• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1579-1582
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• 2012

Objective: To assess differences in serum proteins in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Methods: 144 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients and 50 healthy volunteers were included in this study, with surface-enhanced laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and weak cation exchange magnetic beads. Follow-up allowed the relations between serum proteins and prognosis to be analyzed. Results: A total of 93 protein peaks were detected (molecular weight range: 1500-30000), 10 demonstrating statistically significant differences. There were no differences in protein peaks between 92 patients with a survival more than 2 years and 52 patients with survival less than 2 years. There were two significantly different protein peaks between 45 stage II patients with a survival more than 2 years and 14 stage II patients with survival less than 2 years. There was one significantly different protein peak between 22 stage III patients with a survival more than 2 years and 29 stage III patients with survival less than 2 years. Conclusion: Differences of serum proteins in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma are related to prognosis of patients. The protein fingerprint can be helpful for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.167-170
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• 1991

Radiation protective fraction was Isolated and partially purified from Korean white ginseng. The effect of the fraction was studied on the cell survival of W-damaged CHO-Kl cells. As a result, it was found that the fraction increased the survival rate of damaged cells significantly within the dose range of which cytotoxicity did not appear This fraction was separated into two parts by adding butanol, namely the precipitated protein component and the butanol extract. Damaged cells were treated with each of these components and their survival rates were measured. The protein component demonstrated significant increase in the survival rates, while the butanol extract showed no such increment. These results suggest that the radiation protective effect of the ginseng fraction is originated from the butanol-precipitated protein component, not from the butanol-soluble compounds.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.821-825
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• 2012

Purpose: Centromere protein H (CENP-H) and Ki67 are overexpressed in some malignancies, but whether they are predictors of survival after primary resection for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) remains unknown. Methods: We assessed immunohistochemical expression of CENP-H and Ki67 in 112 HSCC specimens collected between March 2003 and March 2005 for analysis by clinical characteristics. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze relapse-free survival and logistic multivariate regression to determine risk factors of relapse-free survival. Cholecystokinin octapeptide assays and flow cytometry were used to examine cell proliferation and apoptosis after siRNA inhibition of CENP-H in HSCC cells. Results: Overall, 50 (44.6%) HSCC specimens showed upregulated CENP-H expression and 69 (61.6%) upregulated Ki67. An increased CENP-H protein level was associated with advanced cancer stage and alcohol history (P=0.012 and P=0.048, respectively) but an increased Ki67 protein level only with advanced cancer stage (P=0.021). Increased CENP-H or Ki67 were associated with short relapse-free survival (P<0.001 or P=0.009, respectively) and were independent predictors of relapse-free survival (P=0.001 and P=0.018, respectively). siRNA knockdown of CENP-H mRNA inhibited cell proliferation and promoted cancer cell apoptosis in vitro. Conclusions: Upregulated CENP-H and Ki67 levels are significantly associated with short relapse-free survival in HSCC. These factors may be predictors of a relapsing phenotype in HSSC cases.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.225-229
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• 1988

A ginseng protein fraction which has been reported to have radiation protective effect was purified from Korean ginseng and its effects on relative survival and chromosome aberration were studied in UV irradiated CHO-K1 cells. When the protein fraction $(100\;{\mu}g/ml)$ was added to the cells before UV irradiation at 4\;J/$m^2$,, the survival rates were increased to 53.8% from 40.6% in control. Addition of the protein $(100\;{\mu}g/ml)$ after UV irradiation at 4 and $8\;J/m^2$ raised the rates to 85.4 and 24.0% from 79.2 and 11.5% in control, respectively. When the ginseng protein $(800\;{\mu}g/ml)$ was added to the cells exposed to UV light at 10, 20, $30\;J/m^2$, the frequencies of chromosome aberration (CA) were reduced significantly to almost same level regardless of the UV dose increment and there was no significant difference between pre- and post-treatment. When the concentration of ginseng protein was increased from 200 to $800\;{\mu}g/ml$, at UV dose of 10, 20, $30\;J/m^2$ each, the CA frequencies were decreased consistently as the dose of ginseng protein increased, at all UV doses tested. Similar effects were observed in both cases of pre- and post-treatment. The data suggest that the protein may reduce cell damage caused by UV light, especially damage to DNA molecule, or play a role in repair processes of damaged DNA, to increase cell survival and reduce chromosome aberrations.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.16
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• pp.6935-6938
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• 2014

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. The ABCB1 protein, a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family, encoded by the ABCB1 gene, considerably influences the distribution of drugs across cell membranes as well as multidrug resistance (MDR) of antineoplastic drugs. In contrast to the extensive knowledge on the pharmacological action of ABCB1 protein, the correlation between the clinical-pathological data and ABCB1 protein expression in patients with GC remains unclear. The aim was to investigate association between ABCB1 expression and overall survival in GC patients. Human tumor fragments from 57 GC patients were examined by immunohistochemistry assay. We observed lower survival rate of patients with GC who were positive for ABCB1 expression (p=0.030). Based on these observations, we conclude that GC patients with positive ABCB1 protein immunohistochemical expression in their tumors suffer shorter overall survival.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.4079-4083
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• 2014

Background: Previous studies have showed that argonaute 2 is a potential factor related to genesis of several cancers, however, there have been no reports concerning gliomas. Methods: Paraffin specimens of 129 brain glioma cases were collected from a hospital affiliated to Binzhou Medical University from January 2008 to July 2013. We examined both argonaute 2 mRNA and protein expression by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The survival curves of the patients were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression, and the log-rank test was used for statistical evaluations. Results: Both argonaute 2 mRNA and protein were upregulated in high-grade when compared to low-grade tumor tissues. Multivariate analysis revealed that argonaute 2 protein expression was independently associated with the overall survival (HR=4.587, 95% CI: 3.001-6.993; P=0.002), and that argonaute 2 protein expression and WHO grading were independent prognostic factors for progression-free survival (HR=4.792, 95% CI: 3.993-5.672; P<0.001, and HR=2.109, 95% CI: 1.278-8.229; P=0.039, respectively). Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test indicated that high argonaute 2 protein expression had a significant impact on overall survival (P=0.0169) and progression-free survival (P=0.0324). Conclusions: The present study showed that argonaute 2 expression is up-regulated in gliomas. Argonaute 2 might also serve as a novel prognostic marker.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.129-137
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• 2020

Purpose: To identify the clinical usefulness of serum M protein and to establish a rationale for regular follow-up with serum protein electrophoresis in solitary plasmacytoma. Materials and Methods: Sixty-nine patients with solitary plasmacytoma and solitary plasmacytoma with minimal marrow involvement according to the International Myeloma Working Group criteria were retrospectively reviewed. Results: At a median follow-up of 6.2 years, 5-year local control (LC), 5-year multiple myeloma-free survival (MMFS), 5-year failure-free survival (FFS), and 5-year overall survival (OS) were 82.6%, 44.1%, 41.8%, and 85.1%, respectively. Among the patients whose initial serum M protein was present or not evaluated, 37.3% of patients showed disappearance of serum M protein after various treatment. MMFS of these patients were comparable to non-secretory plasmacytoma with undetectable levels of M protein, and significantly better than patients with persistent M protein. Increase of serum M protein ≥0.1 g/dL was most predictive of treatment failure with area under the curve of 0.731. Conclusion: Patients who eventually showed persistence of serum M protein after treatment showed worse MMFS and FFS compared to those whose serum M protein disappeared or who had initially non-secretory disease. The increase of serum M protein level ≥0.1 g/dL from current nadir was predictive of treatment failure. Therefore, regular follow-up with serum M protein is highly recommended especially unless the patient had initially non-secretory disease.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.8861-8869
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• 2014

Background: The prognostic value of Bcl-2 protein expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is under debate. We therefore systematically reviewed the evidence for Bcl-2 protein effects on NSCLC survival to elucidate this issue. Materials and Methods: An electronic search in Pubmed and Embase complemented by manual searches in article references were conducted to identify eligible studies to evaluate the association between Bcl-2 protein expression and overall survival (OS) as well as disease free survival (DFS) of NSCLC patients. Combined hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were pooled using the random-effects model. Results: A total of 50 trials (including 52 cohorts) encompassing 7,765 patients were pooled in the meta-analysis regarding Bcl-2 expression and OS of NSCLC patients. High expression of Bcl-2 protein had a favorable impact (HR=0.76, 95%CI=0.67-0.86). In the group of Bcl-2 expression and DFS, 11 studies including 2,634 patients were included. The synthesized result indicated high expression of Bcl-2 protein might predict good DFS (HR=0.85, 95%CI=0.75-0.95). Conclusions: Our present meta-analysis demonstrated favorable prognostic values of Bcl-2 expression in patients with NSCLC. Further prospective trails are welcomed to validate the utility of assessing Bcl-2 in NSCLC patient management.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.313-318
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• 1988

Radioprotective ginseng protein fraction was isolated from Korean white ginseng and its cytotoxic effect on CHO-K1 cells was studied by the method of measuring the relative cell survival and total cellular protein content (FRAME method). When ginseng protein at the dose of 300, 600, 900, $1200{\mu}g/ml$ was treated to cells for 24 hrs, the relative survival was significantly decreased at the concentration of above $600{\mu}g/ml$, indicating the presence of cytotoxic effect of the protein at certain concentration. When cellular protein content was measured after ginseng protein at the dose of 300, 600, 900, $1200\;{\mu}g/ml$ was treated, the amount of cellular protein was significantly reduced at the concentration above $600{\mu}g/ml$ in the case of 24 hr treatment and at all concentrations including $300{\mu}g/ml$ in the case of 72 hr treatment. The data suggest that the protein may inhibit cell growth, resulting in the reduction of live cells in culture. $ID_{50}$ value which is the concentration of ginseng protein that reduces the total cellular protein content to 50% of the control was calculated as 2276.86 and $1323.32\;{\mu}g/ml$ in groups treated for 24 and 72 hr, respectively. Since $ID_{50}$ value of above $1000{\mu}g/ml$ indicates very weak cytotoxicity, the ginseng protein seems to exert very weak cytotoxic effect on CHO-K1 cells.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 1999

The aim of present study was to elucidate whether the expression of nm23 protein might be of clinical value as a prognostic factor in gastric cancer. The expression of nm23 protein was analyzed using an immunohistochemical method with formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tissue samples from 76 gastric carcinoma patients. The cytoplasmic immunoreactivity of nm23 protein were detected in 53.9% of the sample tissues(41/76). When the immunoreactivity of nm23 protein with TNM status and other histopathologic findings were compared by using Chi-Square test, nm23 was found to have correlations with lymph node metastasis(p=0.04), a number of metastatic lymph node, and the invasion of lymphatic vessels(p=0.007); however, it had no correlation with TNM status. The conventional prognostic factors such as the depth of invasion, the degree of lymph node metastasis and the presence of distant metastasis, a Borrmann type, size of tumor, and the curability with operation were found to have a strong correlation with the survival time(p<0.003). However, the expression of nm23 protein was not significantly correlated with survival time in survival analysis. These results showed that the expression of nm23 protein is not a useful prognostic indicator in gastric cancer.