• 대한수의사회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.29-40
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• 1984

Present experiments were conducted in order to clarify the effect of dietary low zinc and excess calcium on the zinc and calcium concentrations of serum and feces, and to show the therapeutic effect of external application of zinc or soybean oil on the sk

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2000

A feeding trial with a total of 24 growing pigs of average 33.47kg body weigh was conducted to investigate effects of dietary supplementation with Tetrachlorvinphos on swine growth and fly control. The Experimental animals were divided into two groups of 12 gigs, 3 replicates of 4 animals each. Body weight gains and feed conversion rates were no differences between control and treatment. Maggot and fly populations were significantly reduced (P<0.05), respectively.

• 약학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.51-54
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• 1986

Fecal samples from Kim-Hae farm animals were examined for the frequency of gram-negative enteric organisms resistant to tetracycline, streptomycin, or penicillin. The propertions of antibiotic resistant to total organisms in fecal specimens of poultry, swine and cow were as follows: 95%, 92%, 70% for tetracycline, 100%, 27%, 9% for streptomycin, 18%, 1%, 1% for penicillin, respectively. The bacteria had multiresistance to antibiotics. These strains had more than one plasmid. From the transformation study, it was concluded that the resistance to streptomycin was attributed to one of these plasmids.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.157-161
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• 1971

This experiment was undertaken in order to investigate whether chicken can serve as a carrier for swine lungworm, Metastrongylus apri. The results abtained are summerized as follows: All chickens which were fed the infective larvae of M. apri, in the form of infected earthworm (Eisenia foctida) excreted appreximately 4.4 to 5.4 percent of the infective larvae in their feces between 2 to 10 hours after dosing. The larval excretion was marked especially during the first 2 hours. A few (0.10~0.12%) larvae were detected from the intestinal wall of chickens by pepsin-digestion method on a day after dosing, but no further migration or development of the larvae was observed. The larvae which had passed through the digestive tract of chickens retained their viability and produced characteristic lungworm disease when inoculated to guineapigs. From these results, it may he concluded that the chicken can serve as a carrier for the infective larvae of M. apri.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제65권2호
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• pp.473-477
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• 2023

Lactobacillus amylovorus CACC736 was originated from swine feces in Korea. The complete genome sequences of the strain contained one circular chromosome (2,057,809 base pair [bp]) with 38.2% guanine-cytosine (GC) content and two circular plasmids, namely, pCACC736-1 and pCACC736-2. The predicted protein-coding genes, which are encoding the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated proteins, biosynthesis of bacteriocin (helveticin J), and the related proteins of the bile, acid tolerance. Notably, the genes related to vitamin B-group biosynthesis (riboflavin and cobalamin) were also found in L. amylovorus CACC736. Collectively, the complete genome sequence of the L. amylovorus CACC736 will aid in the development of functional probiotics in the animal industry.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.120-124
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• 2014

초지 또는 농경지에 살포되는 퇴비와 액비에 의해 발생될 수 있는 악취민원에 대처하기 위하여, 돼지의 분과 뇨에 존재하는 악취물질 농도를 비교 분석하였다. 1. 비육돈의 분과 뇨에 함유된 휘발성유기물의 농도 비교 페놀, p-크레졸 및 페놀류 농도는 분 보다 뇨에서 높았으며 (p<0.05), 분 보다 뇨에 축적된 비율이 페놀은 138배, p-크레졸은 545배 높았다. 인돌 농도는 분 보다 뇨에서 높았으며, 스카톨은 뇨 보다 분에서 높았다 (p<0.05). 휘발성유기물은 대부분 뇨로 배설되었으며, 이 중 농도 및 악취강도가 가장 높은 물질인 p-크레졸이 뇨에 많이 함유되어 있다. 돼지 분뇨를 고액분리 하였을 때 퇴비로 이용되는 고체보다 액비로 이용되는 액상물질에서 악취가 훨씬 강할 것으로 예측된다. 2. 비육돈의 분과 뇨에 함유된 휘발성지방산의 농도 비교 아세트산과 단쇄지방산 농도는 분 보다 뇨에서 높았으며 (p<0.05), 부티르산과 프로피온산은 차이가 없었다 (p>0.05). 이성체지방산 중 I-부티르산의 농도는 뇨 보다 분에서 높았지만 (p<0.05), I-발레르산과 이성체지방산은 차이가 없었다 (p>0.05). 휘발성지방산 중에서 아세트산과 프로피온산은 분에서 각각 65와 20%, 뇨에서는 각각 93과 4%로 휘발성지방산의 대부분을 차지하였지만 아세트산과 프로피온산을 포함하는 단쇄지방산은 악취강도가 낮다. 반면에 악취강도가 상대적으로 높은 이성체지방산은 분과 뇨 간에 차이가 없기 때문에 휘발성지방산이 악취강도에 미치는 영향은 크지 않을 것으로 판단된다. 이상의 연구결과를 종합하면, 돼지 분뇨의 악취물질 중 악취강도가 높은 p-크레졸은 뇨에 많이 함유되어 있기 때문에 퇴비와 액비 생산과정 중 액상처리 시 악취강도가 매우 높을 것으로 추정된다. 다만, 악취강도는 휘발성지방산의 농도 변화에 따라 차이가 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2001

Yersinia enterocolitica is an inhabitant in the lower intestinal tract of many domestic and wild animals as well as in the nature. Of the several forms of diseases caused by Y. enterocolitica, an acute enteritis, especially in young children, is the most common form. Infection of the bacteria usually occurs through fecal-oral route by contaminated foods or water, especially mountainspring water. Of the domestic animals, swine has been known as one of the most important carrier in the human infection. Based on the knowledge, prevalence of antibody against Y enterocolitica was investigated with swine sera collected from Korea for the survey of Y enterocolitica infection in swine. As the first step of this survey, we analyzed outer membrane protein (OMP) profiles of the representative strains of Y enterocolitica isolated from the feces of piglets and mountainspring water in Korea. Thirty-eight kDa OMP was identified as the common OMP regardless of origin, serotype, or biotype of Y enterocolitica isolates. Presence of antibody specific for 38 kDa OMP of Y enterocolitica in 1,076 swine sera collected from November 1999 to October 2000 was analysed with ELISA. Antibody titer in sows was significantly higher than that in piglets, growing pigs and finishing pigs (p<0.05). Also, there was seasonal difference in the prevalence of antibody against Y enterocolitica. These results would provide the basic knowledge for controlling the Y enterocolitica infection in human as well as swine.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.904-918
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cooling systems on reproductive performance, body temperature, blood metabolites, and the intestinal microbiome in early gestating sows exposed to high ambient temperature. In total, 39 pregnant sows (Landrace × Yorkshire; 2 parities) were randomly assigned to and maintained in the following three treatment groups (13 sows per group) over days 0 to 35 of pregnancy: (i) air cooling (AC; 26.87 ± 1.23℃), (ii) water-drip cooling (WC; 28.81 ± 0.91℃), and (iii) a lack of cooling with heat stress (HS; 30.72 ± 0.70℃). Backfat thickness was measured before and after HS. Feces were collected on day 0 and 35 d of the trial for microbiome analysis, whereas blood was taken at day 35 of pregnancy and analyzed. Reproductive performance and physiological responses were identified at day 35. Respiration rate along with rectal and skin temperatures were lower (p < 0.05) in the AC group than in the HS and WC groups. Serum blood urea nitrogen values were increased (p < 0.05) in the WC group compared with those measured in the AC and HS groups. Triiodothyronine was found at greater levels (p < 0.05) in the AC than in the HS group. Reproductive performance was not affected by the cooling systems. At the phylum level, fecal pathogenic Spirochaete and Euryarchaeota were found in higher numbers (p < 0.05) in all groups after HS. Similarly, at the genus level, the amount of Treponema was greater (p < 0.05) in all groups after HS. In conclusion, our results suggest that AC or WC can ameliorate or mitigate the adverse effects of HS on the physiological parameters of pregnant sows reared under high temperatures.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.289-297
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• 2011

Objectives: To estimate the microbial contaminant load discharged from livestock farms, we randomly selected livestock farmers of cattle, swine, and fowl and collected bacterial strains from domestic animals' feces and compost samples. Recently, as multi-antibiotic-resistant bacteria and super bacteria showing resistance to a variety of antibiotics have been reported one after another, the ecological and health hazard of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is emerging as an important issue. Methods: Monitored indicator microorganism constituents were totak coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC), and aerobic bacteria. The multi-antibiotic-resistant bacteria were identified from investigated indicator microorganisms by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: By microbiological analysis, the largest population of aerobic bacteria ($1.5{\times}10^5$ CFU/g) was found in cattle fecal compost, and total coliforms ($1.1{\times}10^7$ CFU/g) and fecal coliforms ($1.0{\times}10^5$ CFU/g) were found primarily in swine fecal compost, while the lowest population was found in fowl fecal compost. Among the 67 strains separated from aerobic bacteria, five strains expressing high antibiotic resistance were selected in each sample. We found the multi-antibiotic resistant strains to be Shigella boydii, Staphylococcus lentus, Acinetobacter sp. and Brevibacterium luteolum. Conclusions: These results suggest that increasing numbers of multi-antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment have a close relation to the reckless use of antibiotics with livestock.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1983-1993
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• 2017

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, one of the most common foodborne pathogens, is transmitted mainly through contaminated food derived from infected animals. In this study, S. Typhimurium ST1120, an isolate from pig feces in Korea, was subjected to whole-genome analysis to understand its genomic features associated with virulence. The genome of ST1120 was found to have a circular chromosome of 4,855,001 bp (GC content 52.2%) and a plasmid of 6,863 bp (GC content 46.0%). This chromosome was predicted to have 4,558 open reading frames (ORFs), 17 pseudogenes, 22 rRNA genes, and 86 tRNA genes. Its plasmid was predicted to have three ORFs. Comparative genome analysis revealed that ST1120 was phylogenetically close to S. Typhimurium U288, a critical isolate in piggery farms and food chains in Europe. In silico functional analysis predicted that the ST1120 genome harbored multiple genes associated with virulence and stress resistance, including Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs containing SPI-1 to SPI-5, SPI-13, and SPI-14), C63PI locus, ST104 prophage locus, and various antibiotic resistance genes. In accordance with these analysis results, ST1120 showed competence in invasion and survival abilities when it was added to host cells. It also exhibited robust resistance against antibiotics in comparison with other S. Typhimurium strains. This is the first report of the complete genome sequence of S. Typhimurium isolated from swine in Korea. Comparative genome analysis between ST1120 and other Salmonella strains would provide fruitful information toward understanding Salmonella host specificity and developing control measures against S. Typhimurium infection.