• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.421-423
• /
• 2002

Phellinus linteus mycelia have many pharmacological effects, although their pharmacological efficacy principles have not been known yet. In the course of screening for biological activity of the extracts of Phellinus linteus mycelia, we found strong antioxidative activity in some fraction of water-insoluble. Therefore, we tried to isolate the active principle(s) from the extract. The isolation of the active compound was guided by superoxide anion radical scavenging activity. As a result, caffeic acid was isolated as an active compound. The IC$\_$50/ of the compound was 3.05 $\mu$g/ml (16.9$\mu$M).

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.123-130
• /
• 2005

Hydrogen-donating capacity, scavenging activity of reactive oxygen including superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide, metal-chelating activity, and reducing power of garlic extracts were investigated. All tested garlic extracts exhibited in vitro antioxidant activities, with Uiseong extract showing highest hydrogen-donating and hydrogen peroxide-scavenging activities, and reducing power, followed by Seosan and Samchek extracts, in proportion to total thiosulfinate contents. Higher scavenging activity of superoxide anion radical was observed in Uiseong than Seosan and Samchek extracts. Metal-chelating activity increased in order of Uiseong < Seosan < Samchek, showing inverse relations to total thiosulfinate content. Garlic extracts of Uiseong and Seosan showed weak prooxidant activities and that of Samchek showed strong antioxidant activity against $Cu^{+2}$-induced human LDL oxidation. Protective effects on peroxyl and hydroxyl radical-induced DNA strand damages were observed in all tested garlic cloves. These results indicate growing conditions of garlic cloves affect total thiosulfinate content and antioxidant activities.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.103-114
• /
• 2005

Objectives : This studies were carried out to evaluate the effects on anti-oxidation activities in different parts as trunk bark and root bark of Ulmus devidiana Planchon. var. japonica Nakai and Hemipteleae davidii (Hance) Planchon. Methods : For evaluation of antioxidative effects, scavenging activity on superoxide anion radical and DPPH radical were measured. Also, inhibitory activity on LDL oxidation and linoleic acid peroxidation were measured in each samples. In the in vivo test, inhibitory activity on TBARS production, GSH contents in rat liver were measured. SOD, Catalase, GSH-px and ALDH activity were analysed in ethanol extracts of Ulmi Radicis Cortex. Result : 1. Scavenging activity on superoxide anion radical was higher in water extract than in ethanol extract even in low concentration of 50ppm as over 90%. 2. There was no difference between water extract and ethanol extract in the scavenging activity on DPPH radical but, Ulmi Raclicis Cortex and Ulmi Trunci Cortex showed high effect even in low concentration of 10ppm. 3. GSH reduction was prevented and antioxidative activity such as Mn-SOD, GSH-px in the rat liver recovered in the treatment of ethanol extracts of Ulmi Radicis Cortex. Conclusion : Ulmi Radicis Cortex recorded as Ulmi Trunci Cortex in official regulation book. But, it was known that Ulmi Radicis Cortex was more effective than Ulmi Trunci Cortex in most physical activities.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.1386-1391
• /
• 2009

Crude polysaccharides from rapeseed meal (PRM) were extracted with 0.3% NaOH aqueous solution, followed by further purifications and 2 fractions, namely PRM1 and PRM2, were separated with a DEAE-cellulose DE-52 column. Their primary compositions were analysed and antioxidant activity was determined, including scavenging activity toward superoxide anion radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and nitric oxide radicals, reducing power, and inhibitory effects against the microsomal lipid peroxidation, compared to that of L-ascorbic acid. The results indicated that PRM1 and PRM2 exhibited not only good reducing power and inhibitory effects on the microsomal lipid peroxidation, but also strong scavenging activity toward superoxide anion radicals, nitric oxide radicals, and hydroxyl radicals. In addition, positive correlations were also observed between the superoxide anion radical scavenging activity and the protein contents of the polysaccharides, and the reducing power and the sulfate contents. These findings thus clearly suggest the polysaccharides possess direct and potent antioxidant activity.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.295-301
• /
• 2008

In this study, the antioxidant activities of red pepper seed kimchi extracts were examined. The extracts were evaluated by various antioxidant assays that included determinations of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, metal chelating activity, and reducing power. All the kimchi extracts showed strong antioxidant activities by the tested methods. The 7% red pepper seed kimchi that was fermented for 6 days possessed the highest activity according to the performed tests. Yet, the highest scavenging activity was exhibited against nitrite, by extracts from kimchi for 0 day of fermentation rather than 6 days. All the activities for the kimchi fermented for 0 day with the addition of 7% red pepper seed increased markedly with an increase in concentration. With the exception of metal chelating and SOD activities, for the antioxidant properties assayed, the red pepper seed kimchi extracts were found to be highly effective.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.128-134
• /
• 2009

The antioxidant potency of methanolic extract Clerodendrum infortunatum Linn. (MECI), which are widely used in the Indian indigenous system of medicine for different purposes, was studied. The antioxidant potential was evaluated using different established in vitro antioxidant tests viz. determination of total amount of polyphenolics compounds, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, hydroxyl radical scavenging and reductive power assay. It was found that MECI contain a high amount of polyphenolics and possesses significant free radical scavenging activity in all the assay. The higher activity was may be due to presence of richest amount of polyphenolics and flavonoids in it.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.86-89
• /
• 2009

In this study, we investigated the free radical [1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}OH$) and superoxide anion (${O_2}^-$)] scavenging activity of MeOH extract and 3 fractions of Citrus junos. Of the tested fractions, the BuOH fraction showed the strongest DPPH scavenging activity, showing the $IC_{50}$ values of 63.4 mg/mL. Therefore, we continuously carried out DPPH, ${\cdot}OH$ and ${O_2}^-$ scavenging activity tests of BuOH fraction of Citrus junos. The BuOH fraction of Citrus junos inhibited DPPH radical to 97.5% at a concentration of 1000 mg/mL and the scavenging activities were increased concentration-dependently. In addition, BuOH fraction from Citrus junos also scavenged ${\cdot}OH$ in a concentration dependent manner from 5 to 1000 mg/mL. Furthermore, BuOH fraction showed about 56% ${O_2}^-$-scavengimg activity at 25 mg/mL concentration but, the scavenging activities were not enhanced in a dose dependent manner. The present results suggest that BuOH fraction of Citrus junos would have the protective potential from oxidative stress induced by free radicals.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.10-16
• /
• 2006

Radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of Laminaria japonica and fermented its extracts were evaluated. Freeze-dried L. japonica was fermented by Aspergillus oryzae and extracted with distilled water. The extract solution was mixed with ethanol and centrifuged. The supernatant was ethanol soluble fraction, non-polysaccharide fraction (ESF), and residue was ethanol insoluble precipitation, polysaccharide fraction (EIP). ESF was subjected to sequential fractionation with dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. To determine the radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of these, DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion radical scavenging activities and linoleic acid oxidation were tested. Among the extracts, ESF of fermented L. japonica showed the highest radical scavenging activity. The ESF showed DPPH radical scavenging activity of 64.33% at concentration of $50{\mu}g/mL$. It was higher than 57.70% of vit. C. Ethyl acetate and butanol fraction had high value of radical scavenging and antioxidant activities, especially butanol fraction of fermented L. japonica was 79.48 % of hydroxyl radical scavenging activity at concentration of $50{\mu}g/mL$. The fermented L japonica had radical scavenging and antioxidant activities higher than L. japonica. These results suggest that fermented L japonica is healthy food having radical scavenging and antioxidant activities.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.236-242
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to develop a functional syrup by using maca extract. Five different levels (0%, 7%, 14%, 21%, 28%) of maca extract was added and the physicochemical properties were investigated. The pH of control syrup was lower than that of syrup added with maca extract. Viscosity increased with increasing amount of maca extract. Hunter L value decreased while b value increased as maca extract level increased. Results of consumer acceptance test revealed that no significant differences in flavor, sweet taste and overall acceptability were observed among samples. Therefore, it is suggested that maca extract can be incorporated into syrup up to 28% without depressing the quality. Total polyphenol content and DPPH radical, superoxide anion radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging tests were conducted in view of estimating the functionality of maca syrup. Results showed that incorporation of maca extract into syrup exhibited higher polyphenol content and DPPH radical and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity than control syrup (p<0.05).

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.135-145
• /
• 2008

The study was aimed at evaluating the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of ethanolic extract and its fractions of Cleome rutidosperma. The antioxidant activity, reducing power, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, superoxide anion scavenging activity, nitric oxide anion scavenging activity, in vitro antilipid peroxidation activity and in vitro non-enzymatic hemoglobin glycosylation were studied. The results obtained in the study indicate that Cleome rutidosperma is a potential source of natural antioxidant. All the parameters were found to be concentration dependent and increased with increasing amounts of sample. Flavonoids, phenolic compound like tannins, terpenoids may be responsible for the antioxidant activity of the plant. Variation of solubility parameters in various models may be attributed to non-linearity of activity of ethanol extract fractions models. Further investigation on the isolation and identification of antioxidant component(s) in the plant may lead to chemical entities with potential for clinical use.