• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.121-139
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the consumption pattern of school milk programs for elementary school students. The subjects were 518 students residing in Seoul area. The survey was conducted by using a self-administered questionnaire, and the collected data were analyzed by SAS package. Of the subjects, 88.2% of the students were provided with a school milk program, and the number of the students was higher in male students than in female ones(p<0.05). 81.8% of them drink milk every day from the school milk program. For the degree of satisfaction for milk served in the school milk program, 47.9% of the students were satisfied. An upset stomach after drinking milk and poor taste of milk were the main reasons why milk consumption decreased. Only 30.7% of the subjects perceived that they should drink milk in the school milk program. And the subjects anticipated that flavored milk and yogurt should be served to promote milk consumption in a school milk program. Therefore, a proper food guide and a dairy education program should be developed for elementary school students.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.275-292
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• 2011

In this research, we executed a questionnaire survey targeting men and women in 20' or more who reside in the metropolitan area and have experienced purchasing the vehicles in order to study how Promotion Mix Activity affects Brand equity, and ultimately what kind of relation it has with Purchase intention. In the statistical process of collected data, we analyzed the data by using SPSS 12.0 for Windows statistical package and AMOS 7.0 program. As the result of analysis, first, when we analyzed the relation of the Promotion Mix Activity and Brand Equity of the companies, the more affirmative the assessment on the advertising activities of the companies was, the higher the brand popularity, royalty and image increased, And it appeared that as the assessment on PR activities of the companies got more affirmative, the brand popularity, image and royalty increased. Second, as the result of the analysis of the relation between salespersons' Promotion Activities and Brand assets, it appeared that salespersons' social capacity improved Brand awareness and royalty and their strategic capacity improved Brand awareness, royalty and image. Third, seeing the result of the analysis on the relation between Brand equity and Purchase intention, it was shown that Brand popularity had a meaningful positive(+) effect upon satisfaction and repurchase(oral) intention, and Brand royalty had a meaningful positive(+) effect upon satisfaction and repurchase(oral) intention. In addition, it appeared that Brand image had a meaningful positive(+) effect upon satisfaction and repurchase(oral) intention, and finally it could be known that Brand assets had a close correlation with Purchase intention.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.9-20
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• 2012

The purpose of this research is to confirm how the determinant factors for shopping mall selection (proximity, parking facility, benefits, mutual interaction effects, physical environment, surroundings) affect attractiveness (image and appraisal) of the traditional markets and revisit intention and suggest strategic methods for revitalization of the traditional markets. Results of this research are drawn from a survey of customers who visit any of the twenty-two traditional markets in the Seoul area at least twice a week. Moreover, the theory is verified through the structural equation model analysis using the SPSS win 18.0 and AMOS 18 version statistics package. From the determinant factors of visiting traditional markets, parking facility, physical environment, and the surroundings were significant in image attractiveness; benefits, mutual interaction effects, and physical environment showed significant effects on appraisal attractiveness. Additionally, image attractiveness was not significantly influential in retention proneness while appraisal attractiveness was a key factor in deciding whether or not to revisit. Therefore, improvement in image is important but appraisal aspects like product reliability that customers can personally assess, are more essential for revitalization of traditional markets.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 2014

Entrepreneurship provides working opportunities to not only an entrepreneur himself but also many other people on the way its process. Boosting entrepreneurship, therefore, seems the most effective way for activating one's economy as well as creating jobs. This study examines factors that influence on entrepreneurial intention of Korean and Korean-Chinese's who will eventually be the potential entrepreneurs. This model tests various theoretical research hypotheses relating to individual psychological characteristics, and entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial intention. Valid 247 questionnaires have been collected within about one month of 2013. Statistical processing of the data collected from this survey to take advantage of the statistical package SPSS 18.0 program through a process of data coding in the following ways: by frequency analysis, factor analysis, regression analysis. The result of hypothesis testing are as follows. The result of analysis shows that risk-taking propensity and desire for self-achievement is not a significant factor to entrepreneurial intention in both countries. But entrepreneurial self-efficiency and entrepreneurial motivation positively influence entrepreneurial intention both of the Korean and Korean-Chinese. At the last, the study examines moderate effect, that is, whether social support influences on entrepreneurial intention as a moderate variable. it is confirmed that the social support does play a positive role to entrepreneurial intention. Beside, discussion is made on the implications of the study for academicians and practitioners, the limitations of the study, and some directions for future studies.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2000

From 1998, Oriental Medical Physicians(OMP) is distributed in Public Health Sector. but long term plan for Oriental Medicine in Public Health is not existed. So, this study is designed for the activation of OMP Subjects in this study were comprised 3 groups of oriental medicine related persons, the group of which are Students of 11 Oriental Medical Schools, Oriental Medical Physicians in Public Health Sector, Specialist Croup of Oriental medicine Policy(total 1,458 persons). Data were collected from July 1st to November 30, 1999. Direct interview with key persons, systematic interview by using of interview protocol, e-mail and facsimile have been conducted. The results of survey were coded by Excel 5.0, and analysed with SAS 6.12 statistical package. Inter-group difference determined by T-test, and descriptive statistics have been examined. Major findings can be epitomized as follows. 1) OMP disposition to multifarious organizations and institutes such as Public Health Centers, Public Health Sub-centers, Public Hospitals, Private Hospitals in Remote-Vulnerable Area, Community Social Welfare Centers, Institutes for Heath Policy Research, etc, will promise an effective use of Oriental Medical Physician. 2) Average number of patients treated by OMP was 22.8, average budget for oriental medical department, in which OMP were affiliated, was 39.6 million Won per year. Direct cost per every patient visit was 7,210.9 Won, which is considered expensive for public health service. Therefore, development and transformation for Oriental Medical Service in Public Health Sector is desirable in economic and political aspects. 3) It is recommended that ${\ulcorner}Advisory\;Committee{\lrcorner},{\ulcorner}Planning\;Commission\;for\; Public\;Health\;in\;Oriental\;Medicine{\lrcorner}$ should be established for the activation and for the support of Oriental Medical Physician in Public Health Sector, 4) Most effective programmes for oriental public health doctor are health service programmes for the elderly, Home health visit, chronic degenerative disease control services(p<0.001). 5) Standard guideline for facilities and equipments of Oriental Medicine Department in Public Health Center is needed for optimal supply of resources and activation of public health activity.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.327-341
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• 2000

Objectives : This study is to evaluate the status of health promotion behaviors and life styles in rural areas. Methods : A self-administered questionnaire survey was carried out for 1,350(men 461 persons, women ; 889 persons) people in rural areas ages of 30 years and older in Buk-myun, Uljn-Gun and Kikye-myun, Pohang-City, Kyungsangbuk-Do from March 13 to 25 in 1999. We established health promoting scores by using data results. Collected data was analyzed through the chi-square trend test, Student's t-test, ANOVA and multiple comparison. The data was analyzed using a SPSS/win statistical package. Results The age-adjusted prevalence of individual health promoting behavior by sex was 39.4% in men and 94.0% in women in regard to non smoking 39.4% and 92.5% in non-drinking 17.2% and 13.1% in physical exercise on a regular basis 79.8% and 80.0% in a regular diet 81.6% and 75.6% in maintaining desirable body mass index 81.2% and 78.2% in sufficient physical rest 84.2% and 82.1% in sufficient mental rest 48.4% and 40.6% in supplemental intake for health. The age-adjusted proportion for a screening examination in stomach cancer by sex was 39.9% in men and 37.1% in women 31.8% and 28.0% in liver cancer 17.0% and 12.7% in colon cancer 37.0% and 31.0% in undergoing a medical health screening. The health promoting scores were statistically significant, higher in the younger aged women's group(p<0.01). In spite of very low health promoting scores, some men thought of themselves healthy. Conclusions : The health promoting scores showed a gradual improvement as ages in men increase. Although men in ages of 30 to 40 were found to have lower scores in their health promoting scores, they were still to believe that none of health status is problematic. However, it was shown a vice-versa effect in women. They thought of their health as in a bad condition, but in measurement scores outranked their personal beliefs. In general, as ages increase one tends to consider of his or her health status poor. Therefore the plans for health improvement are needed to be come up.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.91-96
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the possibility of the existence of high-risk groups of dental caries and influential factors for the high-risk groups, as there was a possibility that certain people might especially be at risk of suffering from dental caries when decayed, missing, and filled teeth index were analyzed, which were the typical indicators of dental caries. The data of the 4th National Health & Nutrition Survey for 2007, 2008 and 2009 were analyzed. Significant caries index (SiC index) were calculated, which were one of the representative devices to indicate high-risk groups of dental caries, and the SiC index and related factors were analyzed by using $x^2$ (chi-square) test. Besides, logistic regression analysis was utilized to find out influential factors, and a statistical package STATA 11.0 was employed. As a result of analyzing what factors would be linked to high-risk groups of dental caries, it's found that women were more likely to belong to high-risk groups than men (p<0.01). How the related factors affected the high-risk groups was analyzed, and it's found that those who didn't find themselves to be in good oral health were more likely to be classified into a high-risk group, and that those who brushed their teeth three times a more a day on a regular basis were more likely to belong to a high-risk group than the others who didn't (p<0.01). Thus, SiC index were calculated in this study to confirm the existence of dental caries high-risk groups, and what factors impacted on the high-risk groups was ascertained. It's required to implement efficient national policies to step up the promotion of national oral health based on the findings of the study.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.681-689
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was conducted to investigate the perception of Korean kimchi among Americans' living in different areas in the United States. A questionnaire was given to males 126 (40.4%) and females 186 (59.6%) residing in Illinois and California. The results were as follows: 86.0% of the participants answered that kimchi was Korean in origin, and 84.1% reported that they had eaten kimchi. Additionally, 56.8% and 52.3% of the respondents in Illinois and California had purchased commercial kimchi at home-made. Among the kimchi they had experienced, out of the total respondents, 92.4% had eaten baechu kimchi, 45.5% had eaten mu kimchi and 42.4% had eaten oi kimchi (When the responses from the residents of Illinois were evaluated: 100.0% of the respondents had eaten baechu kimchi, while 47.7% had eaten mu kimchi, and 40.9% had eaten bak kimchi. Evaluation of the responses of residents from California revealed that: 88.6% had eaten baechu kimchi, 45.5% had eaten oi kimchi, and 44.3% had eaten mu kimchi respectively). For evaluation of the their kimchi preference of the overall population revealed that, 71.0% preferred baechu kimchi, 9.2% oi kimchi, and 8.4% mu kimchi (Of the respondents in Illinois: 69.8% preferred baechu kimchi, 14.0% mu kimchi and 7.0% bak kimchi, while for Californians: 71.6% preferred baechu kimchi, 11.4% oi kimchi and 8.0% bak kimchi, respectively). Regarding the primary reason they purchased commercial kimchi, 64.9% responded 'its taste' (67.4% in Illinois and 63.6% in California), additionally, 40.0% stated of the package they purchased was 200g (51.2% in Illinois and 34.5% in California). After having eaten kimchi, 45.5% answer reported that it tasted good, and the their primary reason for liking kimchi was its, 'spicy and hot taste' (51.3%), The main reasons for not liking kimchi were the odor (garlic, ginger, anchovy juice, etc) and it being too spicy, respectively. Regarding improvements for its expanded consumption, 25.0% answered 'not to improve', 22.7% answered 'reduce the strength of the strong seasoning', and 20.5% answered 'to allow over-ripening'.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.193-200
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• 2006

The objective of this study was to identify factors affecting the job satisfaction of cooks employed in school foodservice and to propose a plan to improve school foodservice quality. Therefore, in this paper, we examined the job satisfaction of 119 elementary school foodservice employees in the Northern Gyeonggi Province using a 5-point scale method. The results were analyzed by the SPSS Package Program(Ver 12.0) to determine percentages and frequency. Among the employees, 99.2% were women, and 75.9% were employed by contract. All of the subjects worked in elementary schools with self operated foodservice system and 57.6% of them served food in the classroom. The total number of diners served by these foodservice programs was $1,391.6{\pm}307.6$ an average of $135.0{\pm}18.2$ diners per cook. Among the foodservice employees, 82.2% had completed high school academic courses, and 98.4% had never changed jobs. Their overall degree of job satisfaction degree was relatively high at $3.05{\pm}0.85$, but the wage and welfare system($2.45{\pm}0.86$), and the merit rating methods($2.25{\pm}0.87$) ranked among the lowest in the job satisfaction survey. On the other hand, the relationships between the managers and the coworkers marked relatively higher at $3.02{\pm}1.03$, compared with other aspects of job satisfaction. As for the work environment, the scaled score was $2.38{\pm}0.85$. Finally the ranking of achieving job improvement through education($3.28{\pm}0.93$), and the effectiveness of education($3.58{\pm}0.78$) showed us the importance and necessity of education.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.173-185
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• 2003

This study mainly intends to determine the factors for which dental technicians are satisfied with their jobs and how much the resulting job transfer rate is and thus to identify the correlation between them. For these purpose, 200 subjects were sampled out of dental technicians in Seoul and Incheon, and the survey was performed from July 19, 2002 to August 15 (for 25 days) with self-administered questionnaire. Out of all collected questionnaires, 131 pieces(65.5%) were addressed for this study. As for the tools for this study, the structured questionnaire was used with its proven reliability and feasibility, and the contents of questionnaire consisted of 32 questions on the basis of related references. The contents of questionnaire were categorized into 3 sections: General attribute of subjects; Factors for which dental technicians are satisfied with their jobs; and their intention of job transfer. The questionnaire consisted of total 32 questions which included general attribute of subjects(10 questions), factors of their satisfaction with jobs(17 questions) and intention of job transfer(5 questions). The data analysis was processed by computerized system with SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Statistical analysis techniques included frequency, percentage, T-test, F-test analysis and regression analysis. As a result of those analyses, the conclusion can be summarized as follows: 1. As a result of analyzing the factors for which the subjects were satisfied with their jobs, it was found that there were significant differences in career and job title out of question items(P<0.001). It was also shown that the factors of subjects' satisfaction averaged 3.43, which was considerably higher value than I expected. It was found that job and management factors were major job satisfaction factors. 2. As a result of analyzing the intention of subjects to decide their job transfer, it was found that there were significant differences in job title and marital status out of question items(P<0.001). It was shown that the total average of the intention of their job transfer amounted to 3.06. It was shown that dental technicians have relatively higher intention of job transfer from their current work place. 3. It was found that there was inverse correlation between the factors of subjects' satisfaction with their jobs and their intention of job transfer(r=-0.490, P<0.05). Likewise, it was also found that there was inverse correlation mostly between the evaluation value for each independent variable region in term of each factor of job satisfaction and the value for the intention of job transfer. In view of these correlations, it was concluded that higher job satisfaction likely led to lower job transfer. 4. As a result of regression analysis so as to determine the influences of job satisfaction factors on the intention of job transfer, it was found that the highest influential factor was management factor. And it was shown that the test values of model were statistically significant and its explanatory power amounted to 54.6%.