• Title/Summary/Keyword: Supply & Demand

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The Supply and Demand Analysis of the Oriental Medical Doctor and Its Uses in Assisting Policy Making (한의사인력 수급 추계 및 정책 활용방안)

  • Choi, Eun-Young;Kim, Jin-Soo;Lee, Jong-Soo;Lee, Woo-Baik
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.27-36
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    • 1999
  • This study was performed to investigate the supply and demand of the oriental medical doctor(OMD) based on the supply and demand analysis of OMD up to the year 1997. The baseline projection and demographic methods were considered to examine the supply of OMD. On the contrary, for the demand analysis, two different approaches were conducted with the nonlinear regression model. The findings of this study indicate that the OMD will be oversupplied before the year 2012 with decreasing rate. However, when we consider the demand of OMD in the future. it is anticipated that the demand of oriental medicine will be increased rapidly with two major aspects. The first is the expansion of insurance benefits. The second is the increasing number of adult diseases because of the aging of the population structure. Therefore, the effective cooperation system and mutual exchange between western and oriental medicine is required for the future. Also. it is necessary to make the oriental medicine of the pharmaceutical services in more scientific way for the appropriate policy of the demand and supply of OMD. For the future study, the students who study abroad, especially China should be considered. These students will be the key element for the future supply of OMD.

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Analysis of Influential Factors for the Supply and Demand of Dental Technician (치과기공사의 인력수급에 영향을 미치는 요인 분석)

  • Kwon, Eun-Ja;Han, Min-Soo;Choi, Esther
    • Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.381-399
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    • 2016
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of dental technicians on demand for this occupation, their occupational satisfaction and factors affecting the supply and demand of dental technicians. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire survey was carried out by having convenience sampling as 200 dental technicians who work in Seoul Metropolis, Gyeonggi-do Province, Chungnam-do Province from September 26, 2016 to October 15. An analysis of the collected data was computationally processed by using SPSS Win 19.0 program. An analytical technique was made by using statistical techniques such as frequency & percentage, T-test, One-way ANOVA or ANCOVA analysis. The following are the analytical results of the collected materials. Results: When the occupational satisfaction of the selected subjects was analyzed, there were significant differences according to academic credential, marital status, duties in charge, position and monthly income. Their preference for this occupation as a lifelong job significantly varied with age, academic credential, duties in charge, position and monthly income. Their turnover plans significantly differed with age, position, career and monthly income(p<.05). As a result of analyzing what factors affected manpower supply and demand, they placed a lot of importance on the areas of required time and satisfaction, and they attached a less importance to the areas of interpersonal relationships and workload. Their total average score in these areas was 3.06. Conclusion: As a result of research, the manpower supply and demand factors that exerted significant influences on occupational satisfaction were pride. required time and the appropriateness of the number of workers, and the manpower supply and demand factors that had significant impacts on job preference as a lifelong occupation were satisfaction, pride and the appropriateness of the number of workers. The manpower supply and demand factors that affected turnover plans in a significant way were pride, satisfaction and the appropriateness of the number of workers.

Consensus-Based Distributed Algorithm for Optimal Resource Allocation of Power Network under Supply-Demand Imbalance (수급 불균형을 고려한 전력망의 최적 자원 할당을 위한 일치 기반의 분산 알고리즘)

  • Young-Hun, Lim
    • The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.440-448
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    • 2022
  • Recently, due to the introduction of distributed energy resources, the optimal resource allocation problem of the power network is more and more important, and the distributed resource allocation method is required to process huge amount of data in large-scale power networks. In the optimal resource allocation problem, many studies have been conducted on the case when the supply-demand balance is satisfied due to the limitation of the generation capacity of each generator, but the studies considering the supply-demand imbalance, that total demand exceeds the maximum generation capacity, have rarely been considered. In this paper, we propose the consensus-based distributed algorithm for the optimal resource allocation of power network considering the supply-demand imbalance condition as well as the supply-demand balance condition. The proposed distributed algorithm is designed to allocate the optimal resources when the supply-demand balance condition is satisfied, and to measure the amount of required resources when the supply-demand is imbalanced. Finally, we conduct the simulations to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm.

Balancing between Supply and Demand in Supply Chain Operating (공급사슬 운영에서의 수요와 공급 균형에 관한 연구)

  • Jo Min-Gwan;Lee Yeong-Hae
    • Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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    • 2004.10a
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    • pp.371-374
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    • 2004
  • The ultimate purpose of Supply Chain Management (SCM) is maximizing the profits of the overall Supply Chain (SC) through increasing customer satisfaction and decreasing operating cost. It can be successfully accomplished only when SC system balances demands with supply activities coordinated by aggregate planning, mid-term level of Supply Chain Planning(SCP). However, the existing measures to mainly estimate the specific function of SCM are not enough to evaluate the state of SC with respect to the balance between supply and demand in operating. To solve this problem, we develop a new SC performance measure, Balancing Point, using momentum concept. a fundamental knowledge of physics. Momentum concept can explain the relation among objects so that it can consider the balance between supply and demand in SC operating. The developed measure can not only consider the current state of the SC system but also take planned but not executed supply activities and upcoming demands into account. Therefore, using Balancing point, we can be aware of the unbalanced state of SC in advance.

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A Study on the Parking Demand of Public Sized Apartments - Focused on Apartments at Chil-Gok Area in Daegu - (국민주택규모 아파트단지의 주차수요에 관한 연구 - 대구광역시 칠곡지구를 중심으로 -)

  • 박찬돈;박몽섭;하재명
    • Journal of the Korean housing association
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    • v.14 no.6
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    • pp.41-50
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    • 2003
  • The parking problem is caused by the parking demand. The ratio of parking demand at multi-family housing sites has been increased significantly, therefore several parking problems have occurred. The goal of this study is to investigate the parking demand per housing size of public-sized apartments, and to prepare that with the architectural regulations about parking supply. According to the results of this study, the parking demand of the small size housing unit(exclusive size:60 $m^2$ below) shows 1.09 car per the unit. and that of the medium size housing unit(exclusive size:60 $m^2$ over 85 $m^2$ below) shows 1.34 car per the unit. The parking demand of the small size housing unit was exceeded 56% more than the legal supply limit, and the parking demand of the medium size housing unit was exceeded 34% more. It is means that the level of architectural regulation about parking supply was not enough than the parking demand. So, it needs recon-sideration about the architectural regulations of parking supply.

A Prospect for Supply and Demand of Physical Therapists in Korea Through 2030 (물리치료사 인력의 수급전망과 정책방향)

  • Oh, Youngho
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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    • v.6 no.4
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    • pp.149-169
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    • 2018
  • Purpose : This study was to develop a strategy for modeling future workforce projections to serve as a basis for analyzing annual supply of and demand for physical therapists across the South Korea into 2030. Methods : In-and-out movement model was used to project the supply of physical therapists. The demand was projected according to the demand-based method which consists of four-stages such as estimation of the utilization rate of the base year, forecasting of health care utilization of the target years, forecasting of the requirements of clinical physical therapists and non-clinical physical therapists based on the projected physical therapists. Results : Based on the current productivity standards, there will be oversupply of 39,007 to 40,875 physical therapists under the demand scenario of average rate in 2030, undersupply of 44,663 to 49,885 under the demand scenario of logistic model, oversupply of 16,378 to 19,100 under the demand scenario of logarithm, and oversupply of 18,185 to 20,839 under the demand scenario of auto-regressive moving average (ARIMA) model in 2030. Conclusion : The result of this projection suggests that the direction and degree of supply of and demand for physical therapists varied depending on physical therapists productivity and utilization growth scenarios. However, the need for introduction of a professional physical therapist system and the need to provide long-term care rehabilitation services are actively being discussed in entering the aging society. If community rehabilitation programs for rehabilitation of disabled people and the elderly are activated, the demand of physical therapists will increase, especially for elderly people. Therefore, healthcare policy should focus on establishing rehabilitation service infrastructure suitable for an aging society, providing high-quality physical therapy services, and effective utilization of physical therapists.

A Study on Determination of Factory Production Capacity in the Supply Chain Considering Uncertain Demand (불확실한 수요를 고려한 공급사슬의 공장생산용량 결정에 관한 연구)

  • 지요한;임석진;김경섭
    • Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.35-48
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    • 2003
  • This paper suggests the long-term strategy of the production distribution planning considering the capacity of factory production and the uncertain demand in a supply chain. This paper determines the near optimal capacity of factory production by using the advantages of mathematical and simulation models. Also, the relationship between the capacity from the suggested model and the strategy of production and distribution in a supply chain is studied. Arena is used for modeling and analysis.

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Supply Chain Coordination for Perishable Products under Yield and Demand Uncertainty: A Simulation Approach (수요와 수율의 불확실성을 고려한 공급망 조정)

  • Kim, Jin Min;Choi, Suk Bong
    • Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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    • v.46 no.4
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    • pp.959-972
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: This study developed a simulation model that incorporates the uncertainty of demand and yield to obtain optimized results for supply chain coordination within environmental constraints. The objective of this study is to examine whether yield management for perishable products can achieve the goal of supply chain coordination between a single buyer and a single supplier under a variety of environmental conditions. Methods: We investigated the efficiency of a revenue-sharing contract and a wholesale price contract by considering demand and yield uncertainty, profit maximizing ratio, and success ratio. The implications for environmental variation were derived through a comparative analysis between the wholesale price contract and the revenue-sharing contract. We performed Monte Carlo simulations to give us the results of an optimized supply chain within the environments defined by the experimental factors and parameters. Results: We found that a revised revenue-sharing contracting model was more efficient than the wholesale price contract model and allowed all members of the supply chain to achieve higher profits. First, as the demand variation (${\sigma}$) increased, the profit of the total supply chain increased. Second, as the revenue-sharing ratio (${\Phi}$) increased, the profits of the manufacturer gradually decreased, while the profits of the retailer gradually increased, and this change was linear. Third, as the quality of yield increased, the profits of suppliers appear to increased. At last, success rate was expressed as the profit increased in the revenue-sharing contract compared to the profit increase in the wholesale price contract. Conclusion: The managerial implications of the simulation findings are: (1) a strategic approach to demand and yield uncertainty helps in efficient resource utilization and improved supply chain performance, (2) a revenue-sharing contract amplifies the effect of yield uncertainty, and (3) revised revenue-sharing contracts fetch more profits for both buyers and suppliers in the supply chain.

Assessing the Effects of Supply Uncertainty on Inventory-Related Costs (공급업자의 공급불확실성이 재고관리 비용에 미치는 효과에 관한 연구)

  • 박상욱
    • Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.105-117
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    • 2001
  • This paper models supply uncertainty in the dynamic Newsboy problem context. The system consists of one supplier and one retailer who places an order to the supplier every period to meet stochastic demand. Supply uncertainty is modeled as the uncertainty in quantities delivered by the supplier. That is, the supplier delivers exactly the amount ordered by the retailer with probability of $\beta$ and the amount minus K with probability of (1-$\beta$). We formulate the problem as a dynamic programming problem and prove that retailer’s optimal replenishment policy is a stationary base-stock policy. Through a numerical study, we found that the cost increase due to supply uncertainty is significant and that the costs increase more rapidly as supply uncertainty increases. We also identified the effects of various system parameters. One of the interesting results is that as retailer’s demand uncertainty, the other uncertainty in our model, increases, the cost increase due to supply uncertainty becomes less significant.

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Modeling Procedure to Adapt to Change of Trend of Water Demand: Application of Bayesian Parameter Estimation (물수요의 추세 변화의 적응을 위한 모델링 절차 제시:베이지안 매개변수 산정법 적용)

  • Lee, Sangeun;Park, Heekyung
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.241-249
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    • 2009
  • It is well known that the trend of water demand in large-size water supply systems has been suddenly changed, and many expansions of water supply facilities become unnecessary. To be cost-effective, thus, politicians as well as many professionals lay stress on the adaptive management of water supply facilities. Failure in adapting to the new trend of demand is sure to be the most critical reason of unnecessary expansions. Hence, we try to develop the model and modeling procedure that do not depend on the old data of demand, and provide engineers with the fast learning process. To forecast water demand of Seoul, the Bayesian parameter estimation was applied, which is a representative method for statistical pattern recognition. It results that we can get a useful time-series model after observing water demand during 6 years, although trend of water demand were suddenly changed.