Korea Trade Review (무역학회지)

Korea Trade Research Association (한국무역학회)
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The effects of Robot as 4th industry revolution Technology on Labor Market and Trade

4차산업혁명 대응 기술로서 로봇이 노동 시장과 무역에 미치는 영향

  • Jeong-Ho Yoo (Department of International Trade, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Byeong-Ho Lim (Korea Maritime Institute, Department of Ocean Economy Strategy Research)
  • 유정호 (부경대학교 국제통상학부) ;
  • 임병호 (한국해양수산개발원 경제전략연구본부)
  • Received : 2022.10.10
  • Accepted : 2022.10.30
  • Published : 2022.10.30
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Abstract

As a 4th industrial revolution technology, robots are changing the form of labor market and trade in Korea. In the future, changes in the international trade order are expected to move in the direction of shortening global supply chains and restricting trade between countries. Accordingly, reshoring of relocating overseas production facilities to Korea or near-shoring of relocating overseas production facilities to neighboring allies may expand. In this context, this study analyzed the impact of robot introduction on the domestic labor market and trade based on firm-level data. As a result of analysis based on the 'business activity data' accumulated from 2017 to 2019, the introduction of robot technology was analyzed to expand low-wage, low-skilled employment. Analysis on trade shows that the introduction of robots decreases exports and increases imports. In order to expand exports through the technology of the 4th industrial revolution, employment expansion and robot introduction should occur at the same time, rather than replacing the labor force with robots. In addition, it is thought that reshoring's goal of risk management can be achieved when a stable supply chain for imports of raw materials or essential goods, which are difficult to transfer to Korea, is established together.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 부경대학교 자율창의학술연구비(2021년)에 의하여 연구되었음.

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