• 인지과학
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.91-107
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• 2014

음절 빈도 효과란 고빈도 음절로 시작되는 단어가 저빈도 음절로 시작되는 단어에 비해 어휘 판단 속도가 느리며 어휘 판단 오류율도 증가하는 효과를 의미한다. 이 효과를 유발하는 원인은 전체 단어 수준에서 활성화된 음절 이웃 단어의 방해로 알려져 있으며 이 방해의 크기는 표적 단어가 얼마나 많은 음절 이웃 단어를 또는 얼마나 강력한 음절 이웃 단어를 가지고 있는지에 의해 결정된다. 그러나 음절 빈도의 정의가 음절 타입 빈도와 토큰 빈도로 구분됨에도 불구하고 이를 구분하지 않고 많은 연구들이 수행되어 왔다. 최근 Conrad, Carreiras, & Jacobs(2008)에 따르면 음절 토큰 빈도는 전체 단어 처리 수준을 반영하는 변인이며 음절 타입 빈도는 하위 어휘 처리 수준의 음절 처리 수준을 반영하는 변인일 수 있다고 주장하였다. 이에 본 연구는 이들의 주장이 맞다면 음절 타입 빈도는 단어 명명 속도를 촉진 시킬 것이며 반대로 음절 토큰 빈도는 명명 시간과 관련 없을 것이라고 예측하였다. 왜냐하면 표기 심도가 얕고 음절의 경계가 명확한 언어에서 명명 과제는 전체 단어수준을 덜 참고하기 때문이었다. 실험 1결과에서 음절 토큰 빈도를 통제한 상태에서 고빈도 타입음절의 단어 명명 시간은 유의미하게 짧았다. 실험 2에서 음절 타입 빈도를 통제한 상태에서 음절토큰 빈도의 증가는 명명 시간을 역시 단축시켰다. 이에 본 연구는 음절 토큰 빈도가 하위 어휘 처리와 무관하다는 Conrad, Carreiras, & Jacobs(2008)의 주장을 반박하였다.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제57호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to observe how Korean learners perceive an English weak syllable in words containing WS syllable pattern. According to the automated discrimination task using E-Prime, the ratio of correct answer(%) and reaction time of the stimuli with same syllable patterns were respectively higher and faster than those with different syllable patterns. Specifically, in the stimuli with different syllable patterns, the frequency(familiarity) of stressed word succeeding weak syllable and whether the weak syllable had coda in it were two important factors in distinguishing between a word with and without weak syllable. Even though the high English proficiency Koreans had faster reaction time than the low English proficiency Koreans, all Korean learners had a difficulty in perceiving the weak syllable at the beginning of a word.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제35_36호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1998

This study aims at examining the relationship between tonal events and their related vowel and syllable duration in Korean. Two things were investigated: one is to see if there is a hierarchical relationship in prosodic unit-final-lengthening and the other is to see if accentual phrase initial high tone syllable gets lengthened. Generally, higher prosodic units show larger degree of lengthening of the final vowel and also final syllable duration than the lower ones except for accentual phrase: Mean duration of utterance-final or intonational-phrase-final syllable(and its vowels) was longer than that of accentual-phrase-final or word-final syllable(and its vowels). However, mean duration of accentual phrase final syllable was shorter than that of word final syllable. Mean vowel duration of accentual phrase initial high tone syllable was shorter than that of any other prosodic unit. Its mean syllable duration, however, was longer than that of accentual-phrase-final or word-final syllable, indicating that strong consonants(fortis and aspirated) frequently appear in the accentual phrase initial position and this position is a prosodically strong position showing longer duration as well as high tone.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권10호
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• pp.1879-1890
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• 2011

Previous studies of syllable frequency effects have proposed that inhibitory effects due to high first syllable frequency were the products of competitions between activated lexical candidates within a lexical level. However, these studies have primarily used lexical decision tasks to examine the nature of syllable frequency effects. This study investigates whether a syllable frequency effect can arise in semantic categorization tasks and whether phonologically or orthographically defined syllables interact with semantically related variables such as morphological family size. If the syllable frequency effect was created by activations and competitions on a lexical level, it is highly possible that the effect was related to semantic categorization tasks. To test this hypothesis, we conducted two experiments. In Experiment 1, morphological family size and phonological syllable frequency were factorially manipulated. In Experiment 2, morphological family size and orthographic syllable frequency were factorially manipulated. The results demonstrate that morphemes have no relationship with phonological syllables but do with orthographic syllables. This suggests that phonological syllables and orthographic syllables have different roles in the syllable frequency effect on visual word recognition process.

• 인지과학
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.97-112
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• 2024

한글에서 글자는 단어를 구성하는 주요한 단위이다. 본 연구는 한글 글자의 속성(글자의 빈도, 모음의 유형, 받침의 유무, 글자의 위치)이 단어와 비단어의 명명에 영향을 미치는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 선형혼합 효과분석 결과 단어는 첫째 글자의 빈도가 증가할수록 명명시간이 감소하였으며, 첫째 글자에 받침이 있을 때 명명시간이 감소하였다. 또한, 단어가 횡모음 유형일 때보다 종모음 유형일 때 명명 정확률이 더 높았으며 첫째 글자에 받침이 없을 때보다 있을 때 명명시간이 감소하였다. 비단어는 첫째 글자의 빈도와 둘째 글자의 빈도가 각각 증가할수록 명명시간이 감소하였으며 명명 정확률이 더 높았다. 비단어도 횡모음 유형일 때보다 종모음 유형일 때 명명 정확률이 더 높았다. 본 연구에서 둘째 글자의 빈도 효과는 단어와 비단어에 따라 달랐지만, 첫째 글자의 빈도효과와 모음 유형의 효과는 일관되게 나타났다. 시각단어재인에 대해 연구 결과의 함의를 논의하였다.

• 인지과학
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.277-297
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• 2023

본 연구는 한국어 심성어휘 데이터베이스(KLP-DB)의 분석을 통해 글자 빈도, 글자의 모음 유형, 받침 유무 등 글자 수준 정보가 두 글자로 된 단어와 비단어의 어휘판단에 어떤 영향을 주는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 반응시간과 오반응률에 대한 위계적 회귀분석을 실시한 결과 단어의 어휘판단에는 단어빈도가 중대한 영향을 미치지만, 첫째 글자의 빈도, 첫째 글자와 둘째 글자의 모음 유형과 받침 유무와 같은 글자 속성이 영향을 미쳤고, 두 글자의 모음 유형의 조합 및 둘째 글자의 빈도와 받침 유무의 조합도 영향을 주었다. 비단어의 어휘판단에는 첫째 글자와 둘째 글자의 빈도, 첫째 글자의 모음 유형, 첫째 글자와 둘째 글자의 받침 유무와 같은 글자 속성이 영향을 미쳤고, 두 글자의 사용빈도의 조합, 모음 유형의 조합, 및 첫째 글자의 빈도와 받침의 조합도 영향을 주었다. 단어빈도는 단어의 어휘판단에서 강력한 영향을 미쳤으며, 글자속성은 단어보다 비단어의 판단에서 더 일관적인 영향을 미쳤다. 본 연구의 결과는 어휘판단과제에서 단어와 비단어 목록의 구성 및 반응시간의 해석에 글자 속성의 문제를 충분히 고려해야 함을 가리킨다. 글자 속성의 효과에 대한 이해는 단어 재인 과정의 이해에도 기여할 것이다.

• 음성과학
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.175-183
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• 2005

In this study, realization of strong and weak syllables in English by Korean leaners with low English proficiency was examined through experiment. The aspects of three acoustic characteristics-duration, pitch, amplitude-were measured and compared with native speakers of English. It was assumed that production of duration, pitch and amplitude of strong and weak syllable by Korean learners would be different from that of English native speakers. According to the production experiments, English native speakers produced strong syllable longer, higher and louder than weak syllable. However, Korean leaners produced strong syllable higher and louder than weak syllable, but not longer enough. Specifically, weak syllable by Korean leaners was longer and strong syllable shorter than native speakers. Furthermore, the difference in duration of syllables between Korean leaners and English native speakers is more significant than pitch and amplitude. As a result, the duration was more important cue for the realization of stress than pitch and amplitude. However, Korean leaners did not produce duration of stressed syllables as English native speakers did, even though they produce the pitch and amplitude of stressed syllable in a similar way to native speakers. The reasons for those were considered, too.

• 음성과학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.99-107
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the syllable and phoneme frequencies in the spontaneous speech of some Korean children. Sixty four normally developing children aged from 2 to 5 were involved (male: female=1 : 1, 16 children in each age group). Fifty connected utterances were analyzed using the KCLA (Korean Computerized Language Analysis) 2.0 and Exel. The findings were as follows: 1) /i/ was the most frequently used syllable and was followed by /yo/, /k/, /s'/, /nen/ and so on. 2) The most frequently used Korean phonemes were syllable-initial consonant /k/, syllable- medial vowel /a/ and syllable-final consonant /n/. 3) All seven syllable final consonants (/p,t,k,m,n,n,l/) were used more frequently in the word-medial position than in the word-final position. Three syllable initial consonants(/k, I, s'/) were used more frequently in the word-medial position than in the word-initial position. The syllable and phoneme frequencies in the Korean children's spontaneous speech will provide valuable information in interpreting the severity of phonological disorder and in developing tools for the Korean phonological assessment and intervention.

• 음성과학
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2001

We proposed a probabilistic approach of using syllable bigrams to the word-spacing problem. Syllable bigrams are extracted and the frequencies are calculated for the large corpus of 12 million words. Based on the syllable bigrams, we performed three experiments: (1) automatic word-spacing, (2) detection and correction of word-spacing errors for spelling checker, and (3) automatic insertion of a space at the end of line in the character recognition system. Experimental results show that the accuracy ratios are 97.7 percent, 82.1 percent, and 90.5%, respectively.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.67-87
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to show how the coda of a syllable and word-final clusters are represented in the English syllable structure. Previous theories on the syllable assume that there is only one segment in the coda position. And, as we know, the theories that license only one segment in the coda make it difficult to syllabicate the word-final cluster appropriately when more than two segments in the word-final cluster are encountered. I considered three approaches: the previous syllable structure (Selkirk, 1982; Borowsky 1989), sonority sequencing (Giegerich, 1992; Roca, 1999) and feature analysis (Goldsmith, 1990), But, all the considered methods don't give us a satisfactory explanation regarding word-final clusters. Finally, I will suggest a modified syllable representation as an alternative by placing two different appendixes under the Phonological Word which forms a constituent above the syllable node. From this it is possible to explain the former problematic word-final clusters including morphological information asan inflectional suffix in the structure.