• Title/Summary/Keyword: Surplus water

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A Study on the Production of Hydrogen Energy According to Installed Capacity of Energy Storage System on Campus (대학 캠퍼스 내 에너지저장장치 연계에 따른 잉여 수소에너지 생산에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Bong-Gi;Jun, Jong-Hyun;Kim, Sung-Yul
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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    • v.67 no.2
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    • pp.94-99
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    • 2018
  • Depending on how the energy storage system(ESS) is used in a system that can construct a microgrid by using an independent power source such as campus, surplus power can be generated that can not be charged to the ESS. For example, assuming that heat is supplied by a fuel cell in the case of a system in which thermal self-sustaining is prioritized, the fuel cell capacity required differs depending on the heat load. The amount of surplus power that can not be stored in the ESS will appear differently depending on the load operation of the fuel cell for each cycle. This power is hydrogenated through a water electrolytic device to present the amount of hydrogen energy that can be operated for each cycle. Therefore, this paper propose the possibility of utilizing University campus as a hydrogen station.

Estimation of N-balance and Agronomical Approaches to Minimizing Nitrogen Pollution in Korea Agriculture (한국 국토의 질소부하화 질소오염 방지대책)

  • 류종원
    • Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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    • v.3 no.2
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    • pp.125-131
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    • 1997
  • This paper was discussed N-balance of the republic of Korea. About 397Kg N/ha was inputted into the chemical fertilizer, animal feed, precipitation and nitrogen fixation. About 15kg N/ha was outputted from the Korea. The amount of N surplus was 397kg N/ha and loaded into environment. This causes the problem of water, air and soil pollution. It should take measures to improve the situation, such as depending more on selfsufficient feed and using nutrient cycling functions of soils.

Estimation of Water Balance based on Satellite Data in the Korean Peninsula (人工衛星 資料에 근거한 한반도 물수지 분포의 推定)

  • 신사철
    • Water for future
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    • v.29 no.5
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    • pp.203-214
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    • 1996
  • Quantifying water balance components is crucial to understanding the basic hydrology and hydrochemistry. An importance of water balance has been suggested in order to grasp actual condition of water resources and environmental changes including climatic changes. The present paper proposes an evaluation method of the water balance components based on vegetation monitoring from remote sensing data. In this study, evapotranspiration model adopts a directmethod by using NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) calculated from NOAA/AVHRR data and the detailed description of water balance by using the evapotranspiration in all over the Korean Peninsula. Areal distribution data sets of evapotranspiration in all over the Korean Peninsula. Areal distribution data sets of evapotranspiration, runoff ratio, water surplus and deficit are produced using NDVI and simplified water balance model. This method enables to discuss the hydrological problems for North Korea where enough meteorological and hydrological data are unavailable.

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Effect of Soil Moisture and Texture on Saikosaponins Content and Antioxidative Enzyme Activities in Bupleurum falcatum L. (재배토양의 수분 및 토성이 시호의 생육상황 및 항산화효소 활성에 미치는 영향)

  • 정형진;신동현;이인중;권순태;임종국;유정민;정규영;김길웅
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.95-103
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    • 2000
  • To study the effects of soil moisture and texture on characteristics of growth, content of saikosaponins and activity of antioxidative enzymes in Bupleurum falcatum L., content of saikosaponins(a, c and d) and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) were investigated with two Bupleurum genotypes(Jangsoo and Samdo). Two Bupleurum genotypes were grown under different soil moisture(deficit, normal, surplus) and soil texture(sandy, sandy loam, loam) conditions. Among the tested soil conditions, dry weight accumulation rate of both cultivars could be ranked in the order surplus > normal > deficit soil for soil moisture and sandy > sandy loam > loam for soil texture. Under the surplus soil condition, growth retardation of Samdo cultivar was more severer than that of Jangsoo. Furthermore, content of saikosaponin a, d, and c also could be ranked in the order deficit > normal > surplus and sandy > sandy loam > loam for soil moisture and texture, respectively. Although both Jangsoo and Samdo cultivars grown under water deficit condition showed the highest POD and SOD activity, in general POD and SOD activity in both shoot and root was remarkably high in Jangsoo cultivar compared with Samdo. Saikosaponin content of root was positively correlated with POD and SOD. However, shoot and root length were negatively correlated with POD.

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Effect of Cultivation Activity in Daecheong Lake Flood Control Site on Water Quality (대청호 홍수조절지 내 경작활동이 수질에 미치는 영향)

  • Choi, Hyeseon;Jeon, Minsu;Kim, Leehyung
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.49-58
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    • 2020
  • The excessive use of fertilizer and compost in agricultural land increases the accumulation of nutrients in soil. The surplus nutrients in soil transported through surface and sub-surface flow can lead to water pollution problems and algal bloom. Moreover, nutrient accumulation and continuous crop cultivation changes the physical structure of the soil, which increases the potential of nutrient. The cultivation in the Daecheong Lake reservoir area may have a direct effect on the lake's water quality due to leaching and releasing of nutrients when water level rises. This research was carried out to analyze the physical and chemical properties of soil in the agricultural areas surrounding Daecheong Dam reservoir to provide basic data available for the establishment of Daecheong Lake water quality management measures. The soil of the Daecheong Lake reservoir was classified as sandy Loam, where surplus nutrients can be transported. Chemical compositions in the soil were found to be significantly affected by use of different fertilizer amounts. Nutrient outflow occurred during spring rainfall events from the rice paddy fields, whereas excess nutrients from summer to fall seasons originated from dry paddy fields. Nutrient outflow from dry paddy fields is mainly from sub-surface flow. Organic agricultural wastes from agricultural land and excessive vegetation inside the river was also evaluated to contribute to the increase in organic matter and nutrients of the river. The results can be used to select the priority management area designation and management techniques in the Daecheong Lake for water quality improvement.

Thermal performance of solar cooling and hot water for the demonstration system (태양열 실증 시스템의 냉방 및 급탕 일일 열성능)

  • Lee, Ho;Kim, Sang-Jin;Joo, Hong-Jin;Kwak, Hee-Youl
    • Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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    • 2007.11a
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    • pp.564-569
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    • 2007
  • This study describes thermal performance of solar cooling and hot water for demonstration system with ETSC(Evacuated tubular solar collector) installed at Seo-gu art center of Kwangju. For demonstration study, a reading room with about 350㎡ was heated and cooled with the solar system. The system was consisted of ETSCs, storage tank, hot water supply tank, subsidiary boiler, subsidiary tank, absorption chiller, chiller storage tank, and cooling tower. The results of the experimental study indicated that the total solar energy gain as daily performance on a sunny day (August 25, 2007) with total daily radiation of $606\;W/m^2$ was 671 kWh, the collecting efficiency of 55%. In the case of supplies to heat source more than $83^{\circ}C$, cooling time operated by solar was driven 8.8 hours, cooling energy generated by solar system was 179 kWh and the solar cooling fraction was 79.2%, and hot water supplied with surplus heat source by the solar system was 201 kWh.

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Water Supply Stability Analysis using Reliability Indices for Water Distribution Network (신뢰도 지수를 활용한 상수관망의 용수공급 안정성 분석)

  • Jeong, Gimoon;Kang, Doosun
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2017.05a
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    • pp.65-65
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    • 2017
  • 상수관망 시스템(Water Distribution System, WDS)은 원활한 용수 공급을 위해 구축된 사회기반시설물로써, 물 공급절차에 따라 그 구성요소를 공급원, 공급 경로, 수요지 등의 범주로 구분할 수 있다. 원활한 물 공급이란 수요지에서 요구하는 수량과 압력 수준을 충족시키는 것을 의미하며, 따라서 상수관망의 용수공급능력은 요구 수량 및 압력과 실제 공급 결과를 비교함으로써 가늠할 수 있다. 과거에는 두 가지 기준을 별도로 산정하여 이를 평가하였으나, 유량과 압력을 함께 고려할 수 있는 에너지 기반의 평가 방법이 제시되면서 시스템 내 에너지 분포를 정량화하여 시스템의 용수공급능력을 평가하는 연구가 주목받고 있다. 세계적으로 많은 연구자들은 시스템 내 에너지 흐름 상태를 정량화함으로써 다양한 형태의 상수관망의 신뢰도지수(Reliability Index)를 제안한 바 있다. 이 때, 대부분의 신뢰도 지수 연구에서는 수요지에 공급된 에너지를 기본적으로 유지해야 하는 최소요구 에너지(Required Energy)와 비상 상황에 대응하기 위한 잉여 에너지(Surplus Energy)로 구분하고 있으며, 잉여 에너지를 상수관망의 공급 안정성을 나타내는 핵심 요소로 활용하고 있다. 확보된 잉여 에너지는 비상시 최소요구 에너지를 대체하는 개념에서 복원력으로 표현되어, 잘 알려진 Resilience Index(RI)를 비롯해 많은 복원력 지수가 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 복원력 지수를 포함한 세 가지의 신뢰도 지수를 적용하여 상수관망의 용수공급 상황 변화에 따른 시스템의 안정성을 분석하였다. 특히, 절점별 복원력 지수를 산정하고 그 분포를 공간적으로 도시하여 파악함으로써, 비상시 효율적인 운영을 위한 판단기준으로써 신뢰도 지수를 폭 넓게 활용할 수 있음을 제시하였다.

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Development and Application of Water Balance Network Model in Agricultural Watershed (농업용수 유역 물수지 분석 모델 개발 및 적용)

  • Yoon, Dong-Hyun;Nam, Won-Ho;Koh, Bo-Sung;Kim, Kyung-Mo;Jo, Young-Jun;Park, Jin-Hyeon
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.66 no.3
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    • pp.39-51
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    • 2024
  • To effectively implement the integrated water management policy outlined in the National Water Management Act, it is essential to analyze agricultural water supply and demand at both basin and water district levels. Currently, agricultural water is primarily distributed through open canal systems and controlled by floodgates, yet the utilization-to-supply ratio remains at a mere 48%. In the case of agricultural water, when analyzing water balance through existing national basin water resource models (K-WEAP, K-MODISM), distortion of supply and regression occurs due to calculation of regression rate based on the concept of net water consumption. In addition, by simplifying the complex and diverse agricultural water supply system within the basin into a single virtual reservoir, it is difficult to analyze the surplus or shortage of agricultural water for each field within the basin. There are limitations in reflecting the characteristics and actual sites of rural water areas, such as inconsistencies with river and reservoir supply priority sites. This study focuses on the development of a model aimed at improving the deficiencies of current water balance analysis methods. The developed model aims to provide standardized water balance analysis nationwide, with initial application to the Anseo standard watershed. Utilizing data from 32 facilities within the standard watershed, the study conducted water balance analysis through watershed linkage, highlighting differences and improvements compared to existing methods.

Investigation of Water Quality and Irrigation Water Use Possibility of Reservoirs Near Saemangeum for Upland and Horticultural Fields (전작.원예단지 조성을 위한 새만금 인근 주요 저수지의 수질조사 및 용수이용 가능성 연구)

  • Song, Jae-Do;Son, Jae-Gwon;Choe, Jin-Gyu;Kim, Yeong-Ju
    • KCID journal
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.214-224
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    • 2007
  • This study was carried out to investigate of water quality and irrigation water use possibility of reservoirs near Saemangeum for upland and horticultural fields. Water samples were taken at 6 reservoirs for 5 months from June, 2006 to November, 2006. The water temperature, pH, EC, EC, chlorophyll - a of 6 reservoirs were ranged 8.7-$31.2^circC$, 6.9-9.2, 73.0-637.0$\mu$S/cm, 0.9-443.2mg/$m^3$, respectively. The concentration of DO, BOD, COD, T-N, T-P and SS were ranged 5.7-11.7mg/L, 0.5-8.9mg/L, 2.9-18.0mg/L, 0.07-6.52mg/L, 0.002-0.406mg/L, 0.5-54.0mg/L Also, storage ratio and storage capacity of Mije reservoir, Okgu reservoir, Oknyeo reservoir, Neungje reservoir were decreased between June and April, but those of Oksan reservoir was kept high during irrigation period. Water supply of reservoirs was 4,474,100$m^3$(Oksan), 6,165,900$m^3$(Mije), 13,209,900$m^3$(Okgu), 4,675,600$m^3$(Oknyeo), 7,682,000$m^3$(Neungje), 19,231,000$m^3$(Cheongho) in 2006, respectively. It is resevoirs for upland and horticultural fields that use main irrigation water resources before Saemanguem fresh-water lake development, and use assistance irrigation water resources in emergency after Saemanguem fresh-water lake development. In the meantime, for continuous use of reservoir as irrigation water resource for upland and horticultural fields, we must examine about surplus water capacity, and need investigation about supply possibility of irrigation water, condition of irrigation water, water quality.

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A Study of Water Transfer between Han River and Nakdong River Basins (한강-낙동강 유역간 물이동 분석)

    • Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.483-490
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    • 1998
  • The possibility of water transfer from Han river basin to Nakdong river basin by connecting them is studied as an alternative to solve water shortage problem in Nakdong river basin. After estimating the amount of water shortage from Nakdong river basin, the amount of water surplus from Han river basin is estimated by using simulation and optimization techniques. HEC-5 is used to study small to medium size reservoirs as a simulation technique and dynamic programming is used to study multi-purpose reserviors as an optimization technique. Also, the cost of the interbasin water transfer from Han river basin to Nakdong river basin is also compared with that of constructing new reserviors in Nakdong river basin. If new reservoirs are constructed in Nakdong river basin as planned, water supply can satisfy various water demands until 2021 without the interbasin water transfer. In economic point of view, constructing new reserviors has an advantage over the interbasin water transfer.

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