• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2004

With an objective of evolving quantitatively and qualitatively superior bivolitine silkworm hybrid of Bombyxmori L. for tropics with shorter larval duration without compromising on productivity traits, a breeding programme was initiated at this institute during 1997 by utilizing breeding resource material from the institutes Germplasm collection. The breed SD7 is characterized with plain larvae spinning white oval cocoons and SD12 is characterized by sex-limited larval markings spinning white dumb-bell cocoons. After fixation, these breeds along with other newly evolved breeds were subjected for hybrid evaluation in the laboratory. Based on the hybrid studies, the hybrid SD7${\times}$SD12 was selected and evaluated for one year comprising three major sea- sons (6 trials) of tropics viz., Pre-monsoon (characterized by high temperature, low humidity and without any rain fall), Monsoon (characterized by moderate temperature, heavy rain fall with high humidity) and post-monsoon season (characterized by low temperature and low humidity with frequent rain fall) to know the fluctuations in the larval duration. The evaluation studies indicated that the hybrid is having shorter larval duration with productive merits. The hybrid SD7${\times}$SD12 recorded survival percent of 92.74, shell weight of 46.7 cg, shell ratio % of 24.0 and filament length of 1,200 meters with a shorter larval duration of 24 hrs; when compared to productive hybrid CSR2${\times}$CSR5(control). The breeding methodologies and hybrids usefulness for tropics were discussed.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.465-479
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• 2017

Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is an economically important horticultural crop in Korea; however, various diseases, including Phytophthora root rot, anthracnose, powdery mildew, Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), and Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), severely affect their productivity and quality. Therefore, pepper varieties with resistance to multiple diseases are highly desired. In this study, we developed 20 SNP type assays for three pepper populations using Fluidigm nanofluidic dynamic arrays. A total of 4,608 data points can be produced with a 192.24 dynamic array consisting of 192 samples and 24 SNP markers. The assays were converted from previously developed sequence-tagged-site (STS) markers and included markers for resistance to Phytophthora root rot (M3-2 and M3-3), anthracnose (CcR9, CA09g12180, CA09g19170, CA12g17210, and CA12g19240), powdery mildew (Ltr4.1-40344, Ltr4.2-56301, and Ltr4.2-585119), bacterial spot (Bs2), CMV (Cmr1-2), PMMoV (L4), and PepMoV (pvr1 and pvr2-123457), as well as for capsaicinoids content (qcap3.1-40134, qcap6.1-299931, qcap6.1-589160, qdhc2.1-1335057, and qdhc2.2-43829). In addition, 11 assays were validated through a comparison with the corresponding data of the STS markers. Furthermore, we successfully applied the assays to commercial $F_1$ cultivars and to our breeding lines. These 20 SNP type assays will be very useful for developing new superior pepper varieties with resistance to multiple diseases and a higher content of capsaicinoids for increased pungency.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2001

With an objective of evolving quantitatively and qualitatively superior bivoltine breeds/hybrids of silkworm Bombyx mori L. for tropical conditions, breeding work was initiated in Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore during 1992 by utilizing two Japanese hybrids namely BNl8$\times$BCS25 and Shunrei$\times$Shogetsu along with Indian evolved breed, KA. The breed CSR12 which is characterized with sex-limited larval marking and white oval cocoons was evolved from the Japanese hybrid BNl8 ${\times}$ BCS25 by crossing with KA, while the breed CSR6 which is characterized with normal marking (marked larvae) and white dumbbell cocoons was extracted from the Japanese commercial hybrid Shunrei${\times}$Shogetsu through continuous inbreeding coupled with selection. After fixation, these breeds along with other newly evolved breeds were subjected to hybrid study under optimum environmental conditions in the laboratory for expression of full potential of the genotypes. These hybrids were evaluated by Multiple Trait Evaluation Index (Mano et al., 1993). The hybrid CSR12${\times}$CSR6 was selected based multiple trait evaluation index value. The hybrid CSR12$\times$CSR6 recorded survival of 96.0%, shell weight of 50.0 cg, shell ratio of 24.3%, raw silk percentage of 19.6, filament length of 1,216 m, boil off loss of 22.4% and renditta of 5.1. On the other hand, the control hybrid (KA ${\times}$ NB4D2) has recorded survival of 90.6%, shell weight of 42.1 cg, shell ratio of 20.4%, raw silk percentage of 15.9, filament length of 999 m, boil off loss of 24.8% and renditta of 6.3. The hybrid CSR12$\times$CSR6 was authorized during 1997 by Central Silk Board, Government of India for commercial exploitation during favourable months based on national level race authorization test.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.126-129
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• 2009

전국 15개 지역에서 수집된 227 클론으로 조성된 클론보존원에서 선발을 통해 육성된 새로운 대립 다수확성 복분자 딸기 품종 '두륜'은 평균 개체와 비교하여 줄기의 가시가 적고, 잎의 상면 광택이 강하며 크기가 큰 검은색의 과실 특성을 갖는다. 1998년부터 개화 결실 특성 조사를 실시하여 2001년 17개 클론이 2차 선발되었으며 이들 17개 클론에 대한 지역적응성 및 안정성 검정을 통해 최종 육성된 신품종 '두륜'은 결실지당 개화 수에서 17.2개, 결실지당 과실 수에서 16.9개, 과실 입중 1.73 g, 본당 수확량에서 4.50 kg을 나타내 대조클론과 비교하여 각각 103.6%, 107.6%, 140.6%, 155.7% 의 우수한 선발효과를 나타내는 대립 다수확성 복분자 딸기 품종이다.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.330-336
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• 2011

신속하게 생장하는 소나무의 조기 선발인자를 구명하고자 32년생 소나무의 풍매차대 검정결과로 얻어진 재적지수를 기준으로 상, 중, 하로 구분하여 선발된 12가계의 생장특성과 동일한 가계의 유묘 생장특성과의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 선발된 12가계의 종자 특성과 동일 가계의 성목 생장특성과는 상관관계가 없었으며 다만 소나무 유묘의 초기 생장과는 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 가계별 1년생의 유묘 건물중과 성목의 재적지수(32년생)와는 1%의 유의적 정의 상관 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 재적지수가 높았던 상위 그룹의 유묘 가계의 건물중에 따른 서열은 모두 상위에 있어 중, 하위 그룹과 구분이 되었다. 또한 가계별 묘고의 평균 생장속도는 상, 중, 하위그룹이 각 4.568, 3.773, 3.535로 나타나 상위 그룹이 중, 하위 그룹보다 매우 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 유묘의 건물중 및 묘고 생장속도는 신속 생장하는 소나무 가계의 조기선발을 위한 주요 인자로 추정되었다.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.136-142
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• 2008

소나무 풍매차대 중에서 생장 우수가계와 불량가계 간의 생육 환경에 따른 생리적인 반응 차이를 알아보고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 풍매 차대는 1981년에 강원, 춘천, 전남 나주 지역에 조성한 차대검정림에서 풍매차대 30가계 중에서 재적지수에 따라 선발한 것으로 생장 우수 가계인 강원 2호와 불량가계인 강원 23호를 대상으로 하였다. 선발 가계의 지역 내에서의 재적지수 표준화를 통하여 30가계에 대한 일반조합능력을 산출하여 생장 순위를 비교하였으며, 선발된 두 가계를 대상으로 잎을 채취하여 엽록소 함량, 질산, 환원효소 활성, 질소 함량 및 SOD 활성을 분석하였다. 엽록소 함량과 질소 함량은 춘천지역에서 강원2호가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 질산환원효소 활성은 나주지역에서 강원2호가 강원23호보다 높게 나타났으며, 가계별로 춘천 지역이 나주 지역에 비하여 활성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 나주 지역의 SOD활성이 높게 나타났으며, 지역별 가계간에는 두 지역 모두 강원23호가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과 두 가계가 생육 환경에 따라서 유전적 작용과 생리적 반응이 다르기 때문에 생장 차이가 나타난 것으로 판단된다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2002

Earlier breeding experiments undertaken at Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore, India since a decade had resulted in the development of many productive and qualitatively superior bivoltine hybrids. However, the hot climatic conditions of tropics prevailing particularly in summer are not conducive to rear these high yielding bivoltine hybrids. This has necessitated breeding of compatible bivoltine hybrids for year-round rearing. Accordingly, the Japanese hybrid, B2Ol ${\times}$ BCS12 which was found to be tolerant to high temperature was used as breeding resource material. Following hybridization and selection rearing of silkworms was taken up in SERICATRON (Environmental chamber with precise and automatic control facilities for uniform maintenance of temperature and humidity) at high temperature of $36{\times}1^{\circ}C$ and 85${\times}$5% RH in fifth instar and the control batches at $25{\times}1^{\circ}C$ and 65{\times}$5% RH. Directional selection was resorted to the batches reared at 36$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$ till F$_{5}$ keeping pupation rate as important selection criteria. From $F_{2}% onwards the experiment was modified in such a way as to conduct normal rearing every alternate generation to regain the lost vitality due to continuous exposure to high temperature and high humidity stress. At $F_{2}$ , Oval and dumb-bell cocoons were separated out and designated as CSR18 and CSR19, respectively. By utilizing these lines at $F_{12}$, the hybrid CSR18$\times$CSR19 was prepared and studied for the thermotolerance by subjecting to stress condition at high temperature of 36$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$ and 85$\pm$5% RH in fifth instar and the control batches at $25{\times}1^{\circ}C$ and 65${\times}$5% RH. The better performance of CSR18${\times}$CSR19 (survival > 88%) at $36{\times}1^{\circ}C$ clearly indicates the general superiority of CSR18${\times}$CSR19 with regard to high temperature tolerance over the productive hybrids and CSR18$\times$CSR19 can perform well in varied agro-climatic conditions of the tropics with optimum qualitative and quantitative characteristics.s.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.777-782
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• 2002

Reciprocal effects among local breeds and additive and heterosis effects were estimated for total milk production per lactation (TLP), lactation length (LL) and daily milk yield (DMY). Procedures for an optimum crossbreeding system were examined by comparing various crossbred combinations. Three data sets were chosen from the total records collected from 1962 to 1997. Data set I with a total of 5,938 records composed of 9 breed groups for reciprocal crosses, data set II with a total of 6,064 records composed of 5 breed groups for additive and heterosis effects and data set III with a total of 10,319 records composed of 42 breed groups for optimum crossbreeding system were analyzed. The least squares ANOVA was used. The reciprocal crosses between Red Sindhi and the Bangladeshi Local showed significant difference. When the Red Sindhi was used as cow, the cross was superior to the opposite in terms of the three performance traits. The results showed that additive breed effects on both TLP and DMY were positive and highly significant between Bos indicus and Bos taurus, whereas the individual heterosis effects were not significant. In general, any local breeds were improved two to three times by crossing with the Friesian once or twice. However, the effect was reduced when the grading up with the Friesian was repeated more than twice. On the other hand, when the local breed was crossed with the other breeds such as Holstein and Jersey, the improvement of TLP was less. Crossing the F1 cows with the Friesian bull gave further improvement. Almost the same trends were found also for LL and DMY. The local breeds and their crosses are raised mainly for draft animals, then it is recommended that the crossbreds between the local cows and Friesian are used for dairy purposes and more than 75% Friesian blood is used for beef.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2004

Ten promising polyvoltine mulberry silkworm strains(SDMGl, SDMG2, SDMG3, SDMG4, SDMWl, SDMW2, RMWl, RMW2, RMW3 and RMW4) that are superior in quantitative and qualitative traits have been synthesized in the polyvoltine breeding laboratory of Andhra Pradesh State Sericulture Research ＆ Development Institute, Hindupur through systematic hybridization and appropriate selection methods. After the genotypes were found homozygous for the desired traits, they have been crossed with 3 bivoltine testers $(APS8, APS4 and {NB_2}{D_4})$ and thirty new hybrid combinations were developed for the assessment of their hybrid performance. Phenotypic expressions of economically important quantitative and qualitative traits of fist filial generation were measured and subjected for statistical analysis. Evaluation Index and Subordinate Function methods were employed for the assessment of hybrid performance since they are widely used in silkworm hybrid evaluation. Total of seven poly${\times}$bivoltine combinations, which ranked high in both the methods, were selected as potential combinations for further field test. These combinations also ranked significantly higher than the control hybrid (APMl${\times}$APS8).

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.413-419
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• 2007

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem was introduced by Carpentier in 1962 as a network constrained economic dispatch problem. Since then, it has been intensively studied and widely used in power system operation and planning. In the past few decades, many stochastic optimization methods such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Evolutionary Programming (EP), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) have been applied to solve the OPF problem. In particular, PSO is a newly proposed population based stochastic optimization algorithm. The main idea behind it is based on the food-searching behavior of birds and fish. Compared with other stochastic optimization methods, PSO has comparable or even superior search performance for some hard optimization problems in real power systems. Nowadays, some modifications such as breeding and selection operators are considered to make the PSO superior and robust. In this paper, we propose the Modified PSO (MPSO), in which the mutation operator of GA is incorporated into the conventional PSO to improve the search performance. To verify the optimal solution searching ability, the proposed approach has been evaluated on an IEEE 3D-bus test system. The results showed that performance of the proposed approach is better than that of the standard PSO.