• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.923-934
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• 2001

In order to investigate a pathogenesis of liver damage induced by skin burn, thermal injury was induced by scald burn on entirely dorsal surface in rats (total body surface area 30%) except for inhalated injury. At 5 and 24 h after scald bum, biochemical assay and morphological changes in skin tissue, serum and liver tissue were examined. The effects of bum injury on the levels of glutathione, lipid peroxide and on the activities of oxygen free radical generating and scavenging enzymes have been determined in association with observing of histologic and ultrastructural changes, measuring the protein concentration in plasma, and counting the number of intravascular polymorphonuclear leukocytes. The activity of xanthine oxidase, an enzyme of oxygen free radical generating system. was elevated (p<0.01) in serum, but not in skin and in liver tissue. Futhermore, thermal injury decreased not only the protein concentration in plasma but also the number of leukocytes, that indicates induction of edema formation with protein exudation and inflammation by neutrophil infiltration into the internal organs. These data suggest that acute dermal scald burn injury leads to liver damage, that is related to elevation of xanthine oxidase activity in serum. Xanthine oxidase may be a key role in the pathogenesis of liver damage induced by skin burn.

• 공업화학
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 활성탄소의 테트라사이클린 흡착성능을 향상시키기 위해 5, 10, 및 15분의 시간에 따른 질소 플라즈마 처리를 실시하였다. 모든 질소 플라즈마 처리된 활성탄소는 미처리 활성탄소와 비교하여 테트라사이클린 흡착성능이 개선되었다. 이는 활성탄소에 도입된 질소 작용기가 테트라사이클린과 π-π 상호작용 및 수소 결합을 통하여 화학흡착을 야기하기 때문이다. 특히, 80 W 및 50 kHz의 질소 플라즈마 처리에서, 10분 동안 처리된 활성탄소가 가장 우수한 흡착성능을 가졌다. 이 때, 활성탄소 표면의 질소 함량은 2.03%이며 비표면적은 1,483 m²/g까지 증가하였다. 이렇게 질소플라즈마 처리에 의해 개선된 활성탄소는 물리 및 화학 흡착성능이 향상되었다. 또한, 흡착 실험 결과가 Langmuir 흡착등온식과 유사 2차 반응속도식에 잘 부합하므로, 질소 플라즈마 처리된 활성탄소의 테트라사이클린 흡착은 단분자층으로 이루어지는 화학 흡착이 주도적으로 일어나는 것으로 판단하였다. 결과적으로, 질소 플라즈마 처리된 활성탄소는 주도적인 화학 흡착과 더불어 물리 흡착의 시너지 효과로 수중에서 테트라사이클린을 효율적으로 제거하는 흡착재로 사용될 수 있다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2002년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1533-1535
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• 2002

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown with high density on a large area of Ni-coated silicon oxide substrates by using an inductively coupled plasma-chemical vapor deposition (ICP-CVD) of $C_2H_2$ at temperatures ranging from 600 to $700^{\circ}C$. The Ni catalyst was formed using an RF magnetron sputtering system with varying the operating pressure and exposure time of $NH_3$ plasma. The surface morphology of nickel catalyst films and CNTs was examined by SEM and AFM. The graphitized structure of CNTs was confirmed by Ramman spectra, SEM, and TEM. The growth of CNTs was observed to be strongly influenced by the surface morphology of Ni catalyst, which depended on the pre-treatment time and growth temperature. Dense CNTs with uniform-sized grains were successfully grown by ICP-CVD.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.185-185
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• 2009

Polypropylene beads (PP) coated with $TiO_2$ thin films were prepared by a rotating cylindrical plasma chemical vapor deposition (PCVD) reactor and were used to remove phenol in aqueous solution. The $TiO_2$ thin films of 416 nm thickness were coated on the PP particles uniformly. As the number of $TiO_2$-coated PP beads increases, the phenol is degraded faster, because of larger total surface area of photocatalysts for photodegradation. This study shows that a rotating cylindrical PCVD reactor can be a good method to prepare the particles coated with high-quality $TiO_2$ thin films, which can be applied to the pollutant removal by a photodegradation reaction of $TiO_2$ with high efficiency.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기물성ㆍ응용부문C
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• 제49권8호
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• pp.487-494
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• 2000

This paper describes the design, fabrication and experiments of surface-micromachined aluminum micromirror array with hidden pin-joints. Instead of the conventional elastic spring components as connection between mirror plate and supporting structure, we used pin-joint composed of pin and staples to support the mirror plate. The placement of pin-joint under the mirror plate makes large active surface area possible. These flexureless micromirrors are driven by electrostatic force. As the mirror plate has discrete deflection angles, the device can be ap;lied to adaptive optics and digitally-operating optical applications. Four-level metal structural layers and semi-cured photoresist sacrificial layers were used in the fabrication process and sacrificial layers were removed by oxygen plasma ashing. Static characteristics of fabricated samples were measured and compared with modeling results.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2015

Carbon thin films were deposited on STS 316L sheets by inductively coupled plasma enhanced magnetron sputtering with or without substrate bias voltage. Typical Raman spectrum for amorphous diamond-like carbon (DLC) was obtained, and the interfacial contact resistance (ICR) was measured to show its conductive nature. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to investigate the corrosion mechanism of the carbon coating under the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) condition. According to the pore-corrosion mechanism, the electrolyte penetrates the carbon coating through the pores and reacts with the substrate. As the substrate corrosion proceeds, the pore enlargement occurs and the surface area of the substrate exposed to the electrolyte. Applicability of the carbon coating for the PEMFC bipolar plate was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization experiments. Finally, an adhesion problem was briefly considered.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.100-107
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• 2001

Miro propulsion device is a literally very small propulsion system The reason why such a small propulsion system is required is that micro satellites are considered as substitutions for conventional satellites to reduce cost; the fabrication of micro satellites enables us to produce mass production Microrockets have relatively high values of thrust/weight ratio due to the cube law; weight is proportional to volume and thrust is proportional to area. Accordingly, downsizing makes the ratio of thrust/weight ratio high However, conventionally ignorable facts are not negligible any more in small scale systems. for chemical micro rockets, downsizing causes lots of heat loss as surface to volume ratio increases, which results in the destruction of radical ions. For thrusters using plasma, the generation of strong magnetic field for plasma is very difficult. Also, in the aspect of flow dynamics, the effects of drag and viscosity are important parameters in low Re flows. When these problems are solved, micro propulsion systems can be commercialized and result in spin-off effects in many fields.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.93.2-93.2
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• 2011

In this work, graphite nanofibers (GNFs) were prepared for using catalyst supports in fuel cells. The GNFs were chemically activated to obtain high surface area and small pore diameter with different potassium hydroxide (KOH) amounts, i.e., 0, 1, 3, 4, and 5 g as an activating agent. And then Pt-Ru was deposited onto activated GNFs (A-GNFs) by chemical reduction method. The characteristics of Pt-Ru catalysts deposited onto A-GNFs were determined by specific surface area and pore size analyzer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and inductive coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The electrochemical properties of Pt-Ru/A-GNFs catalysts were also analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments. From the results, the A-GNFs carbon supports activated with 4 g of KOH (A4g-GNFs) showed that the highest specific surface areas. In addition, the A4g-GNFs led to uniform dispersion of Pt-Ru onto A4g-GNFs, resulting in the enhancement of electrochemical activity of Pt-Ru catalysts.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.412-417
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• 2003

각 샘플의 공극사이즈 (PPI)에 따른 미생물 고정화 능의 관계는 대체로 공극의 크기가 줄어들수록 미생물 고정화 량이 증가하는 경향을 보여주었다. 일반적으로 공극의 크기가 작을수록 비표면적이 증가하기 때문에 미생물 고정화 능이 증가할 것으로 사료되지만, 본 실험에서는 각 시편의 표면적을 측정 한 것이 아니고, 각 시편의 질량을 기준으로 미생물 점착량을 산출하였기 때문에 이와 같은 결과를 나타낸 것으로 사료된다. 특히 폴리우레탄 오픈 셀의 경우 담체의 PPI가 커질 경우 일반적으로 그 단위 부피당 표면적은 증가되지만, 단위 질량당 표면적은 이에 비례하여 증가하지 않음을 시편 관찰을 통하여 확인하였다. 따라서 이와 같은 이유로 인하여 각 시편의 PPI에 대한 점착율의 경향성은 발견하기 어려웠다. 각 시편의 비표면적 (단위질량당 표면적)을 실험을 통하여 결정한 후, 각 시편의 단위 면적 당 미생물 고정화 율을 산출한 결과, 단위 면적당 고정화 된 미생물의 수는 PPI 증가에 따라서 오히려 감소하였다. 따라서, 겉보기 밀도를 비롯하여 유실율, 점착율의 실험을 통한 모든 결론을 종합하여 고려해볼 때 45 PPI 담체가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 고분자의 표면처리를 통해 미생물 점착율을 증가시킬 수 있다는 것을 실험으로 확인할 수 있었다. 특히 PEI 처리 담체의 경우 건조 무게의 증가량이 미처리 담체에 비하여 약 3 배정도 향상되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 플라즈마 처리 실험 결과에서 알 수 있듯이 폴리우레탄 폼 담체에 미생물의 점착율이 플라즈마 표면처리에 의해 표면 친수도의 향상으로 인하여 증가되었다. 미생물의 점착율은 플라즈마 처리를 했을 때 가장 증가했고, Chitosan 처리를 한 경우를 제외하고 PEI를 처리했을 때도 처리하지 않았을 때보다 증가했다. 본 실험을 통하여 미생물 고정화 실험을 통하여 각 PPI별로 폴리우레탄 담체의 미생물 고정화 능력의 차이를 비교할 수 있음을 알았다. 따라서 앞으로의 실험은 고정화된 미생물을 현미경 관찰을 통하여 확인하고, 플라즈마 처리 후 미생물의 화학적 고정화(공유결합이나 이온결합체 형성을 통한 고정화 과정에서의 관능기 및 미생물의 유실이 없는 미생물 고정화)를 통한 미생물 고정화 율의 증가 방법을 개발하는데 주안점을 두고자 한다 한편, 다른 형태의 고분자나 미생물 종류를 달리하여 본 연구를 확장시킴으로써 환경 및 생물 산업에 유용한 소재로 사용되는 최적의 미생물 고정화 담체를 개발할 수 있으리라 사료된다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.923-929
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• 2006

Single crystalline ZnO films were successfully grown on R-plane sapphire substrates by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. Epitaxial relationship between the ZnO film and the R-plane sapphire was determined to be $[-1101]Al_2O_3{\parallel}[0001]ZnO,\;[11-20]Al_2O_2{\parallel}[-1100]ZnO$ based on the in-situ reflection high-energy electron diffraction analysis and confirmed again by high-resolution X-ray diffraction measurements. Grown (11-20) ZnO films surface showed mound-like morphology along the <0001>ZnO direction and the RMS roughness was about 4 nm for $2{\mu}m{\times}2{\mu}m$ area.