• 대기
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2024

Private companies are increasingly required to take more substantial actions on climate change. This study introduces the principle and cases of climate (physical) risk estimation for 11 private companies in Korea. Climate risk is defined as the product of three major determinants: hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. Hazard is the intensity or frequency of weather phenomena that can cause disasters. Vulnerability can be reflected in the function that explains the relationship between past weather records and loss records. The final climate risk is calculated by multiplying the function by the exposure, which is defined as the area or value of the target area exposed to the climate. Future climate risk is estimated by applying future exposure to estimated future hazard using climate model scenarios or statistical trends based on weather data. The estimated climate risks are developed into three types according to the demand of private companies: i) climate risk for financial portfolio management, ii) climate risk for port logistics management, iii) climate risk for supply chain management. We hope that this study will contribute to the establishment of the climate risk management system in the Korean industrial sector as a whole.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.134-155
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• 2016

Perfluorinated chemicals are highly diverse and widely used. More than 160 substances are pre-registered under REACH and approximately 140 substances are in the existing chemicals list of Korea from this chemical group. Chemical structures of PFCs that are globally prohibited and still in uses are identified with OECD's classification of PFCs with an overall review on their uses in consumer products including textile products. Case examples for current domestic situation on use of PFCs as a major component of water-repelling agents in textile products as well as a brief summary of eight major PFC manufacturers' situation are presented from our survey study along the supply chains and the most recent report of EPA stewardship programme, respectively.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.74-84
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• 2013

Modern companies have been facing devastating impacts from unexpected events such as demand uncertainties, natural disasters, and terrorist attacks due to the increasing global supply chain complexity. This paper proposes a multi stage logistic network model under disruption risk. To formulate the problem practically, we consider the effect of continuity rate, which is defined as a percentage of ability of the facility to provide backup allocation to customers in the abnormal situation and affect the investments and operational costs. Then we vary the fixed charge for opening facilities and the operational cost according to the continuity rate. The operational level of the company decreases below the normal condition when disruption occurs. The backup source after the disrup-tion is recovered not only as soon as possible, but also as much as possible. This is a concept of the business continuity plan to reduce the recovery time objective such a continuity rate will affect the investments and op-erational costs. Through numerical experiments, we have shown the proposed idea is capable of designing a resilient logistic network available for business continuity management/plan.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.271-281
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• 2021

Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi forests not only extended the plantation management area but also cultivated to the sustainable wood supply chain during the last 5-years. These prescriptions are primarily done by manual operation activities, particularly in young tree tending. Two types of tending activities, brashing by brush cutter(BB) and pruning by pruning shear and saw(PP), were selected for the investigate of musculoskeletal disorders' level and postural risks using Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS). The postural risk indexes (BB and PP) ranged from 115 to 125 and 102 to 105, respectively. There is no significant difference between the species. The young tree tending operations had low postural risks. The results may be used as basic data to develop technical guideline for safe young trees.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.817-839
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• 2021

소프트웨어를 안전하게 관리하기 위해 군은 RMF A&A(Risk Management Framework Assessment & Authorization) 표준에 따라 제품을 구매하고 관리한다. 해당 표준은 무기체계를 비롯한 군 IT 제품의 획득 체계에 관한 표준으로 제품에 대한 요구사항, 평가를 통한 구매, 유지보수를 다룬다. 해당 표준에 따르면 제품 개발활동에는 군에서 제시한 임무의 위험도가 반영되어야 한다. 즉, 개발사는 보안 내재화 및 공급망 보안을 통해 제시된 위험도를 완화하였고, RMF A&A의 보안 요구사항을 제대로 준수하였음을 입증하는 자료를 제출해야하고, 군에서는 개발사로부터 제출된 증거자료에 대한 평가를 통해 최종 획득 여부를 결정한다. 기존에 RMF A&A 실증 연구가 수행된 사례가 있다. 하지만, 해당 연구는 RMF A&A의 전체 단계가 아닌 일부분에 대해서만 다루고 있고, 해당 연구의 실증 사례가 대외비인 관계로 상세한 정보가 공개되지 않아 실제 산업 환경에 적용하는데 어려움이 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 군의 위험도 측정 및 RMF A&A 관련 표준들을 분석하고, 이를 바탕으로 군 RMF A&A의 요구사항을 만족시킬 수 있는 증거자료 작성방안에 대해 제시한다. 또한, 제시한 방안을 실제 드론 시스템에 적용하여 작성된 평가 제출물이 RMF A&A의 요구사항에 부합한지 검증을 수행한다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.133-145
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• 2015

Objectives: Food safety has become one of the major public-concerning issues in Korea. In order to set guidelines to create manuals for the response to a food safety crisis by food industry, this paper classified food safety crises and suggested techniques to determine crisis level. Methods: This study clarified common terminologies and definitions including in food safety crises. It reviewed various food safety crises and described characteristics, types, and states of crises. Results: The results of this study suggested that a food safety crisis implied a situation in which hazards/risk spreading in the food supply chain was widely described, causing strong public concern followed by a socioeconomic impact, and therefore, requiring the implementation of a prompt and full response regarding the situation. In terms of seeking response plans, food safety crises might be classified according to the penalties resulting from violations of laws and regulations, causative substances, stages of the food supply chain, and first contact point for incidents. The crisis level for a food safety crisis could be classified according to its severity parameters. The guideline matrix was divided into four major stages: Blue/guarded, Yellow/elevated, Orange/high, and Red/severe. This study also suggested several methods for determining the crisis level, such as the simple judgement method, scoring methods using a check-list and a weighted check-list. Conclusion: The severity of related parameters might be of great importance in understanding a crisis and determining response options/challenges for crisis levels.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.63-81
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• 2021

Joint financial network of Korea Financial Telecommunications and Clearings Institute, which is an essential facility with a natural monopoly, maintained its closedness as monopoly/public utility model, but it has evolved in the form of open banking in order to obtain domestic fintech competitiveness in the rapidly changing digital financial ecosystem such as the acceleration of Big Blur. In accordance with digital transformation strategy of financial institutions, various ICT companies are actively participating in the financial industries, which has been exclusive to banks, through the link technology called Open API. For this reason, there has been a significant change in the financial service supply chain in which ICT companies participate as users. The level of security in the financial service supply chain is determined based on the weakest part of the individual components according to the law of minimum. In addition, there is a perceived risk of personal information and financial information leakage among the main factors that affect users' intention to accept services, and appropriate protective measures against perceived security risks can be a catalyst, which increases the acceptance of open banking. Therefore, this is a study on factors affecting the introduction of open banking to achieve financial innovation by developing an open banking security control model for financial institutions, as a protective measures to user organizations, from the perspectives of cyber financial security and customer information protection, respectively, and surveying financial security experts. It is expected, from this study, that effective information protection measures will be derived to protect the rights and interests of financial customers and will help promote open banking.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.144-155
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• 2005

1950년대 이후 주택수요의 급격한 증가와 낮은 주택투자로 인한 만성적 주택부족 사태는 정부 주도의 주택공급정책에 의존해 오고 있다. 주택시장이 수요와 공급에 의한 자율적 가격결정구조를 가지지 못하고 정부 정책에 따라 인위적으로 움직임으로써 주택가격은 폭등과 폭락을 반복하고, 아파트 미분양 등에 의한 건설사의 수익성 악화나 중소건설업체의 부도와 같은 문제점들이 발생하고 있다. 이는 건설기업이 주택시장의 구조적 문제점을 파악하고 정부의 정책에 시기 적절히 대처하지 못함으로써 주택시장적응력을 상실한 결과라 할 수 있다. 또한 정부도 주택시장의 가격에 의존한 단기적 정책 효과만을 의존함으로써 주택시장의 가격결정시스템을 약화시키는 결과를 초래한 것이다. 즉, 주택시장의 동태적 환경시스템이라는 숱을 보지 못하고 정부 정책에 의한 단기적 영향요인이라는 나무만을 봄으로써 나타난 결과라 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 주택 시장을 주택수요 영향변수와 주택공급 영향변수 그리고 그에 영향을 미치는 거시 환경적 영향변수들을 분류하고, 이들 간의 상호작용을 시스템 사고와 전통적 소비자 선택이론에 입각하여 연결함으로써 이에 의해 구성되는 인과순환구조를 구축하도록 한다. 이를 통해 주택시장이 가지는 동태성의 장기적인 형태를 피드백 루프의 존재를 통해 확인해 줌으로써 주택시장의 역동적 변화 원인을 규명하고자 한다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.241-251
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• 2022

As a 4th industrial revolution technology, robots are changing the form of labor market and trade in Korea. In the future, changes in the international trade order are expected to move in the direction of shortening global supply chains and restricting trade between countries. Accordingly, reshoring of relocating overseas production facilities to Korea or near-shoring of relocating overseas production facilities to neighboring allies may expand. In this context, this study analyzed the impact of robot introduction on the domestic labor market and trade based on firm-level data. As a result of analysis based on the 'business activity data' accumulated from 2017 to 2019, the introduction of robot technology was analyzed to expand low-wage, low-skilled employment. Analysis on trade shows that the introduction of robots decreases exports and increases imports. In order to expand exports through the technology of the 4th industrial revolution, employment expansion and robot introduction should occur at the same time, rather than replacing the labor force with robots. In addition, it is thought that reshoring's goal of risk management can be achieved when a stable supply chain for imports of raw materials or essential goods, which are difficult to transfer to Korea, is established together.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제48호
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• pp.79-111
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• 2016

이 연구는 산업보안 관련 분야가 시스템 측면에서 국제표준기구인 ISO를 통해서 표준화되어 가는 추세를 분석한 것이다. 산업기밀 유출 방지와 같은 악의적 범죄공격에 의한 위험을 관리하고 손실을 방지하기 위한 산업재산권 보호 관련한 체계라는 범위를 벗어나서 공급사슬, 제품 및 문서 위조의 방지, 재난관리, 커뮤니티 회복력과 같이 폭넓은 분야를 다루었다. 이를 위해 산업보안 분야 표준화의 역사를 연혁적으로 분석하면서 ISO TC 292가 탄생된 역사적 배경과 표준화의 틀이 어떻게 변화되어 왔는지를 체계적으로 안내하였다. 또한 TC 292 안에서 워킹그룹 별로 개발되고 제정되어 온 보안 관련 표준들의 대략적인 내용들을 용어 정의(terminology) 및 일반적 보안 원칙(general standards)부터 공급사슬보안경영시스템(supply chain security management)까지 상세하게 살펴보았다. 분석을 통해 도출된 주요 발견점은 보안의 대상(target)과 위협(threat)이 다양화되면서 기업 등의 조직이 보다 유연성 있게 보호하고 피해를 입고도 조속히 회복되는 적응력을 갖추기 위한 체계가 표준화되고 있으며, 산업보안 관련 국제표준화의 범위가 확장되고 있다는 점, 그 국제표준화는 공공 및 민간 보안의 홀리스틱(holistic) 접근의 중요성을 강조하고 있다는 점, 마지막으로 산업이 적절한 보안과 회복력을 갖추기 위해서 이러한 국제표준화를 통한 ISO인증 요구사항에 시급히 대비 및 대응하여야 한다는 점이다.