• 핵의학기술
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2009

목적 : 분화된 갑상선암 환자에서 방사성옥소(I-131)를 이용한 전신스캔은 보통 수술 후 잔여 갑상선 조직, 재발된 병변 부위 또는 전이 병소 등을 찾는데 유용한 방법이다. 최근 고선량 방사성동위원소를 이용한 치료는 증가 추세에 있으며, 동위원소 치료를 위한 입원대기는 수개월씩 지연되고 있다. 본원에서는 정화조 설비를 확장하여 주당 치료 가능 인원이 증가되었고 이로 인해 I-131 전신스캔 환자가 늘어나면서 검사시간 또한 증가되었다. 이를 개선하기 위해 본 연구에서는 기존의 검사시간을 단축하면서 병소의 위치를 정확하게 구별할 수 있도록 Transmission scan tool을 제작하여 우수한 분해능을 가진 전신영상을 얻고자 한다. 실험재료 및 방법 : 2008년 2월부터 7월까지 본과를 내원하고 ORBITER Gamma Camera를 이용하여 I-131 전신스캔을 시행하는 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 먼저 전신 스캔을 시행한 후 Transmission scan를 위해 검사 Table에 Rail을 설치하고 $^{99m}Tc$-pertechnetate 2 mCi를 희석한 Flood phantom을 올려놓을 수 있는 Tool을 자체 제작하여 Transmission image를 얻어 전신 스캔에 Fusion 하였다. 결과 : I-131 전신스캔과 Transmission scan의 Fusion된 영상은 간단한 marking을 통하여 구강이나 침샘부위, neck 부위의 병소, 전이병소의 위치를 감별하는데 우수한 분해능을 가진다. 또한 추가적인 국소 영상이 불필요하여 8~28분 정도의 검사 소요시간을 단축할 수 있었다. 결론 및 고찰 : I-131 전신스캔에서 Transmission scan은 방사능의 감약을 통하여 체표면의 윤곽을 정확히 나타낼 수 있으며 미리 시행한 I-131 전신스캔과의 Fusion 영상을 통하여 분해능을 향상시킴으로서 잔여 갑상선 조직이나 전이병소 등의 위치를 나타내는데 유용하다. 또한 추가적인 국소영상 촬영이 불필요함에 따라 검사에 소요되는 시간을 단축할 수 있고, 체표면 윤곽을 나타내어 해부학적 위치를 파악하는데 도움을 줄 수 있는 다른 임상검사에도 확대 적용할 수 있을 것이다.

• 치과방사선
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.137-144
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• 1992

This study was performed to observe the effects of arthrography on the tissues of temporomandibular joint histopathologically. Among 17 rabbits (34 joints), 2 (4 joints) were used as normal control group, others (30 joints) were experimentally arthrographed using 0.03㎖ diatrizoate meglumine (Hypaque meglumine 60, Wintrop, U.S.A). The rabbits were sacrificed at 2-hour, 1-, 2-, 4- and 7-day after experiment and the tissues of temporomandibular joint were prepared according to the usual method for light microscopic examination. The results were as follows: 1. There were no changes of the fibrous connective tissues of the condylar fossa, the fibrous connective tissues and hyaline cartilages of the condyle, and the articular dislc 2. In 2-hour experimental group, the proliferation of the surface synovial membrane cells, the congestion and hemorrage of the vessels were observed. 3. In 1 and 2-day experimental group, minimal lymphocytes infiltration was observed with the proliferation of the surface synovial membrane cells, the congestion and hemorrage of the vessels. 4. In 4-day experimental group, the diminution of the proliferation of the surface synovial membrane cells was seen, but there was no vascular changes. 5. In 7-day experimental group, the tissues showed similar appearance to the normal control group.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2003

This study is to improve the worst lightfastness of a natural dye. To modify the fiber surface, low temperature oxygen plasma was carried out on silk fabric. The result is followed below after the examination of surface shape, dyeability, color change, UV absorbent influence and lightfastness. 1. When electric discharge outputs are 60W, 80W and 100w, and processing times are 10minutes, 20minutes and 40minutes, the etching effect of surface increased as electric discharge outputs and processing times increased. 2. When examined UV absorbent for 5hours, 10hours, 20hours, 40hours and 80hours, the value changes of E are 1.47, 2.51, 2.91, 3.71, 4.51 and 5.31 in case of Al pre-mordanting/ prasma 80W, 20min./ UVabsorbent 5% (100:1), 2.31, 2.47, 3.84, 3.90, 3.61 and 4.42 in case of Al pre-mordanting/prasma 80W, 20min.1 UV absorbent 5% (o.w.f.). The lightfastness decreased when UV absorbent increased. 3. Dyeability of the samples pre-treated with five different methods was in the following order: plasma processing for 20minutes at 60W/Al pre-mordanting > Al pre-mordanting > plasma processing for 20minutes at 60W > Al after-mordanting. non mordanting Plasma treatment had superior effect on dyeability. 4. When UV absorbent was applied in fabric, the sample under higher electric discharge out puts showed more effective in improving lightfastness.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.186-196
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• 1997

The IR crystallinity index of Calcium nitrate treated silk fiber decreased proportionally to the concentration of calcium nitrate. A partial change of conformation was observed in the concentration of over 46.4-47.6% changing from $\beta$-sheet or to random coil in the crystalline region. This is in coincidence with the result of crystallinity index, which was started to be reduced in the concentration range of 46.4-47.6%. A same trend was observed for the X-ray order factor, birefringence, degree of orientation and surface structure. These structural parameters were remarkably changed on the treatment of silk fibers with concentration of 46.4-17, 6% calcium nitrate. Therefore, it seems that there exists a critical concentration of calcium nitrate in affection the structure and morphology of silk fibers. According to the examination of surface morphology, the fine stripe was observed in the direction of fiber axis at 46.4% concentration. However, the treated concentration was exceeded by 47.6%, the cracks were appeared severely on the fiber surface in the transverse direction as well as fiber axis direction. This result might be related to the tensile properties, specially a tenacity of silk fibers. As a result of quantitative analysis of a dilute acid hydrolysis, three different regions, which are known as a amorphous, semi-crystalline and crystalline region, could be obtained. The hydrolysis rate curves were different with various concentrations of treatment and the relative contents of each region could be calculated.

• Plant Resources
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2002

Microscopic techniques were used to observe the microstructure of rice husk. Microscopic examination showed that two main components of husk, lemma and palea consisted of outer epidermis, layers of fibers, vascular bundles, parenchyma cells, and inner epidermis, in sequence from the outer to the inner surface. The outer epidermal walls were extremely thick, highly convoluted and lignified. The underlying fibers were also thick-walled and lignified. Parenchyma cells were thin-walled and unlignified. Inner epidermal cells were also unlignified. The outer surface of both lemma and palea were conspicuously ridged, but the lower surface had a flat appearance. As part of a detailed study to characterize rice husk using microscopic and micro-analytical techniques, distribution of silica was also examined, and is presented elsewhere. Rice husk can potentially be used as a raw material for making composite products and the observations presented here form valuable background information for our future work related to product development.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.2771-2776
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• 2000

In this work, the effect of surface treatment of prepreg on the mode I fracture behavior was studied. Unidirectional (0-deg) double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens were used for fracture tests. Two groups of DCB specimens were made: the first group was made of prepregs surface-treated by Ar(sup)+ ion beam under oxygen environment and the second group was made of regular prepregs. For both groups, fracture resistance curve (R-curve) was determined and compared to each other, Results showed that resistance behavior of the first group is better than that of the second group. That is, mode I fracture toughness, G(sub)Ic of the first group is 24% larger than that of the second group. SEM examination shows that the improvement of G(sub)Ic is due to the increase of interfacial strength between plies.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.218-224
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• 2008

A recent trend in automotive parts has been an integration of sub-assemblies with unified shapes. Tube structures also have been integrated to one body structure by using a near net shape forming instead of adopting welding. A cylindrical elastomer-forming process can be utilized to form a steel tube compressed in a radial direction. This process has some advantages compared to a hydro-forming or a swaging process in the viewpoint of a lower investment and a higher productivity. In order to predict a feasible specification of products within a work capability of the elastomer-forming equipment developed previously, effects of geometrical parameters of a tube on its shape accuracy are examined. Two characteristic parameters to account for the shape accuracy are chosen. One is the curvature radius at the corner part and the other is the straight ratio of the formed region. Careful examination of two parameters has led that the shape accuracy can be easily predicted by the regression equation obtained from the response surface method.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.521-526
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• 1998

The physicochmical properties of recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen (r-HBsAg), which was expressed in C127 mammalian cell were studied. Using roller bottle culture in DMEM supplemented with fetal bovine serum, 10-15 mg/L of r-HBsAg was produced with about 31% of purification yield. The purity of r-HBsAg by HPLC was 99.8% and electron microscopic examination showed homogeneous spherical particle with 22 nm in diameter, a morphological characteristic of HBsAg. The density of r-HBsAg by CsCI density gradient method was 1.19g/ml and the isoelectric point by Mono $P^{TM}$ HR 5/20 column was 4.6. The analysis of subunit protein pattern using SDS-PAGE followed by scanning densitometry gave 81.3% of S protein and 18.7% of pre-S protein. fluorophore-assisted-carbohydrate-electrophoresis analysis showed the relative amount of carbohydrate to protein was 1.7% and it smajr component was N-acetyl glucosamine, which was about 39% of total carbohydrate. The relative amount of lipid to protein determined by vanillin phosphoric acid method was 32.5% and its major component was phospholipid, which was about 70% of total lipid. The physicochemical properties of C127 mammalian cell-derved r-HBsAg are similar to those of p-HBsAg, suggesting that the r-HBsAg can be used in developing a new preventive vaccine against hepatitis B.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1037-1043
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• 1994

The effects of annealing atmosphere and temperature on piezoelectricity (k33) and the mechanical strength of machined PZT was studied. Morphotropic Nb-doped PZT was sintered, machined to a rod and then annealed between 80$0^{\circ}C$ and 100$0^{\circ}C$ in air, PbZrO3, and CuO atmospheres respectively. In air or PbZrO3 atmosphere, the compressive strength of Nb-doped PZT increased by 12% with little change in k33 irrespective of annealing temperature. In CuO atmosphere, on the other hand, the compressive strength increased by 20% with little change in k33 at 80$0^{\circ}C$ but both turned to significant decrease above 90$0^{\circ}C$. The examination of the phase distribution and microstructure beneath the surface of CuO-treated PZT revealed that the changes in compressive strength and k33 are closely related to the reaction between PZT and vaporized CuO:liquid PbO precipitated in shallow surface region by the substitution of Cu to Pb sites enhances the decrease in microcracks and the surface roughness at 80$0^{\circ}C$ ; rapid evaporation of precipitated PbO expands a porous region of changed composition into the bulk above 90$0^{\circ}C$.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.37-50
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• 1980

Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) examination on the labial surface of 91 permanent upper incisors were made after etching procedure with phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydro chloric acid, oxalic acid, formic acid, citric acid and zinc phosphate liquid for 2 minutes. Following results were obtained. 1. In the surfaces etched by 10%. 50% phosphoric acid, 50% sulfuric acid, 10%. 30% nitric acid, 10%. 50% oxalic acid, 10%. 30%. 50% formic acid, 30%. 50% citric acid and zinc phosphate liquid, there appeared to be a preferential removal of prism cores, but in the surfaces etched by 10% phosphoric acid, 50% nitric acid, 10%. 30% hydrochloric acid and 30% oxalic acid, the prism peripheries were removed preferentially. 2. According to Silverstone classification on enamel etching pattern the surface treated by zinc phosphate liquid, 30. 50% citric acid, 10%. 30%. 50% formic acid, 10%. 50% oxalic acid, 10%. 30% nitric acid, 50% sulfuric acid and 10%. 50%. phosphoric acid showed Type 1, and etched by 30% oxalic acid, 10%. 30% hydrochloric acid, 50% nitric acid and 10% phosphoric acid showed Type II. Etching of prism cores was by far the most common occurence. The changes produced could be related to intrinsic differences in histology and / or solubility of enamel.