To investigate the variations of physico-chemical factors in four stations (Hanlim, Aewol, Sinchon, Hamdeok) at Jeju coastal area, Water temperature, Salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solid (SS), ammonia-nitrogen ($NH_4-N$), nitrite-nitrogen ($NO_3-N$), nitrate-nitrogen ($NO_2-N$) were analysed. The ranges of water temperature were from 26.23 to $28.6^{\circ}C$, the salinity were from 31.4 to 32.88‰, the pH were from 8.15 to 8.35, the chemical oxygen were from 0.48 to 0.91 mg $L^{-1}$. A total of 52 strains of marine actinomycetes was isolated from Jeju Island coastal area. They were characterized by determining morphological and physio-biochemical properties, the API kit and confirmed by molecular methods including partial sequencing of 16S rRNA. A neighbor-joining tree of partial 16S rRNA sequences divided the 52 isolates in 2 major groups, 22 strains of Gram positive bacteria/Actinobacteria (division)/Actinomycetales (order)/Streptomycineae (suborder)/Streptomycetaceae (family)/Streptomyces (93.1%) and 2 strains of Streptospotangineae (suborder)/Nocardiopsaceae (family)/Nocardiopsis (6.9%).
Park, Kwang-Jae;Choi, Yong-Suk;Heo, Seung;Kang, Hee-Woong;Han, Hyun-Seob;O, Hae-Chong
The Korean Journal of Malacology
/
v.26
no.4
/
pp.267-273
/
2010
From January to December 2007, we have investigated sediment types, environmental factors and density of clam Ruditapes philippinarum inhabited at Oeri, Naeri, Jonghyeon and Bangmiri tidal flats in Gyeonggi Bay off the west coast of Korea. Sediment types of Oeri and Jonghyeon were characterized with well sorted muddy sand. In contrast, Bangmiri tidal flat was mainly composed of poorly sorted gravelly muddy silt and Naeri was characterized with very poorly sorted muddy-sandy gravel. During the course of study, the surface water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH ranged 3.2 to $27.0^{\circ}C$, 21.7 to 33.3 ‰, 5.6 to 12.7 mg/l and 7.36 to 8.82, respectively. The suspended solid (SS) ranged from 3.2 to 1,266.0 mg/l and chlorophyll-a level in the water column ranged $0.3-36.1{\mu}g/l$, respectively. The density of clam in the study areas was mainly determined by the harvesting activities rather than the types of substrate. Relatively higher density of clam was observed in Oeri and Bangmiri where the clam seeds were sowed by the villagers. Condition factor of clams were found to be higher in Oeri where the substrate sorting was better with higher level of chlorophyll a. It was believed that sediment types and the level of available food the two governing factors controlling the density and growth of clam in Gyeonggi Bay.
Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
/
v.7
no.4
/
pp.845-852
/
2003
This study deals with the relationship between the red tide occurrence and the meteorological and marine factors, the prediction of areas where the red tide is likely to occur based on the information, and the satellite monitoring for the red tide in mid-South Sea of Korea. From 1990 to 2001, the red tide was observed every year and the number of occurrences increased as well. The red tide mostly occurred in July, August, and September. The most important meteorological factor governing the mechanisms of the increase in the number of red tide occurrences is found to be a heavy precipitation. It was found that the favorable marine environmental conditions for the red tide formation are some of marine factors such as the warm water temperature, the low salinity, the high suspended solid, the low phosphorus, and the low nitrogen. The necessary conditions for the red tide occurrence are found to be the heavy precipitation (23.4-54.5 mm) for 2∼4 days, the warm temperature $(24.6∼25.9^{\circ}C)$, proper sunshine (2∼10.3 h), and light winds (2∼4.6 m/s & SW) for the day in red tide occurrence. It was possible to monitor the spatial distributions and concentration of the red tide using the satellite images. It was found that the likely areas for red tide occurrence in August 2000 were Yosu - Dolsan coast, Gamak bay, Namhae coast, Marado coast, Goheung coast, and Deukryang bay.
Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
/
2003.05a
/
pp.323-328
/
2003
This study deals with the relationship between the red tide occurrence and the meteorological and marine factors, the prediction of areas where the red tide is likely to occur based on the information, and the satellite monitoring for the red tide in mid-South Sea of Korea. From 1990 to 2001, the red tide was observed every year and the number of occurrences increased as well. The red tide mostly occurred in July, August, and September. The most important meteorological factor governing the mechanisms of the increase in the number of red tide occurrences is found to be a heavy precipitation. It was found that the favorable marine environmental conditions for the red tide formation are some of marine factors such as the warm water temperature, the low salinity, the high suspended solid, the low phosphorus, and the low nitrogen. The necessary conditions for the red tide occurrence are found to be the heavy precipitation (23.4∼54.5 mm) for 2∼4 days, the warm temperature (24.64-25.85 $^{\circ}C$), proper sunshine (2∼10.3 h), and light winds (2∼4.6 m/s & SW) for the day in red tide occurrence. It was possible to monitor the spatial distributions and concentration of the red tide using the satellite images. It was found from this study that the likely areas for red tide occurrence in August 2000 were Yosu ∼ Dolsan coast, Gamak bay, Namhae coast, Marado coast, Goheung coast, and Deukryang bay.
Park, Kyeong-Hun;Kim, Byeong-Seok;Yun, Hye-Jeong;Ryu, Kyoung-Yul;Yun, Jeong-Chul;Choi, June-Yeol;Kim, Ki-Deog;Jin, Yong-Ik
Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
/
v.45
no.6
/
pp.882-889
/
2012
This study was surveyed that water physiochemical characteristics and phytoplankton incidence of main stream and Lake Doam near to Daegwallyeong agricultural area. Based on above results, it was conducted to get information overall water characteristics in south Han upstream river. COD value of Lake Doam was $6.1mg\;L^{-1}$ and T-P (Total phosphorous) from there was $0.26mg\;L^{-1}$ which was higher than the value of grade VI based on lake water living environment standard. Suspended solid was an average of 9.77 NTU which was higher than value of lake living standard. Concentration of phytoplankton was over $2.0{\times}10^3Cell\;mL^{-1}$ from July to September. It was considered that cyanobacteria were occurred due to massive influx of nutrient material by high temperature and rainfall during this season. Compare to Ontario's sediment quality guidelines, T-N and T-P was middle value between LEL and SEL in Lake Doam. This value means that contamination in water is serious. Therefore, it is considered that systematic management was needed to reduce and block contamination source.
Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
/
v.39
no.8
/
pp.478-488
/
2017
Stormwater filtration is widely used for the urban runoff treatment. However, intensive maintenance and lack of information about the performance have resulted in an increased need of proper evaluation. In this study, the performance of an upflow stormwater runoff filtration system, consisting of a supporting unit and a filtration unit filled with a ceramic media, was investigated. The maximum head loss increase was about 3 cm under the suspended solid (SS) load of $30kg/m^2$ and the SS removal was more than 96%, when the filtration velocity was 20-40 m/h. The head loss and the porosity of the media can successfully be described by a power model. It was confirmed that the a significant amount of SS can effectively be removed at supporting unit, minimizing SS load to the filter media bed. Several backwashing strategies have been tested to establish the optimum condition. It was found that the stagnant water discharge is important to minimize the SS release immediately after backwashing. Also, the filter bed loaded with $400-450kg/m^2$ SS can almost completely be washed to reduce the head loss to the that of empty bed. The results in this study indicate that the upflow ceramic media filter is an excellent alternative to stormwater treatment, with high SS removal and long lifespan.
1. Production of the artificial zeolite from coal ash Coal fly ash is mainly composed of several oxides including $SiO_2$ and $Al_2O_3$ derived from inorganic compounds remained after burning. As minor components, $Fe_2O_3$ and oxides of Mg, Ca, P, Ti (trace) are also contained in the ash. These components are presented as glass form resulting from fusion in the process of the combustion of coal. In other word, coal ash may refer to a kind of aluminosilicate glass that is known to easily change to zeolite-like materials by hydrothermal reaction. Lots of hot seawater is disposing near thermal power plants after cooling turbine generator periodically. Using seawater in the hydrothermal reaction caused to produce low price artificial zeolite by reduction of sodium hydroxide consumption, heating energy and water cost. As coal ash were reacted hydrothermally, peaks of quartz and mullite in the ash were weakened and disappeared, and new Na-Pl peaks were appeared strengthily. Si-O-Si bonding of the bituminous coal ash was changed to Si-O-Al (and $Fe^{3+}$) bonding by the reaction. Therefore the produced Na-Pl type zeolite had high CEC of 276.7 $cmol^+{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ and well developed molecular sieve structure with low concentration of heavy metals. 2. Utilization of the artificial zeolite in agro-environment The artificial zeolite(1g) could remove 123.5 mg of zinc, 164.7 mg copper, 184.4 mg cadmium and 350.6 mg lead in the synthetic wastewater. The removability is higher 2.8 times in zinc, 3.3 times in copper, 4.7 times in cadmium and 4.8 times in lead than natural zeolite and charcoal powder. When the heavy metals were treated at the ratio of 150 $kg{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ to the rice plant, various growth inhibition were observed; brownish discoloration and death of leaf sheath, growth inhibition in culm length, number of panicles and grains, grain ripening and rice yield. But these growth inhibition was greatly alleviated by the application of artificial zeolite, therefore, rice yield increased $1.1{\sim}3.2$ times according to the metal kind. In addition, the concentration of heavy metals in the brown rice also lowered by $27{\sim}75%$. Artificial Granular Zeolites (AGZ) was developed for the purification of wastewater. Canon exchange capacity was 126.8 $cmol^+{\cdot}kg^{-1}$. AGZ had Na-Pl peaks mainly with some minor $C_3S$ peaks in X-ray diffractogram. In addition, AGZs had various pore structure that may be adhere the suspended solid and offer microbiological niche to decompose organic pollutants. AGZ could remove ammonium, orthophosphate and heavy metals simultaneously. Mixing ratio of artificial zeolite in AGZs was related positively with removal efficiency of $NH_4\;^+$ and negatively with that of $PO_4\;^{3-}$. Root growth of rice seedling was inhibited severely in the mine wastewater because of strong acidity and high concentration of heavy metals. As AGZ(1 kg) stayed in the wastewater(100L) for 4days, water quality turned into safely for agricultural usage and rice seedlings grew normally.
Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
/
v.9
no.4
/
pp.111-116
/
2001
As part of the recycling methods, residual food through the anaerobic fermentation process was decomposed into methane gas and fermentation liquid. The research was conducted to measure the effect of application of fermentation liquid on chemical properties of soil and plant growth according to application rate and separate manure at the base of nitrogen in fermentation liquid. The fermentation liquid contained 0.52% nitrogen was applied in treatments by standard fertilizer. The treatments were composed of the control only with chemical fertilizer and N-50, N-100-4, N-100-8 were each of applied with 50, 100(6 times), 100(3 times)% of fermentation liquid contrast to standard fertilizer. Properties of fermentation liquid was high EC because of waster soluble organic compounds as well as much of salts and also contained a lot of suspended solid. The changes of soil chemical properties little occurred in before and after of experiment but EC and content of ex. Ca in soil were increased. Fresh weigh in treatments applied with fermentation is high than that of control but the difference between treatments little showed. The above result means if fermentation liquid be used instead of chemical fertilizer the volume of used fermentation liquid will be reduced by 50% of present standard fertilizer.
Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
/
v.13
no.2
/
pp.99-104
/
2010
The purpose of this study is to develop Sewage Treatment Plant that treat sewage which occurred in ship using fixed media method and to consider applicable to the Pilot Scale device of the STP regulations in MLTM(Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs) and MEPC(Marine Environment Protection Committee). In test results, pH geometric mean was 7.68, $BOD_5$(Biochemical Oxygen Demand) geometric mean was 7.28 mg/l, $COD_{cr}$(Chemical Oxygen Demand) geometric mean was 48.39 mg/l, TSS(Total Suspended Solid) geometric mean was 18.00/l, Residual chlorine geometric mean was 0.19 mg/l, and E. coli geometric mean was 1CFU/100 ml. In addition, about 97.4% of $BOD_5$ was reduced, the $COD_{cr}$ reduction averaged 96.4%and the TSS reduction averaged 97.6%. STP have been determined by the MLTM and MEPC regulation of the marine pollution prevention equipment for performance testing product.
Final biomass yields(cells/ml) and growth rates(divisions/day) of 4 clones of marine diatoms isolated from the Korean coastal waters were measured in media with 6 different levels of added cadmium concentrations. A neritic diatom, GS-12(Chaetoceros sp.), showed no growth at 0.1ppm cadmium, and its $IC_{50}$ for final biomass yield and growth rate was 0.03 and 0.02ppm, respectively. Two clones isolated from tidal pool, NC-37 and NC-29, showed enhanced tolerance to cadmium toxicity. Extremely high tolerance to cadmium addition was found in J-21 from a eutrophicated bay, with its high $IC_{50}$ for biomass yield(1.07ppm) and growth rate(1.92ppm). Present results implied a habitat related pattern of coastal diatom clones in the cadmium tolerances. Except GS-12, the other three diatom clones are considered to be highly tolerant to cadmium stresses.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.