is used for detecting P-waves exactly. This algorithm can detect various parameters of PR, PP, RR interval, which are important to diagnosis AV blocks and WPW syndrome. Especially, this algorithm can detect P-waves very efficiently not only in well-preprocessed waves but in pccr waves with noise and artifact. And it enables to develope more reliable automatic diagnosis algorithm.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.487-496
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate clinical frequency and priority of five pattern identification settled by Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Sign for Stroke. The present study was done over 177 hospitalized patient with stroke in the Daejeon University Oriental Medical Hospital in the period of November 2006 to July 2007. Stroke patients had been interviewed by residents and specialists who studied standard operation procedures in Fundamental study for Standardization and Objectification of Differentiation and Pattern Identification of Syndrome of Oriental Medicine for Stroke. In Heat-transformation pattern group, men showed significantly high frequency and in Deficiency of Gi pattern group, women showed significantly high frequency. In Heat-transformation pattern group, the indicators such as 'aversion to heat during fever', 'flushed face', 'full and rapid pulse', 'dryness of the eyes, 'yellow coating of the tongue', 'feverishness of the limbs', 'dryness of the eyes' showed significantly high frequency. In Dampphlegm syndrome group, the indicators such as 'white coating of the tongue', 'yellowish face', 'thick coating of the tongue', 'wheezing in the throat with sputum', 'swollen tongue', 'slippery pulse' showed significantly high frequency. In Deficiency of Gi pattern group, the indicators such as 'pale tongue', 'lassitude', 'pale face', 'weakness pulse' showed significantly high frequency. In Deficiency of Eum group, the indicators such as 'short and rapid pulse', 'mirror-like tongue' showed significantly high frequency. For more sensitive Korean Standard Differentiation of the Symptoms and Signs for Stroke, Large scale study is to be done, giving weight on the important indicators.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1678-1727
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• 2006

This study was perfromed to develop the assessment guideline and endpoints for clinical trial with anticancer herbal medicine. The botanical products used to humans for long time may be applied to phase 3 clinical trial after submitting the evidences for safety and efficacy of them or completion of basic requirement of phase 1 and phase 2 for safety confirmation and dose determination. Syndrome improvement was chiefly evaluated by Zubrod and karnofsky(%) methods. We suggest the general clinical trial assessment with botanical products, by following assessment points, that is, tumor size for 50 points, survival fate for 10 points, major syndromes for 40 points. It is recommendable that the each symptom of Qi deficiency syndrome, blood deficiency syndrome and Qi stagnation syndrome was allocated by assessment points, Similarly, the each symptom was given the assessment points according to the severity of symptom, for example, slight for 3 points, moderate for 2 points and severe for 1 point in hepatocelluar carcinoma and lung cancer. Then, the efficacy of botanical products was evaluated by the difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment. Asking the neoplastic patients of questionnaire on physical, emotional, cognitive, social and role subjects availability, three more syndromes (Fatigue, Pain and Nausea/Vomit), quality of life(QOL) will be evaluated by GLM statistics. In addition, in case of lung cancer, 13 questions will be asked by the EORTC QLQ-C13 forms. As the assessment of endpoints for efficacy to reduce side effects induced by chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the data of image scanning and hemato-urinalysis can be usefully applied on immune response, weight loss, indigestion, hemopoietic damage and injury of liver and kidney, while the changes of syndromes of side effect can be evaluated by differentiation methods of Qi and blood and five viscera. However, it is still necessary to determine the ratio between scientific analytical method and Oriental differentiation method as well as confirm the Oriental assessment endpoints by clinical trial. In addition, we suggest the continuous development of assessment endpoints on other carcinomas except of hepatocelluar carcinoma and lung cancer in future.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate preliminarily for development of the Korean medicine clinical practice guideline (CPG) for pancreatic cancer through the analysis of existing CPGs. Methods: Through searching the medical database such as Pubmed, SCOPUS, CNKI, Google Scholar, etc. The global CPGs within recent three years were collected and analyzed. In particular, recommendations related to the Korean medicine or Chinese medicine were made primarily in the Guidelines of Diagnosis and Therapy in Oncology with Traditional Chinese Medicine. Results: The six CPGs were mentioned in this study. The academic societies and organizations developing the CPGs were located in China, Japan, Europe and America. The contents of the CPGs were the clinical questions and statements, surgical therapy, adjuvant therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, palliative medicine, risk assessment, palliation and supportive care, follow-up and recurrence, Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) staging. In the Guidelines of Diagnosis and Therapy in Oncology with Traditional Chinese Medicine, the etiology, mechanisms, herbal drugs, Chinese medicine assessment, complication, syndrome differentiation (SD), Chinese medicine treatment were described. Conclusions: In order to develop the proper Korean medicine CPG for pancreatic cancer and to adapt the correct integrative treatment program on the pancreatic cancer, institutional arrangements for cooperation with Korean medical communities and standardization of SD should be performed.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.37-48
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to suggest the direction for the development of a clinical practice guideline (CPG) for esophageal cancer (EC). Methods: We collected and analyzed CPGs and related data about esophageal cancer by searching the database of domestic and foreign articles. Results: There were little contents or proposals related to Korean Medicine (KM) or Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), those related to KM or TCM can be found only in "Guidelines of Diagnosis and Therapy in Oncology with Traditional Chinese Medicine (惡性腫瘤中醫診療指南)". They were symptom factors, syndrome differentiation (SD) and 'treatment process of esophageal cancer by combination of western medicine and Korean medicine'. Conclusions: The topics of the development Korean medicine CPG for EC are (1) the method and procedure about combination of western medicine and Korean medicine (2) the process of SD and diagnosis (3) safety and efficacy of the herbal medicine and preparation (4) availability and timing of the tools related to KM or TCM like acupuncture, moxibustion, massage, etc.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1015-1025
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• 2019

Objectives: There have been many studies reporting the clinical value of Euphorbia kansui Radix or Melonis Calyx, but few systematic studies of the changes that may occur after taking such herbal medication. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the patient group, possible changes in blood test and InBody test results, and to discover the current state and future direction of clinical use of Euphorbia kansui Radix or Melonis Calyx. Methods: This study investigated patients who were hospitalized at Kyung-Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital for at least two days from 1 March 2016 to 1 March 2019, specifically evaluating patients aged 19 and over who underwent blood tests, including an electrolyte test and an InBody test before and after taking Euphorbia kansui Radix or Melonis Calyx. Results: Among a total of 134 patients, 72 patients (53.7%) were treated with Euphorbia kansui Radix and 62 patients (46.3%) were treated with Melonis Calyx, in the context of previously diagnosed abnormal weight gain. Laboratory findings were that Na and K levels were significantly reduced in both groups. In an InBody test, body mass index (BMI), intracellular water, extracellular water, protein, mineral, and skeletal muscle were significantly reduced in both groups. Conclusions: From these results, we suggest that, although Euphorbia kansui Radix and Melonis Calyx may not induce serious adverse effects, attention should be paid to the electrolyte level with the use of these treatments. In terms of syndrome differentiation, more clinical uses will be available in the future.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.534-539
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• 2009

Deficiency and excess pattern differentiation is unique characteristic of traditional oriental medicine on diagnosis and treatment. This differentiation is accomplished through pulse, tongue diagnosis and question examination, but most of these processes need to be objectified for efficacious treatment and traditional medicine development. In this study, we developed the deficiency and excess pattern questionnaire for objectification of question examination. The deficiency and excess pattern questionnaire was made out through The Traditional Oriental Medical Literature with Delphi Technique. Patients who visited oriental medical hospital filled out the questionnaire by themselves. Diagnosis of deficiency and excess pattern are conducted separately by oriental medical doctors with more than 5 years' clinical experience. Various physical condition factors were derived for the deficiency and excess pattern questionnaire. (Ordinary health degree, pain pattern, fatigue, weight change, sweating, uncomfortable awareness on chest and abdomen) Deficiency symptoms group acquired internal consistency, but excess symptoms group did not. (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ > 0.6) There were significant associations between doctor's diagnosis and deficiency and excess symptoms in 'ordinary heath degree', 'voice weakening', and 'chest distress' (p-value < 0.1) There were significant differences between deficiency and excess syndrome patients groups in deficiency questionnaire score but there were no significant differences between deficiency and excess syndrome patients groups in excess questionnaire score. We acquired the internal consistency and significant result of deficiency pattern questionnaire, but we can find out some difficulties in development of the excess pattern questionnaire. These difficulties are associated with insufficiency description of traditional literature and small number of patients diagnosed as excess pattern.