• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.435-438
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• 2009

A navigation aid buoy is a kind of safety facility for maritime navigation with a purpose of leading the vessels for navigating, docking and sail off. An advanced rechargeable battery is required for stable power supply for navigation aid buoy as the high magnitude LED lamps, real time location/control for navigation aids and e-Navigation support systems with maritime climate observation equipments have recently been deployed. This study is focused on the lithium battery, especially lithium polymer battery which is believed to be safer than the other types of batteries. The lithium polymer battery reviewed in this study is designed with $LiFePO_4$-based cathode, which has superior safety features to the oxide-based cathodes. Besides, a 3.6kWh battery pack has been built with the above-mentioned unit cells for the purpose of comparative research with lead acid battery system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.422-433
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• 2021

At this point in time when active participation in renewable energy projects is required, basic information on growth engines and substantial promotion strategies for participation in renewable energy projects is needed. According to the this study tried to provide basic information for vitalizing participation in the renewable energy business by analyzing the factors affecting the new energy business participation roadmap using the multi-layered model. As a result of this study, it can be seen that in order to achieve an effective new energy business participation roadmap, it is necessary to re-establish the new and renewable energy business participation factors by industry. Specifically, it is necessary to prepare appropriate countermeasures such as the leading organization of the project, profit distribution method, green industry financial support, project implementation method, power plant location, and comprehensive long-term strategy, and there is an institutional approach that can promote the development of related industries. found to be necessary. Above all, it suggested that in order to achieve an effective new energy project participation roadmap, an institutional approach is needed that can expand the supply of new and renewable energy while minimizing the burden on the national economy and promote the development of related industries.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.261-269
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• 2023

In light of recent social concerns related to issues such as water supply pipe deterioration leading to problems like leaks and degraded water quality, the significance of maintenance efforts to enhance water source quality and ensure a stable water supply has grown substantially. In this study, scan statistic was applied to analyze water quality complaints and water leakage accidents from 2015 to 2021 to present a reasonable method to identify areas requiring improvement in water management. SaTScan, a spatio-temporal statistical analysis program, and ArcGIS were used for spatial information analysis, and clusters with high relative risk (RR) were determined using the maximum log-likelihood ratio, relative risk, and Monte Carlo hypothesis test for I city, the target area. Specifically, in the case of water quality complaints, the analysis results were compared by distinguishing cases occurring before and after the onset of "red water." The period between 2015 and 2019 revealed that preceding the occurrence of red water, the leak cluster at location L2 posed a significantly higher risk (RR: 2.45) than other regions. As for water quality complaints, cluster C2 exhibited a notably elevated RR (RR: 2.21) and appeared concentrated in areas D and S, respectively. On the other hand, post-red water incidents of water quality complaints were predominantly concentrated in area S. The analysis found that the locations of complaint clusters were similar to those of red water incidents. Of these, cluster C7 exhibited a substantial RR of 4.58, signifying more than a twofold increase compared to pre-incident levels. A kernel density map analysis was performed using GIS to identify priority areas for waterworks management based on the central location of clusters and complaint cluster RR data.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to investigate teachers' perceptions on MBL (microcomputer-based laboratory) experiment training program for teachers, the expecting effects of MBL experiment and application of MBL experiment after conducting MBL experiment training for science classes in schools. This study showed that most of the teachers who participated in the training program thought that the MBL experiment training program was very useful and instructive. Many teachers considered that MBL experiments using a computer could decrease time spent in the experiment by accurate and fast data collection and analysis. They also thought that the reduced time could be used more effectively in the analysis of experimental data and discussion activities leading to correct concept formation as well as in the development of graphical analysis and science process skills. However, they thought that MBL experiments were ineffective in learning how to operate experiment apparatus. This study also revealed that most teachers intended to apply MBL experiments in real classrooms context right after the training course and they pointed out many obstacles in introducing MBL experiments into their classrooms such as a budget to purchase equipment, poor laboratory conditions, and few MBL experiment training opportunities. In order to apply MBL experiment into the real classrooms, further changes were suggested as follows; development of technologies to reduce unit cost of equipment for MBL experiments, production and supply of many kinds of sensors, development of MBL experiment materials, and expansion of the training program for teachers.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2024

If flammable liquid leaks, vapor evaporated from the pool can cause poisoning or suffocation to workers, leading to secondary accidents such as fires and explosions. To prevent such damage, ventilation facilities shall be installed when designing indoor workplaces. At this time, the behavior varies depending on the characteristics of the leaked chemical, so it is necessary to select a suitable vent location according to the material. Therefore, 3D CFD simulations were introduced to derive optimal vent position and ventilation efficiency was quantitatively evaluated by vent position. At this time, assuming a situation in which flammable liquids leak at indoor workplaces to form pools, the concentration of vapor evaporated from pools was compared to derive the optimal vent position. As a result of research on toluene with high vapor density, ventilation efficiency was confirmed to be the highest at the upper supply-lower exhaust, and it is judged that introducing it can achieve about 3.7 times ventilation effect at the same maintenance cost. Through this study, it is expected that the workplace will be able to secure workers' safety by applying simulation results and installing ventilation ports.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.22
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• pp.81-97
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• 2011

The technology of 'Virtual Reality' has placed in advanced tools for human beings' joy and anger together with sorrow and pleasure in our generation. It has recently tried in a variety ways to use as an implication for treatment in the field of Cognitive Psychology. Especially, it widely approaches to human in terms of that a sense of reality in a virtual world through the five senses should reinterpret the meaning of cognition in the real world. Based on this paradigm shift, it allows for new treatment using the technology of virtual reality. A typical example is a field of Therapy in order to overcome panic disorder. It has advantages that in particular development of flexible interaction technologies in a virtual space can lead patients to experience psychological environments rather than physical one. the interaction technology provides environments in which users' five senses can be actively stimulated, it is very useful that information from the experiences in the virtual world allows people to learn through real experiences by renewing potential energies, advantages of Virtual Reality Therapy can be customized treatment by depending on symptoms in patients with panic disorder and are capable of differentiate application for the cure at each stage. It is to treat by leading patients to get accustomed to environments and situations in real world through care process with each symptom and stage. It is helpful that based on A Human-Sensibility Ergonomics, technologies like immersive virtual reality equipment, force-relative feedback and stereophonic sound, and like stimulating the sense of smell make people to induce experiences by stimulating human's five senses. There are many advantages of immersion in virtual world in that the phenomenon such as challenge, interaction, reality, illusion, and cooperation is expanded. As an application for therapy by growing such augmented reality, virtual space and sharing of data through the Internet and also inexpensive its availability have recently expanded the base. There are other benefits of Virtual Reality Therapy offering active interaction environments for cognitive experience which can provide appropriately adjusted environments for patients who are hard to overcome the real situation because of phobia. In addition to that it is safe and economical and patients' confidentiality is assured. Moreover, due to the principles of applying real-time navigation the Virtual Reality Therapy makes modification and supplementation easier and also it can reduce cybersickness because of the supply of Lenticular allowing people to see stereoscopy without eyeglasses, which makes sense of presence clearer. On top of that due to the development of interactive technologies, it is becoming close to sense of reality similar to real world by leading users to navigate by themselves and to operate objects in a virtual space. This paper will therefore examine, although it is of limited, characteristics of application of virtual reality technology based on A Human-Sensibility Ergonomics used for treatment for a disorder. this paper will analyse a range of its application and problems and it will suggest the future possibilities.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.31-42
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• 2006

Drought indices, such as PDSI (palmer Drought Severity Index), SWSI (Surface Water Supply Index) and SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index), have been developed to assess and forecast an intensity of drought. To find the applicability of groundwater level data to a drought assessment, a correlation analysis between SPI and groundwater levels was conducted for each time series at a drought season in 2001. The comparative results between SPI and groundwater levels of shallow wells of three national groundwater monitoring stations, Chungju Gageum, Yangpyung Gaegun, and Yeongju Munjeong, show that these two factors are highly correlated. In case of SPI with a duration of 1 month, cross-correlation coefficients between two factors are 0.843 at Chungju Gageum, 0.825 at Yangpyung Gaegun, and 0.737 at Yeongju Munjeong. The time lag between peak values of two factors is nearly zero in case of SPI with a duration of 1 month, which means that groundwater level fluctuation is similar to SPI values. Moreover, in case of SPI with a duration of 3 month, it is found that groundwater level can be a leading indicator to predict the SPI values I week later. Some of the national groundwater monitoring stations can be designated as DIW (Drought Index Well) based on the detailed survey of site characteristics and also new DIWs need to be drilled to assess and forecast the drought in this country.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2001

It is thought that the sanitary perception and hygienic food treatment of food suppliers as the first handlers of foodstuffs are extremely significant for the safe and sanitary management of food in group meal services. So in this study, a survey of 103 food suppliers who provide raw materials for 80 meal services in business places around Busan area was conducted on general matters, participation in sanitation education, sanitary perception, sanitary treatment of foodstuffs, knowledge of sanitation, etc. The results of the survey are as follows: 1. 42.7% of the subjects have worked for the food supply companies for one to five years and the main job of 36.9% of them is delivery service. Food suppliers who handle over two foodstuffs are 6839%. 2. Concerning the participation in sanitation education, 43.7% of the subjects have not experienced any such education, The reason of 23.3% of them for not having the education is that there have been no opportunity for them at all. And 83.5% of them regard the education on hygiene as necessary. 3. In the sanitary perception, 93.1% of the subjects considered the temperature control of the food delivery vehicles as important and 82.5% of them replied on of the leading causes of food poisoning as foodstuffs. 64.0% thought of their knowledge of food sanitation as not very good, but moderate. 4. Concerning sanitary treatment of foodstuffs, 50.5% of delivery vehicles were wearing sanitary uniforms and 24.3% of them washed their hands while supplying food. 5. In the score of hygienic knowledge, the average score of all food suppliers was 60.6 point. In the score of hygienic knowledge on general matters, managing supervisors got 6.31$\pm$1.70. In the score of hygienic knowledge based on the perception of food sanitation, the food suppliers with the experience of sanitation education scored 6.42$\pm$1.93 point and the point was significant(p<0.01), compared with that of the food suppliers without the experience of sanitation education. The food suppliers who answered their knowledge was very good scored the highest point, 8.00$\pm$1.41. The food suppliers who replied that sanitation education was truly necessary recorded the hygienic knowledge score of 6.75$\pm$1.77, significantly(p<0.01) high. In the score of hygienic knowledge on the basis of the practical degree of sanitary handling of food materials, the food suppliers who answered they cleaned their delivery vehicles everyday scored 6.48$\pm$1.93, the food suppliers who answered they sterilized their delivery vehicles everyday scored 6.29$\pm$1.89, the food suppliers who answered they controlled the temperature of their delivery vehicles irregularly scored 6.58$\pm$1.79 and the food suppliers who answered they washed their hands every time when they were working scored 6.86$\pm$2.24, significantly(p<0.05) high in comparison with every item in other factors. And the food suppliers who answered they were wearing sanitary uniforms irregularly while supplying foodstuffs scored the highest point, 6.66$\pm$2.92.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.139-150
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• 1998

Due to development of science and telecommunication with wide-spread computer supply, it could be done through computer automatically instead of manpower-work for paper transportation & paper approval. It is developed to so-called Factory Automation. Further, it is developed to Office Automation. Trading companies & concerned trade authorities are interested in Trade Automation that such technique is applied to trade work. Generally, Trade Automation means to realize paperless trade by exchanging electronic papers through inter-computers after concerned trade operators transformed various papers to electronic papers that computer could read. In case Trade Automation fix in the trade business, it is expected one of innovations among traditional paper work of trade business, namely without going import-export authorities, Customs office, Banks. Shipping companies, Marine insurance companies on hand-carrying papers, it could be fast, simple, correct to finish every trade procedures such as commercial business, foreign currency, customs clearance, transportations, insurance. terms of payment, etc., with Electronic Data Interchange through computer facilities. Especially, telecommunication for trade form could be helpful to proceed trade paper with one-run-method Further we can anticipate 6 effects for Trade Automation as belows : First, as explained just above articles, with completion for Trade Automation, every trade procedures can be done by computer. so, time to work can be diminished. namely. logistics cost including accessory costs for trade procedures can be saved much. Second, viewing to private enterprise, effect of Office Automation can be maximized and rapid, correct exchange for various trade informations could raise efficiency of enterprise management establishing rational production, storage, transportation and could raise competition improving standard for consumers's service. Third, establishing Trade Automation systems makes it easier piling-up of harbor cargo by pre-transmission of electronic paper & trade informations make it possible to finish customs clearance in advance and can be dispatched upon cargo arrival. Fourth, most of concerned trade authorities such as import-export approval office. financial authorities, transport & insurance companies concentrated in Metropolitan area(Seoul, In -Cheon, Kyung-Ki). Therefore, in case Trade Automation could be realized. it is possible to proceed trade business instantly in every country area by computer facilities. Also. it contribute well-balanced development for suburb. region area by suburb dispersion of trading companies. Fifth, on the way to Trade Automation establishment & its enlargement process. producing enormous demand for over-all telecommunication such as hardware. software. network makes opportunity to progress telecommunication industry & concerned industries. Finally. Trade Automation accelerate change of employment structure leading unnecessary labors on the industries of office & logistics to manufacturing area.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.193-214
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• 2017

It is a very important time to check how SW curriculum is actually organized and what is inadequate to practical requirements of SW manpower in the present situation where there is a difference of viewpoints between software field and SW curriculum of university. In overseas cases, efforts have already been made to cultivate SW manpower based on SW training centered on practical requirements. As a result, there is a positive response to the recruitment of actual related companies. In Korea, these attempts have been attempted under government initiative. In particular, based on the SW-centered university project, it has given the role of a leading university in related fields. However, with regard to the labor supply problem in the SW sector, the requirements of the business enterprises still differ from the educational curriculum. In this study, we tried to diagnose the method that can reduce the difference between the composition and the practice of the contents according to the existing limit that the environment factor of the viewpoint of the working companies about the curriculum composition is not clearly reflected. As a result, the topic modeling based on the university's curriculum and lecture plan data is used to derive keywords for curriculum and lecture plan. Through the data analysis, this study confirmed that the practice rate of related university departments utilized in data analysis is relatively low. In addition, we found that it is important to establish a systematic curriculum and to build a lecture plan to cultivate practical skills, as the number of overlapping textbooks and the number of keyword overlapping are found.