• 제목/요약/키워드: Surface Alloying

검색결과 231건 처리시간 0.032초

고탄소 연구강의 잠입귀열 방지에 관한 연구 (Study on Prevention of Quench Crack in Martensitic High Carbon Tool Steel)

  • 김학신;방성한;최종술;영형영
    • 한국표면공학회지
    • /
    • 제14권3호
    • /
    • pp.142-150
    • /
    • 1981
  • The present paper clarified mechanism of quench crack formation in high carbon steel dur-ing quenching, and, in order to prevent the quench crack, proposed two basic guides in alloy design of high carbon tool steel. They are to raise Ms temperature of high carbon tool steel by addition of alloying elemen-ts such as Al and Co, and to decrease grain size of the carbon tool steel by addition of alloying elements of Al, B, Ti, Zr, and V, and by grain-refining heat treatment.

  • PDF

The First-principles View of Nanometal Alloy Catalysts

  • Ham, Hyung Chul;Hwang, Gyeong S.
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
    • /
    • pp.129-129
    • /
    • 2013
  • Nanometal alloy catalysts have been found to significantly increase catalytic efficiency, compared to the monometallic counterparts. This enhancement can be attributed to various alloying effects: i) the existence of uniquemixed-metal surface sites [the so called ensemble (geometric) effect]; ii) electronic state changes due to metal-metal interactions [the so called ligand (electronic) effect]; and iii) strain caused by lattice mismatch between the alloy components [the socalled strain effect]. In addition, the presence of low-coordination surface atoms and preferential exposure of specific facets [(111), (100), (110)] in association with the size and shape of nanoparticle catalysts [the so called shape-size-facet effect] can be another important factor for modifying the catalytic activity. However, mechanisms underlying the alloying effect still remain unclear owing to the difficulty of direct characterization. Computational approaches, particularly the prediction using first-principles density functional theory (DFT), can be a powerful and flexible alternative for unraveling the role of alloying effects in catalysis since those can give us quantitative insights into the catalytic systems. In this talk, I will present the underlying principles (such as atomic arrangement, facet, local strain, ligand interaction, and effective atomic coordination number at the surface) that govern catalytic reactions occurring on Pd-based alloys using the first-principles calculations. This work highlights the importance of knowing how to properly tailor the surface reactivity of alloy catalysts for achieving high catalytic performance.

  • PDF

6xxx계 알루미늄 합금의 경질 아노다이징 피막 형성 특성 연구 (Formation Characteristics of Hard Anodizing Films on 6xxx Aluminum Alloys)

  • 문상혁;문성모;임수근
    • 한국표면공학회지
    • /
    • 제52권4호
    • /
    • pp.203-210
    • /
    • 2019
  • In this work, anodizing behavior of 6xxx series aluminum alloys was studied under constant current density and constant voltage conditions in 20% sulfuric acid solution by V-t curves, I-t curves, thickness measurement, observations of surface appearance and cross-sectional observation of anodizing films. The film growth rate of the anodizing films on Al6063, Al6061 and Al6082 obtained at 20 V were $0.63{\mu}m/min$. $0.46{\mu}m/min$ and $0.38{\mu}m/min$, respectively. Time to the initiation of imperfections at the oxide/substrate interface under constant current condition was shortened and colors of anodizing films became darker with the amount of alloying elements in 6xxx series aluminum alloys. Based upon the experimental results obtained in this work, it is concluded that maximum anodizing film thickness without interfacial defects is reduced with increasing amount of alloying elements and brighter anodizing films can be obtained by decreasing amount of alloying elements in the aluminum alloys.

기계적 합금화한 Al-8Ti-1B 합금의 응력부식에 관한 연구 (A Study on Stress Corrosion of Al-8ti-1B Alloys by Mechanical Alloying)

  • 김기주;강성군;백영남
    • 한국표면공학회지
    • /
    • 제27권4호
    • /
    • pp.215-222
    • /
    • 1994
  • The role dispersoids has been studied in a number of researches as a key point for the high strength application of dispersion strengthened aluminum alloy. The mechanical alloying(MA) process with high mechanical properties of dispersion strengthened MA Al-8Ti-1B alloys were invested in order to evaluate their stress corrosion cracking(SCC) application. SCC properties of the mechanically alloyed Al-8Ti-1B were studied using slow strain rate test(SSRT). In this study Al-8Ti-1B alloy were more susceptible to SCC in solutions of pH=2.01 and 13.2 than pH=6.81 solution. In this study Al-8Ti-1B alloys by MA had more SCC resistance than Al-8Ti alloys or Al 7075-T73 alloys. So Al-8Ti-1B alloys by MA had more resistance in SSRT SCC susceptinility test than any other above alloying metals.

  • PDF

Fe-38 at.% Al계 금속간화합물의 표면특성에 미치는 합금원소의 영향 (Effects of Alloying Elements on the Surface Characteristics of Fe-38Al Intermetallic Compounds)

  • 최한철
    • 한국표면공학회지
    • /
    • 제37권2호
    • /
    • pp.128-136
    • /
    • 2004
  • Effects of alloying elements on the surface characteristics of Fe-38Al intermetallic compounds were investigated using potentiostat. The specimens were casted by the vacuum arc melting. The subsequent homogenization and the stabilization led to the homogeneous DO$_3$ structure of the specimen. After the corrosion tests, the surface of the tested specimen was observed by the optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). For Fe-38 at.% Al intermetallic compound, the addition of Cr and Mo proved to be beneficial in decreasing the grain boundary attack by decreasing the active current density. Addition of Band Nb resulted in a higher active current density and also a higher passive current density. These results indicated the role of Cr and Mo in improving the pitting corrosion resistance of Fe-38 at.%Al intermetallic compound. Band Nb addition to Fe-38 at.%Al accelerated the granular corrosion. Fe-38 at.%Al containing Cr and Mo showed remarkably improved pitting corrosion resistance in comparison with Band Nb addition to Fe-38 at. %Al.

기계적 합금화 공정을 이용한 초미세 자성연마입자의 제조 및 특성 평가 (Fabrication of the Fine Magnetic Abrasives by using Mechanical Alloying Process and Its Polishing Characteristics)

  • 박성준;이상조
    • 한국정밀공학회지
    • /
    • 제21권10호
    • /
    • pp.34-41
    • /
    • 2004
  • A new method to fabricate the fine magnetic abrasives by using mechanical alloying is proposed. The mechanical alloying process is a solid powder process where the powder particles are subjected to high energetic impact by the balls in a vial. As the powder particles in the vial are continuously impacted by the balls, cold welding between particles and fracturing of the particles take place repeatedly during the ball milling process using a planetary mill. After the manufacturing process, fine magnetic abrasives which the guest abrasive particles c lung to the base metal matrix without bonding material can be obtained. The shape of the newly fabricated fine magnetic abrasives was investigated using SEM and its polishing performance was verified by experiment. It is very helpful to finishing the injection mold steel in final polishing stage. The areal ms surface roughness of the workpiece after several polishing processes has decreased to a few nanometer scales.

기계적 합금화법에 의해 제조된 Fe$_{0.98}$Mn$_{0.02}$Si$_2$의 상변태와 산화특성 (Phase Transformations and Oxidation Properties of Fe$_{0.98}$Mn$_{0.02}$Si$_2$ Processed by Mechanical Alloying)

  • 심웅식;이동복;어순철
    • 한국표면공학회지
    • /
    • 제36권2호
    • /
    • pp.200-205
    • /
    • 2003
  • Thermoelectric p-type $Fe_{0.98}$ $Mn_{ 0.02}$$Si_2$ bulk specimens have been produced by mechanical alloying and consolidation by vacuum hot pressing. The subsequent isothermal annealing was not able to fully transform the mestastable as -milled powders into the $\beta$ $-FeSi_2$ phase, so that the obtained matrix consisted of not only thermoelectric semiconducting $\beta$-FeSi$_2$ but also some residual, untransformed metallic $\alpha$ $- Fe_2$$Si_{ 5}$ and $\varepsilon$-FeSi mixtures. Interestingly, $\beta$ - $FeSi_2$ was more easily obtained in the low density specimen when compared to the high density specimen. The oxidation at 700 and $800^{\circ}C$ in air led to the phase transformation of the above described iron - silicides and the formation of a thin silica surface layer.

Pb-기판의 표면특성에 미치는 합금원소의 영향 (Effects of Alloying Elements on the Surface Characteristics of Pb-Substrate for Battery)

  • 오세웅;최한철
    • 한국표면공학회지
    • /
    • 제39권6호
    • /
    • pp.302-311
    • /
    • 2006
  • Nowadays the open-type lead-acid battery for vehicle use is being replaced with the sealed-type because it needs no maintenance and has a longer cycle life. Thus researches on this battery are being conducted very actively by many advanced battery companies. There is, however, a serious problem with the maintenance free(MF) battery that its cathode electrode has a limited cycle life due to a corrosion of grid. In this study, it was aimed to improve a corrosion resistance of the cathode grid which is commonly made of Pb-Ca alloy for a mechanical strength. For this purpose, various amounts of alloying elements such as Sn, Ag and Ba were added singly or together to the Pb-Ca alloys and investigated their corrosion behaviors. Batteries fabricated by using these alloys as cathode grids were subjected to life cycle test and their corrosion layers appeared at the interface between the grids and the active materials were carefully observed in order to clarify effects of alloying elements.