• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.635-643
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• 2011

This study was investigated to evaluate the physiological responses on T-shirts manufactured with selected functional materials by body parts which were selectioned on the distribution of sweating and temperature change. Seven healthy men in twenties were participated in a climate chamber of $27{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ and $50{\pm}1%RHC$. Three kinds of T-shirts named 'D1', 'D2' and 'Poly' were used as experimental clothings. Four kinds of functional materials of quick absorbing/drying were used in all section in 'D1', but two kinds of functional materials used partially in 'D2'. 'Poly' T-shirts used only polyester. In an experimental schedule of 90 minutes, which were consisted of 'Rest', twice of 'Exercise' and twice of 'Recovery' periods, the subjects walked on a treadmill with 60% of $VO_2max$. As a physiological responses, the microclimate temperature, surface temperature(skin, clothing) and sweat rate were measured. Temperature regulation was kept well in 'D1' rather than other T-shirts. The quick absorbing/drying T-shirts showed its performance well as the exercise goes on the second half. With these results in mind, 'D1' will be more effective for long hours exercise such as climbing rather than short hours exercise.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.231-234
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• 2006

This study was designed to investigate the expression and production of interleukin-1beta $(IL-1{\beta})$ in human peripheral blood of trained runners and untrained controls after temporary moderate intensity exercise. Male long-distance trained runners (TR) and untrained sedentary control subjects (SED) ran for 1 h at 70% of heart rate reserve (HRR). $IL-1{\beta}$ gene and protein expressions were significantly higher in TR than those with SED at all 3 intervals examined independently. Significant increases in total sweat volume and oral temperature were observed after exercise in both groups, however, there were some differences between the groups. We conclude, therefore, that sweating due to exercise is associated with increase of $IL-1{\beta}$ and it is correlated with decrease of oral temperature.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.378-387
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• 2015

Purpose: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) leads to death if the patient does not receive emergency treatment. Thus it is very important to recognize the symptoms in the early stage. The purpose of this study was to identify clusters of symptoms that represent AMI in Koreans. Methods: The study used a retrospective, descriptive design with secondary data analysis. Data were abstracted from 725 medical records of AMI patients admitted from June 1, 2006 to August 15, 2014 at a university hospital. Results: Analysis of the AMI symptoms revealed five symptom clusters; Cluster 1 (n=140): middle chest pain (100%), shortness of breath, and cold sweating, Cluster 2 (n=256): substernal pain (100%), cold sweating, and shortness of breath, Cluster 3 (n=47): substernal pain (95.7%), left arm pain, shortness of breath, cold sweating, left shoulder pain, right arm pain, and the lower neck pain, Cluster 4 (n=212): shortness of breath (28.3%), left chest pain, and upper abdominal pain, and Cluster 5 (n=70): cold sweating (100%), left chest pain, shortness of breath, left shoulder pain, and upper abdominal pain. Length of hospital stay and mortality rate were significantly different according to symptom clusters (F=2.52, p =.040; F=3.62, p =.006, respectively). Conclusion: Symptom clusters of AMI from this study can be used for AMI patients in order to recognize their symptoms at an early stage. The study findings should be considered when developing educational prevention programs for Koreans with AMI.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.73-87
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• 2022

Objectives We aimed to characterize the results obtained from Korean medical examinations and questionnaires on the quality of sleep. Methods The quality of sleep was measured using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index in 400 subjects. Afterwards, heart rate variability (HRV) measurements were done, along with the analyses for tongue color, teeth marks, and tongue coating through the tongue diagnosis system. A questionnaire about body's heat, cold and sweating conditions, and the perceived stress scale (PSS) were performed. Finally, correlations between all these indicators and the sleep quality were analyzed. Results As the quality of sleep decreased, the sympathetic nervous system was stimulated. The subjects who had the blue-purple colored tongue experienced decreased quality of sleep. The quality of sleep was also deteriorated in the subjects who usually feel cold and hot easily, sweat a lot, and feel a lot of discomfort. According to the PSS questionnaire, the higher the stress level is, the lower was the quality of sleep. Conclusions We obtained meaningful results by comprehensively analyzing the sleep quality, HRV, tongue diagnosis, heat and cold conditions, sweating, and stress conditions. In particular, the sleep quality had a significant correlation with the rest of the indicators.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.499-505
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• 2016

The quantitative sudomotor axon reflex testing (QSART) is a classic test of routine postganglionic sudomotor function. We investigated sudomotor function by QSART after summer (July 2012) and winter (January 2013) seasonal acclimation (SA) in the Republic of Korea. QSART with acetylcholine (ACh) iontophoresis were performed to determine directly activated (DIR) and axon reflex-mediated (AXR1, 2) sweating rate. Onset time of axon reflex, activated sweat gland density (ASGD), activated sweat gland output (ASGO), tympanic and skin temperatures ($T_{ty}$, $T_{sk}$), basal metabolic rate (BMR), and evaporative loss volume changes were measured. Tympanic and mean body temperature (${\bar{T}}_b$; calculated from $T_{ty}$, $T_{sk}$) were significantly lower after summer-SA than that of winter-SA. Sweat onset time was delayed during winter-SA compared to that after summer-SA. BMR, AXR(1), AXR(2), and DIR sweat rates, ASGD and ASGO, and evaporative loss volume were significantly diminished after winter-SA relative to after summer-SA. In conclusion, changes in sweating activity measured by QSART confirmed the involvement of the peripheral nervous system in variation of sudomotor activity in seasonal acclimation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.486-492
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• 2001

Objective : Essential hyperhidrosis is a pathological condition of excessive sweating beyond that required to cool the body, though poorly understood, originating from a dysfunction of the sympathetic nervous system. Thoracoscopic sympathectomy is the most popular treatment for upper limb hyperhidrosis, because it is a safe, effective, minimally invasive, and time-saving method. However, the common complication is the compensatory hyperhidrosis in other areas of the body, notably on the back, chest, abdomen, and buttocks. Compensatory hyperhidrosis is severe enough for some people, especially those living in a warm climate or engaging in heavy physical activities, to regret ever having had operation. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying compensatory hyperhidrosis are incompletely understood, even though it is thought to be a truly compensatory feature related to thermoregulation of the body. Materials and Methods : we studied the clinical features of total 233 patients who were diagnosed as essential hyperhidrosis and treated with thoracoscopic sympathectomy or sympathicotomy from March 1992 to July 2000. Results : The success rate of thoracoscopic sympathetic surgery(sympathectomy or sympathicotomy) was 98.7%. The global rate of compensatory hyperhidrosis was 77% ; 84% in group T2, 3 sympathectomy, 76% in group T2 sympathectomy, 43% in group T2, 3 sympathicotomy and 59% in group T2 sympathicotomy. The rate of embarrassing or disabling compensatory sweating was significantly higher in T2 sympathectomy and in T2, 3 sympathectomy than in T2 sympathicotomy and T2, 3 sympathicotomy with significancy in statistic analysis(p<0.01). The precipitating factors of compensatory hiperhidrosis, including heat(warm weather), anxiety, stress, and exertion were noted. The compensatory hyperhidrosis was the main cause of patient dissatisfaction after thoracoscopic sympathectomy. Conclusion : The degree of compensatory hyperhidrosis is closely related to the extent of thoracic sympathectomy.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.1626-1635
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to search for comfortable protective clothing for waste incinerator workers. The experimental protective clothing came in two types: one whose outer side made use of polypropylene film, and the inner side, a non-woven rayon fabric processed with charcoal with a 10% density (CF): and one whose outer side made use of polyolefine and polyamide films, and the inner side, a non-woven polypropylene fabric (NNCF). Experiments were conducted on five healthy adult women whose average age was 21. These experiments were conducted at a climate chamber, in which the temperature and relative humidity were set below $28{\pm}1^{\circ}C\;and\;50{\pm}10%$, respectively. Measured were the rectal temperature, the skin temperature, the sweating rate, the weight loss, the heart rate, the blood pressure, the temperature, and the relative humidity of a microclimate and subjective sensation. These were measured within a period of 60 min, consisting of a 20-min stable period, a 20-min exercise period (walking exercise for 2 miles/hr on a treadmill), and a 20-min recovery period. Through this experiment, the differences between the human body's physiological reactions to CF and NNCF clothing, and the human body's comfort levels when wearing these, were determined.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권11호
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• pp.1499-1504
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• 2000

Objectives : In general, conventional T2, T3 thoracoscopic sympathicotomy must be one of the most effective treatments for the essential palmar hyperhidrosis. However, this is offset by the occurrence of a high rate of side effects, such as embarrassing compensatory sweating and Hornor's syndrome. The authors have performed a selective T3 thoracoscopic sympathicotomy to our patients to see whether it provides successful results with less side effects. Its preliminary results were compared with those of conventional T2, T3 thoracoscopic sympathicotomy. Methods : The thoracoscopic sympathicotomy was performed in 54 patients suffering from essential palmar hyperhidrosis. Twenty-four patients underwent a conventional sympathicotmy(group A) from Jan 1997 to Dec 1997 and 30 patients a selective T3 sympathicotmy(group B) from Jan 1998 to Dec 1999. For assessment of postoperative success and of complications all patients charts were reviewed. Patients further received a postal questionnaire regarding long-term effect, satisfaction, and side-effects. Results : No recurrence was observed in both groups. The global rate of compensatory sweating was significantly(p ＝0.020) different in both groups : 11 patients(45.8%) in group A and 5 patients(16.73%) in group B. The Hornor's syndrome was observed only in 4 patients in group A. The preliminary results of the procedure in group A were considered fully-satisfying by 16 patients(66.6%), 6 patients(25%) were satisfied partially, and only 2 patients(8.3%) were dissatisfied, and those of the procedure in group B satisfying by 26 patients(86.6%), 4 patients(13.3.% ) were satisfied partially, and none dissatisfied. Conclusion : The selective T3 sympathicotomy results in a significant decrease in the rate of disturbing side effects comparing to conventional T2, T3 sympathicotomy and it dose not lead to recurrence. Our results contribute to recommendations of a selective T3 thoracoscopic sympathicotomy as treatment of choice in essential palmar hyperhidrosis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2002

비디오흉강경을 이용한 흉부 교감신경차단술은 본태성 다한증을 치료하는데 있어서 즉각적인 증세 호전을 보이는 안전하고 효과적인 치료방법이다. 하지만 수술 후 만족의 정도는 생활에 불편할 정도의 보상성 다한증의 높은 빈도의 발생에 의해서 상쇄된다. 본 연구의 목적은 흥부교감신경을 여러 부위에서 차단한 후 증상의 호전과 보상성발한의 발생을 비교하고 평가하여 최소의 부작용과 최대의 이점을 야기할 수 있는 적당한 부위와 범위의 교감신경차단술을 결정하기 위해서이다. 대상 및 방법: 1998년 1월부터 2001년 6월까지 원광대병원 흉부외학교실에서 본태성 다한증을 호소하는 150명의 환자에서 흉강경을 이용한 교감신경차단술을 시행하였다. 환자는 3군으로 분류하였는데 I군은 교감신경 사슬을 제 2,3,4번 늑골 상단에서 차단한 50명을 대상으로 하였고 II군은 제 2번 늑골상단에서 제 2번 교감신경절 상부의 교감신경절간 사슬을 절단한 50명을 대상으로 하였으며 III군은 3번째 늑골 상단에서 제 2번 교감신경절의 하부 교감신경절간 사슬을 차단한 50명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구 항목은 치료 만족도, 보상성다한증의 빈도 및 정도, 술 후 합병증, 족부발한의 변화로 구성되었다. 결과: 각 군간의 연령과 성별에는 타이가 없었다. 치료한 모든 환자에서 수술직후 본태성다한증의 만족할만한 수술결과를 얻었다. 그러나 장기 만족도는 I,II,III군 각각80%, 92%, 96% 이었고 땀이 많이 나서 생활에 약간의 불편을 줄 정도 이상의 심한 보상성다한증은 I, II, III,군에서 각각 50%, 28%, 18%로 나타났다. 약간의 만족할 만한 수장부 보습성은 역순이었으며 족부 발한은 땀의 감소를 각 군에서 모두 관찰할 수 있었으나 각 군간의 차이는 볼 수 없었다. 결론: 보상성다한증의 빈도와 정도는 흉부교감신경차단술과 부위와 범위에 따라 아주 밀접한 연관관계가 있었으며 3번째 늑골상단에서 제 2번 교감신경절의 하부 교감신경절간 신경섬유의 차단방법은 최소 침투수술법으로 효과적인 치료법이며 본태성다한증에서 체간에 발생하는 보상성다한증의 빈도와 정도를 줄이면서 손의 과도한 건조함을 감소시킴과 동시에 얼굴의 무한증 까지도 예방할 수 있는 수술기법이라 할 수 있다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.405-416
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• 1992

This study was performed to investigate correlation between total body weight loss and local sweat rate and to find out any possible method that can estimate total body weight loss judging from local sweat rate. Twelve adult females were kept at 44 $\pm1^{\circ}C$, 50 ${\pm}5\%$ R.H. (1) Physiological responses such as total body weight loss, local sweat rate, rectal temperature, skin temperature, blood pressure and pulse, (2) micro climate inside garment and (3) subjective sensation were examined. Two types of garment such as long-sleeves with long pants (Type I) and half·sleeves with short pants (Type II) were used to observe the effect of garment types on sweating response. Both clothing weight was equal (132$\pm$3 g/$m^{2}$). The results were as follows: 1. Regardless of the different types, total body weight loss was more interrelated with the sweat rate on forehead than any other parts of the body. Except the forehead, different parts of body with different types of garment influenced on body weight loss quite differently. 2. Total body weight loss was more interrelated with the weight gain of garment than the local sweat rate. 3. Under the environment of 44$\pm1^{\circ}C,\;50{\pm}5\%$R.H., body weight loss during 1 hour of subject clothed and silted was 275.2 g/hr and weight loss per body surface area was 178.9 g/$m^{2}/hr$ Garment types have no influences on total body weight loss. 4. Local sweat rate (mg/7.07 $cm^{2}/hr$) was 208.0,191.0, 133.0, 115.0,81 0, 75.1 and 66.3 on scruff, breast, forehead, forearm, thigh, upper arm, leg respectively No evidence has been found that garment types influenced on local sweat rate (p<0.1). 5. No interrelationships between rectal temperature and total body weight loss, local skin temperature and total body weight loss, and local skin temperature and local sweat rate were found. From this study, some possible method that we can estimate total body' weight loss judging from weight loss of garment. But considering the fact that clothing design factor, the physical characteristics of fabric and environmental factor such as humidity and wind velocity should be concerned in weight loss of garment, it should be studied further whether the total body weight loss can be estimated properly from the weight loss of garment. This experiment suggest that different parts of body with different types of garment can influence on body weight loss quite differently. Therefore, in order to get more precise results, more studies under the diversity of garment types should be done in the near future.