• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.1015-1020
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• 2012

Antifungal cement mortar or microbiological calcium carbonate precipitation on cement surface has been investigated as functional concrete research. However, these research concepts have never been fused with each other. In this study, we introduced the antifungal calcite-forming bacteria (CFB) Bacillus aryabhattai KNUC205, isolated from an urban tunnel (Daegu, South Korea). The major fungal deteriogens in urban tunnel, Cladosporium sphaerospermum KNUC253, was used as a sensitive fungal strain. B. aryabhattai KNUC205 showed $CaCO_3$ precipitation on B4 medium. Cracked cement mortar pastes were made and neutralized by modified methods. Subsequently, the mixture of B. aryabhattai KNUC205, conidiospore of C. sphaerospermum KNUC253, and B4 agar was applied to cement cracks and incubated at $18^{\circ}C$ for 16 days. B. aryabhattai KNUC205 showed fungal growth inhibition against C. sphaerospermum. Furthermore, B. aryabhattai KNUC205 showed crack remediation ability and water permeability reduction of cement mortar pastes. Taken together, these results suggest that the $CaCO_3$ precipitation and antifungal properties of B. aryabhattai KNUC205 could be used as an effective sealing or coating material that can also prevent deteriorative fungal growth. This study is the first application and evaluation research that incorporates calcite formation with antifungal capabilities of microorganisms for an environment-friendly and more effective protection of cement materials. In this research, the conception of microbial construction materials was expanded.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.354-361
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• 2005

In high speed cutting process, due to the friction between the tool and workpiece, a temperature rise of contacting part is serious. It need to develop cutting tool for overcoming such a poor condition. So now, some studies, the optimization of tool shapes, the fine grains of tool material, multi-layer coating of tools are processing. If mirror finishing on the tool is processed, there is advantage of relation between chip and tool, because of less friction, and also tool's lift would be increased. As a result mirror like finishing is expected efficient enhancement of tool. Generally, it is too difficult to process by a general way for tools of complex shapes, it is required a new method to process such complex shape tools. The magnetic fluid polishing technique can polish the workpiece of complex shape, because the polishing method which polishes as compress the workpiece by the magnetism abrasives to arrange to the linear according to the line of magnetic force. In this paper, We polished the surface of the high speed cutting tool using the magnetic fluid polishing technique, to enhance the performance of the high speed cutting tool.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.404-412
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• 2019

Objective: To assess shear bond strength and failure mode (Adhesive Remnant Index, ARI) of orthodontic brackets bonded to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) blocks for computer-aided design/manufacture (CAD/CAM) fabrication of temporary restorations, following substrate chemical or mechanical treatment. Methods: Two types of PMMA blocks were tested: $CAD-Temp^{(R)}$ (VITA) and $Telio^{(R)}$ CAD (Ivoclar-Vivadent). The substrate was roughened with 320-grit sandpaper, simulating a fine-grit diamond bur. Two universal adhesives, Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (SU) and Assure Plus (AP), and a conventional adhesive, Transbond XT Primer (XTP; control), were used in combination with Transbond XT Paste to bond the brackets. Six experimental groups were formed: (1) $CAD-Temp^{(R)}/SU$; (2) $CAD-Temp^{(R)}/AP$; (3) $CAD-Temp^{(R)}/XTP$; (4) $Telio^{(R)}$ CAD/SU; (5) $Telio^{(R)}$ CAD/AP; (6) $Telio^{(R)}$ CAD/XTP. Shear bond strength and ARI were assessed. On 1 extra block for each PMMA-based material surfaces were roughened with 180-grit sandpaper, simulating a normal/medium-grit ($100{\mu}m$) diamond bur, and brackets were bonded. Shear bond strengths and ARI scores were compared with those of groups 3, 6. Results: On $CAD-Temp^{(R)}$ significantly higher bracket bond strengths than on $Telio^{(R)}$ CAD were recorded. With XTP significantly lower levels of adhesion were reached than using SU or AP. Roughening with a coarser bur resulted in a significant increase in adhesion. Conclusions: Bracket bonding to CAD/CAM PMMA can be promoted by grinding the substrate with a normal/medium-grit bur or by coating the intact surface with universal adhesives. With appropriate pretreatments, bracket adhesion to CAD/CAM PMMA temporary restorations can be enhanced to clinically satisfactory levels.

• Composites Research
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.429-434
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 구조물에 부착된 분포형 광섬유 센서의 변형률을 정밀하게 분석하기 위해 위치에 따른 변형률의 변화를 고려하여 광섬유 센서의 변형률 전달률을 분석하였다. 표면에 부착된 코팅된 광섬유 센서의 모델로부터 해석적으로 광섬유 센서의 변형률 전달률을 유도하였으며, 유도된 변형률 전달률은 유한요소해석을 통해 수치적으로 해석한 결과와 비교 검증하였다. 주 구조물의 변형률이 동일한 파장을 가지며 변하는 경우 센서의 변형률 전달률은 위치에 따라 동일한 값을 보였으며, 따라서 변형률 분포의 형상은 왜곡되지 않는다. 하지만 위치에 따라 변형률 파장이 변하면 변형률의 전달률이 위치에 따라 달라져 변형률 분포의 형상이 왜곡될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 얻어진 파장에 따른 변형률 전달률은 분포형 광섬유 센서로부터 주 구조물의 변형률 분포를 정밀하게 추정하는데 유용하게 사용될 것으로 기대된다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.348-355
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• 2023

마그네슘 이차전지는 기존에 사용되고 있는 리튬이온전지를 대체할 수 있는 가능성으로 인해 많은 주목을 받고 있다. 마그네슘 이차전지용 양극활물질인 Mo₆S₈을 MSS (Molten Salt Synthesis)법으로 합성하였고, Mo₆S₈의 전기화학적 특성을 향상시키기 위하여 탄소소재인 PVC (Poly Vinyl Chloride)를 첨가하여 탄화시켰다. 물질의 결정 구조와 크기, 표면 상태는 XRD (X-ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope)으로 분석하였다. 전기화학적 특성은 배터리충방전기를 이용하여 충·방전 프로파일과 출력 특성 등을 측정하였다. PVC를 2.81 wt% 첨가한 물질의 경우, 0.125 C-rate에서 85.8 mAh/g, 0.5 C-rate에서 69.2 mAh/g, 1 C-rate에서 60.5 mAh/g의 용량을 나타내어 우수한 출력특성을 보여주었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.491-496
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• 2023

As the demand for p-type semiconductors increases, much effort is being put into developing new p-type materials. This demand has led to the development of novel new p-type semiconductors that go beyond existing p-type semiconductors. Copper iodide (CuI) has recently received much attention due to its wide band gap, excellent optical and electrical properties, and low temperature synthesis. However, there are limits to its use as a semiconductor material for thin film transistor devices due to the uncontrolled generation of copper vacancies and excessive hole doping. In this work, p-type CuI semiconductors were fabricated using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process for thin-film transistor (TFT) applications. The vacuum process has advantages over conventional solution processes, including conformal coating, large area uniformity, easy thickness control and so on. CuI thin films were fabricated at various deposition temperatures from 150 to 250 ℃ The surface roughness root mean square (RMS) value, which is related to carrier transport, decreases with increasing deposition temperature. Hall effect measurements showed that all fabricated CuI films had p-type behavior and that the Hall mobility decreased with increasing deposition temperature. The CuI TFTs showed no clear on/off because of the high concentration of carriers. By adopting a Zn capping layer, carrier concentrations decreased, leading to clear on and off behavior. Finally, stability tests of the PBS and NBS showed a threshold voltage shift within ±1 V.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.618-626
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• 2019

줄기세포를 기반으로 한 세포치료제는 생체 이식시 생착률이 낮아서 치료효과를 기대하기 어렵다. 이를 극복하기 위하여 줄기세포를 탑재할 수 있는 다양한 세포담체들이 개발되어 활용되고 있다. 이렇게 개발된 세포담체를 3-dimentional (3D) 프린팅하여 스캐폴드를 만들 경우, 환자의 손상부위 맞춤형 이식재를 제작할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 줄기세포를 탑재하여 손상부위를 기계적으로 보완하는 동시에 세포치료제로서의 효과도 얻을 수 있다. Polycaprolactone (PCL)은 저렴할 뿐 아니라 현재 가장 널리 쓰이고 있는 3D 프린팅 소재이기 때문에, PCL을 프린팅하여 세포담체로 활용할 경우 빠르고 경제적인 기술발전을 도모할 수 있다. 하지만 PCL 소재는 세포담체로서의 성능이 우수하지 못하여, 극히 일부의 세포만이 PCL 표면에서 생존한다. 본 연구에서는 이를 극복하기 위해서 PCL 소재에 세포의 탑재능력을 극대화되는 조건을 찾고자 하였다. PCL의 표면에 플라즈마를 처리하는 조건, PCL 표면을 콜라겐 코팅처리, PCL의 3D 프린팅 형상, 세포배양방법 변경 등 다양한 조건을 바탕으로 하여 PCL 소재에 인간 중간엽줄기세포의 세포탑재능력을 확인하였다. 세포탑재능력을 향상시킨다고 알려진 콜라겐 코팅과 플라즈마 처리를 적용하여, 플라즈마 처리 후 3% 콜라겐 코팅을 하였을 때 세포탑재능력이 가장 우수함을 확인하였고, 세포탑재능력에 영향을 줄 수 있는 세포배양방법과 스캐폴드의 구조변화를 적용하여, spheroid 세포배양시 기존의 단일세포배양법보다 탑재능력이 우수함을 확인하였으며, 스캐폴드의 구조는 세포탑재능력에 영향을 주지 못함을 확인하였다. 이를 바탕으로 PCL 소재를 세포 담체로 활용한 다양한 연구를 시도하고자 한다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.182-190
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• 2009

연구목적: 본 연구의 목적은 복합 레진(Z250)으로 수복한 5급 와동에서 변연부 미세누출에 대한 3종의 레진 표면 전색제(Fortify, Permaseal, Biscover LV)의 효과를 평가하는 것이다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 3개월 이내에 발거된 건전한 40개의 소구치와 대구치에 백악-법랑 경계를 중심으로 교합측 변연은 법랑질에, 치은측 변연은 백악질에 위치하도록 5급 와동을 협면과 설면에 각각 형성하였다. Clearfil SE bond와 복합 레진으로 충전한 치아를 무작위로 4개의 군으로 분류한 후 대조군을 제외한 실험군은 각각 20개의 와동에 레진 표면 전색제 3가지 제품을 각각 적용하고 24시간동안 생리식염수에 보관하였다. 보관한 시편을 열순환시킨 후 24시간 동안 2% methylene blue 염색 용액에 담가 두었다가 투명 레진에 매몰하였다. 매몰한 시편을 협설면의 충전물 중앙을 지나도록 절단한 후 현미경을 사용하여 교합면측과 치은측 변연부의 염색 용액의 침투도를 관찰함으로써 미세누출 여부와 정도를 분석하였다. 결과: 복합레진으로만 수복한 대조군은 실험군에 비해 교합면측과 치은측에서 미세누출이 컸으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(P<0.05). 레진 표면 전색제를 적용한 실험군들 사이에는 교합면측과 치은측 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 각 군의 교합면측과 치은측의 변연 미세누출을 비교 시 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. Fortify는 대조군과 비교시 치은측에서는 통계적으로 유의한 미세누출 감소 효과가 없었다. 결론: 복합레진으로 충전한 5급 와동 변연에 레진 표면 전색제를 적용한 경우 교합면측과 치은측 변연에서 미세누출 감소 효과가 있었다. 그러나 치은측 변연은 레진 표면 전색제의 적용 후에도 미세누출을 보이므로 각별히 주의를 요해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2000년도 춘계학술강연 및 발표대회 강연 및 발표논문 초록집
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• pp.9-10
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• 2000

An important business-field of world-wide steel-industry is the coating of thin metal-sheets with zinc, zinc-aluminum and aluminum based materials. These products mostly go into automotive industry. in particular for the car-body. into building and construction industry as well as household appliances. Due to mass-production, the processing is done in large continuously operating plants where the mostly cold-rolled metal-strip as the substrate is handled in coils up to 40 tons unwind before and rolled up again after passing the processing plant which includes cleaning, annealing, hot-dip galvanizing / aluminizing and chemical treatment. In the liquid Zn, Zn-AI, AI-Zn and AI-Si bathes a combined action of corrosion and wear under high temperature and high stress onto the transfer components (rolls) accounts for major economic losses. Most critical here are the bearing systems of these rolls operating in the liquid system. Rolls in liquid system can not be avoided as they are needed to transfer the steel-strip into and out of the crucible. Since several years, ceramic roller bearings are tested here [1.2], however, in particular due to uncontrollable Slag-impurities within the hot bath [3], slide bearings are still expected to be of a higher potential [4]. The today's state of the art is the application of slide bearings based on Stellite\ulcorneragainst Stellite which is in general a 50-60 wt% Co-matrix with incorporated Cr- and W-carbides and other composites. Indeed Stellite is used as the bearing-material as of it's chemical properties (does not go into solution), the physical properties in particular with poor lubricating properties are not satisfying at all. To increase the Sliding behavior in the bearing system, about 0.15-0.2 wt% of lead has been added into the hot-bath in the past. Due to environmental regulations. this had to be reduced dramatically_ This together with the heavily increasing production rates expressed by increased velocity of the substrate-steel-band up to 200 m/min and increased tractate power up to 10 tons in modern plants. leads to life times of the bearings of a few up to several days only. To improve this situation. the Mechanical Alloying (MA) TeChnique [5.6.7.8] is used to prOduce advanced Stellite-based bearing materials. A lubricating phase is introduced into Stellite-powder-material by MA, the composite-powder-particles are coated by High Energy Milling (HEM) in order to produce bearing-bushes of approximately 12 kg by Sintering, Liquid Phase Sintering (LPS) and Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP). The chemical and physical behavior of samples as well as the bearing systems in the hot galvanizing / aluminizing plant are discussed. DependenCies like lubricant material and composite, LPS-binder and composite, particle shape and PM-route with respect to achievable density. (temperature--) shock-reSistibility and corrosive-wear behavior will be described. The materials are characterized by particle size analysis (laser diffraction), scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. corrosive-wear behavior is determined using a special cylinder-in-bush apparatus (CIBA) as well as field-test in real production condition. Part I of this work describes the initial testing phase where different sample materials are produced, characterized, consolidated and tested in the CIBA under a common AI-Zn-system. The results are discussed and the material-system for the large components to be produced for the field test in real production condition is decided. Outlook: Part II of this work will describe the field test in a hot-dip-galvanizing/aluminizing plant of the mechanically alloyed bearing bushes under aluminum-rich liquid metal. Alter testing, the bushes will be characterized and obtained results with respect to wear. expected lifetime, surface roughness and infiltration will be discussed. Part III of this project will describe a second initial testing phase where the won results of part 1+11 will be transferred to the AI-Si system. Part IV of this project will describe the field test in a hot-dip-aluminizing plant of the mechanically alloyed bearing bushes under aluminum liquid metal. After testing. the bushes will be characterized and obtained results with respect to wear. expected lifetime, surface roughness and infiltration will be discussed.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 MgF₂를 이용하여 LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂ 양극활물질의 표면을 코팅하여 전기화학적 특성과 열적 안정성을 평가하였다. 코팅된 MgF₂의 비율은 0.5, 1, 3 wt%로 조절하였다. 전기화학적 특성은 CV, 충·방전 프로파일, 출력특성, 수명특성을 분석하였고, 열적 안정성은 DSC 분석을 통하여 이루어졌다. 전기화학적 특성 분석 결과 0.1C에서 초기 방전 용량은 MgF₂ 코팅이 되었을 때 감소하였지만, 2C까지 출력을 향상 시켰을 때는 약간 향상된 방전 용량을 얻을 수 있었고, 수명특성 또한 향상되었다. 또한 DSC 분석 결과 코팅이 되었을 때 발열 온도가 증가하였고, 발열 피크의 세기 또한 감소하였다.