• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.543-554
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• 2024

This study investigated the correlation between piglet performance and sow body weight change (BWC) during two gestational periods: 35-70, 70-105, and 35-105 days. A cohort of 70 sows was evaluated for BWC, backfat thickness change (BFC), caliper score change (CALC), feed intake, and weaning-to-estrus interval (WEI). The collected data were then analyzed according to the two specified periods. Our findings highlighted that piglet birth weight, weaning weight, and average daily weight gain (ADG) correlated with sow body characteristics, including BFC and CALC. The strongest correlation was observed with BWC. Piglet mortality was intimately associated with BFC. Piglet birth weight, weaning weight, and ADG showed a positive correlation with sow BWC, particularly during the 35-70 day period. Furthermore, sows displaying a higher BWC during the 70-105 day period, and also exhibiting a higher BW gain from 35-70 days, registered greater piglet weight gains and higher weaning weights. These trends became more apparent as the sow's BWC increased during the 70-105 day period. Piglet mortality increased when the sow exhibited a lower BWC during both the 35-70 and 70-105 day periods. No significant observations were found concerning the number of stillborn piglets, live-born piglets, or weaned piglets, and no interaction effects were detected between these periods. In conclusion, our findings underscore the significance of sow BWC during the early stages of gestation (d 35-70) for enhancing piglet performance from birth to weaning.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.16-21
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• 2014

The demand for food rises proportionally as population grows. To be able to achieve sustainable supply of livestock products, efficient farm management is a necessity. With the advancement in technology it also brought innovations that could be harness in order to achieve better productivity in animal production and agriculture. Precision Livestock Farming (PLF) is a budding concept of making use of smart sensors or available devices to automatically and continuously monitor and manage livestock production. With this concept, this paper introduces a swine management system that integrates image processing technique for weight monitoring. This system captures pig images using camera, evaluate and estimate the weight base on the captured image. It is comprised of Pig Module, Breeding Module, Health and Medication Module, Weighr Module, Data Analysis Module and Report Module to help swine farm administrators better understand the performance and situation of the swine farm. This paper aims to improve the management in both small and big livestock raisers.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.409-415
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementation of fermented wheat bran (FWB) on growth and blood characteristics in weaned pig. A total of 36 weaned pigs ($Landrace{\times}Yorkshire{\times}Duroc$; BW, $7.78{\pm}0.04kg$) were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments with different FWB concentrations (0, 0.5, and 1.0%), and each treatment had 3 replicate pens with 4 pigs per pen. The FWB was obtained from a mixture of wheat bran and two microbes (Lactobacillus plantarum M10 and Saccaromyces cerevisiae) and was determined to contain $10.19{\pm}0.27log\;CFU/g$ of L. plantarum and $7.73{\pm}0.38log\;CFU/g$ of S. cerevisiae. Experimental diets were prepared by mixing 0 (control), 0.5, or 1.0% of the FWB to the basal diet, and fed to the weaned pigs for 7 weeks. During the experimental period, the pigs had access to the diet and water ad libitum. Feed intake increased significantly in the 1.0% FWB group compared to the control and 0.5% FWB groups (p < 0.05), whereas the other growth parameters were not different among the treatment groups. White blood cells and lymphocytes were significantly decreased in the FWB treatment groups compared to the control group, but other blood corpuscles were not different among the treatment groups (p < 0.05). The pigs fed 0.5% FWB showed greater serum IgG than the control and 1.0% FWB groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the FWB fed to weaned pigs did not negatively affect their growth performance, but rather reduced mortality by fortifying immunity.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.205-220
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the addition of glycine betaine to the diet on growth performance in pigs. A total of 400 pigs were divided into 4 feeding stages(Growing I: 23.10 $\pm$ 1.43, Growing II: 37.69$\pm$ 1.62, Finishing I: 66.51 $\pm$3.44 and Finishing II: 90.42$\pm$ 2.17 kg of initial body weight) then each feeding stage was divided into 4 treatment groups(Control: 0 0/0, Tl : 0.2 0/0, T2: 0.4% and T3 : 0.6 % of glycine betaine, respectively). The average daily gain and feed efficiency of T2 and T3 were significantly increased(p< 0.05) by dietary glycine betaine in stage I, 2 and 3. This result indicates that dietary glycine betaine could influence the pig growth performance. In feeding stage 4, the average daily gain and feed efficiency were significantly increased in 0.4% glycine betaine feeding group compared with other dietary groups(p < 0.05). Results suggest that feeding the pigs 0.4 % glycine betaine could be the most efficient dietary level. Crude protein, ether extract and crude ash digestibilities of 0.4% glycine betaine fed group were significantly increased compared with those of control group(p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was found in nutrient digestibilities among glycine betaine fed groups. Apparent faecal amino acid digestibilities of 0.4% glycine betaine fed group were more significantly higher than that of control group. The 0.4% glycine betaine fed group was significantly increased in apparent faecal amino acid digestibility compared with those of other glycine betaine fed group. No significant difference was shown in amount of microflora population between control and glycine betaine fed groups. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gas emission were significantly decreased in 0.4% glycine betaine feeding group compared with other dietary groups(p < 0.05).

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.197-204
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• 1990

This study was carried out to determine the sulfametazine residues in swine tissues. For this experiment, 22 samples of porks were collected at meat markets in Seoul, 21 samples of swine muscles for export were collected at slaughterhouses in Gyunggi areas, and 18 samples of swine livers, kidneys, and muscles were collected from 6 swine at slaugterhouse in Seoul from the end of August to the early of October and were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). the results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. The sulfametazine residues were liver > kidney > muscle, and among liver, kidney and muscle were very significantly different(p<0.005). 2. The sulfametazine residue in liver was very significantly higher than that in muscle (p<0.005), the sulfametazine residue in kidney was significantly higher than that in muscle (p<0.005), but, the sulfametazine residue in liver was not significantly higher than that in kidney(p<0.05). 3. the sulfametazine residues in swine muscles for export wer exhibited a tendency to lower in small breeding size farms. 4. the sulfametazine fesidue in one of 22 samples of porks for domestic consumption was exceeded 0.1 ppm.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.195-201
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• 2006

The operational characteristics of anaerobic bioreactors in treating swine wastewater were evaluated upto hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1 day and organic loading rate (OLR) of $5.1kg-COD/m^3{\cdot}d$ for 200 days. The bioreactors were effective in treating swine wastewaters with COD removal efficiency of $78.9{\sim}81.5%$ and biogas generation of $0.39{\sim}0.59m^3/kg-COD_r$ at OLR of $1.1{\sim}2.2kg-COD/m^3{\cdot}d$. The two-stage ASBF anaerobic bioreactors was effective in treating different characteristics of swine wastewaters since they showed high and stable COD removal efficiency at high OLR due to effective retention of biomass by media and staging. The effects of ammonia on anaerobic digestion were investigated by operating two-stage ASBF reactors using swine wastewaters as influent without and with ammonia removal at HRT of $1{\sim}2$ days and OLR of $2.2{\sim}9.6kg-COD/m^3{\cdot}d$ for 250 days. The COD removal efficiency and biogas generation of two-stage ASBF reactors was decreased by increasing influent ammonia concentrations to 1,580 mg (T-N)/L with increasing OLR to $6.3kg-COD/m^3{\cdot}d$, while those were increased by maintaining influent ammonia concentrations below 340 mg (T-N)/L by MAP precipitation with increasing OLR to $9.6kg-COD/m^3{\cdot}d$. Initial inhibition of ammonia on anaerobic processes was observed at a concentration of 760 mg (T-N)/L and the COD removal efficiency and biogas generation dropped to 1/2 at ammonia concentration ranges of $1,540{\sim}1,870mg$ (T-N)/L. It is essential to remove ammonia in swine wastewaters to an initial inhibition level before anaerobic processes for the effective removal of COD.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.819-826
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• 2006

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of cultured wild-ginseng powder or its fermented culture byproduct on growth performance, blood parameters, carcass and meat quality in finishing pigs. The animals used in the experiment were a total of 36 Landrace×Yorkshire and weighted 65.81±2.02kg. The experimental diets were basis diet, 2.5% wild-ginseng fermented culture byproduct of B. subtilis replaced lupin in basis diet and 0.2% cultured wild-ginseng powder replaced lupin in basis diet to CON, T1 and T2 for 60 days, respectively. The pigs were allotted at 4 pigs per pen with three replicate pens per treatment by completely randomized design. In growth performance, ADG was not significantly different between treatments. ADFI was significantly lower (P<0.05) in T1 and T2 than in CON. Feed/Gain was not different between treatments. In plasma's biochemical composition, total protein was significantly higher (P<0.05) in T1 than in CON. Blood urea nitrogen was not different between treatments. Glucose and albumin were significantly higher (P<0.05) in T1 than in other treatments. Calcium was significantly higher (P<0.05) in T1 than in CON. Inorganic phosphate was significantly higher in T1 than in other treatments. In plasma's lipid composition, triglyceride was significantly higher (P<0.05) in T1 than in other treatments. Total cholesterol was not different between treatments. HDL cholesterol was significantly higher (P<0.05) in T1 than in other treatments. In carcass and meat quality, carcass weight, dressing precent, meat precent and back-fat thickness were not significantly different between treatments. Moisture and crude fat were also not significantly different between treatments. The results indicate that growth performance, carcass and meat quality were not affected but plasma's biochemical and/or lipid composition were affected when replaced with wild-ginseng fermented culture byproduct of B. subtilis and cultured wild-ginseng. Our research indicates that wild-ginseng fermented culture byproduct of B. subtilis and cultured wild-ginseng powder were able to using with pig's diet in finishing period.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.58-64
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• 2012

Purpose: The objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of anaerobic digestion of Chinese cabbage waste juice (CCWJ) and swine manure(SM). Methods: The anaerobic digestion test was conducted under batch and continuous conditions at mesophilic temperature ($36-38^{\circ}C$). The batch test was divided into Experiment I and II. In the Experiment I, biogas potential and production rate of CCWJ was evaluated. In Experiment II the effect of F/M ratio (2.0, 3.2, 4.9) at mixture ratio of 25:75(CCWJ: SM, % vol. basis) on biogas yield was studied. Results: CCWJ produced biogas and methane yield of 929 and 700 mL/g VS added respectively. The biogas yield from the mixture of CCWJ and SM was almost same at F/M ratio of 2.0 and 3.2 but dropped by 14% when F/M ratio increased from 3.2 to 4.9. In continuous test the mixture of CCWJ and SM (25:75, % vol. basis) produced biogas yield of 352 mL/g VS added which is around 11% higher compared to biogas yield from SM alone. Addition to biogas yield digester performance was also improved with co-digestion of CCWJ with SM. Conclusions: The results showed that the anaerobic digestion of CCWJ with SM could be promising for improving both the biogas yield and digester performance at mesophilic temperature.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.463-466
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• 2005

As the distributed generation becomes more reliable and economically feasible, it is expected that a higher application of the distributed generation units would be interconnected to the existing grids. This new generation technology is linked to a large number of factors like economics and performance, safety and reliability, market regulations, environmental issues, or grid connection constrains. KEPOD (Korea Electric Power Corporation) is performing the project to develope the Distributed Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) technologies by using Swine BID-ENERGY. This paper describes the plans and strategies for the renewable energy of MGT on actual grid-connection under Korean situations. KEPOD also, has a research plan on bio-gas pretreatment system applicable to our domestic swine renewable resources and is performing concept design of pilot plant to test grid operation. In addition, this testing will be conducted in order to respond to a wide variety of needs for application and economic evaluation in the field of On-site generation.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.35-47
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• 2002

In swine production, efficiency of utilization of nutrients is imperative. By embracing advances in processing techniques(i.e., fine grinding, pelleting, steam flaking, roasting, extrusion and expanding) nutrient utilization of feeds turfs have greatly improved. Grinding is by far the most commonly used process with reduction of particle size, Expander, like extruders, are high-temperature and pressure-short-term processor. The purpose of using an expander is to improve pellet quality. Also, expanding of dietary ingredients indicates improvements in growth performance and nutrient digestibility. Because feed cost are easily the greatest economic input into swine production, maximizing nutrient utilization is an area that will continue to receive much attention. Therefore, much attention will continue to be placed on feed processing techniques that will give consistent improvements in animal performance and nutrient digestibility.