• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.8-14
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• 1999

The characteristics of the breakup process in supercritical spray is investigated during the injection of supercritical sulfur hexafluoride into dissimilar gases at supercritical pressures and subcritical temperature of the injected fluid. The visualization techniques used are backlighting and shadowgraph methods. The spray angles are measured and the breakup and mixing process are observed at near and supercritical conditions. The results show that spray angles are decreased with the in..ease of the ratio of density $(\frac{\rho_f}{\rho_g})$. At the supercritical temperature, the spray angles in atomization region are kept nearly constant such as the typical spray angle in gas injection. The mixing process is changed radically at the temperature where $\frac{d\rho}{dT}=\frac{1}{2}[\frac{d\rho}{dT}]_{max}$ at given pressure.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.63-65
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• 2008

The increased interest in reducing the environmental effects caused by releasing organic compounds and aqueous waste has motivated the development of polymeric materials in supercritical fluids. Recently, supercritical fluids have been used in material synthesis and processing because of their special properties, such as high diffusivity, low viscosity, and low surface tension. Supercritical carbon dioxide is the most attractive because it is non-toxic, non-flammable, and has moderate critical temperature and critical pressure values. Supercritical carbon dioxide can also swell most polymers. In this study, we prepared polymer/clay nanocomposites using supercritical fluids. Cloisites 10A, 15A, 25A, and 30B used in this study are montmorillonites modified with a quaternary ammonium salt. The nanocomposites of polymer/clay were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.254-263
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• 2015

In this study, numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the dynamic SGS model effects in a Kerosene-LOx coaxial swirl injector under high pressure conditions. The turbulent model is based on large-eddy simulation (LES) with real-fluid transport and thermodynamics. To assess the effect of the dynamic subgrid-scale (SGS) model, the dynamic SGS model is compared with that of the algebraic SGS model. In a swirl injector under supercritical pressure, the characteristics of temporal pressure fluctuation and power spectral density (PSD) present comparable discrepancies dependant on the SGS models, which affect the mixing characteristics. Mixing efficiency and the probability density (PDF) function are conducted for a statistical description of the turbulent flow fields according to the SGS models. The back-scattering of turbulent kinetic energy is estimated in terms of the film thickness of the swirl injector.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.284-287
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• 2004

초임계 이산화탄소를 이용하여 가시오갈피로부터 유용성분인 acanthoside-D를 추출하여 다음과 같은 결론을 유추하였다. 에탄올과 물, 그리고 50% 메탄올을 공용매로 사용하여 일정압력과 온도에서 추출한 결과물에서의 수율이 가장 높게 측정되었으며, 압력의 변화에 따른 acanthoside-D의 추출효율을 비교한 결과 300 bar에서 가장 높은 추출효율을 나타내었다. 또한 50% 메탄올을 공용매로 하여 유량을 변화시킨 결과, 높은 유량에서 높은 수율을 나타내었으나 1.5ml/g 이상의 유량에서는 수율의 변화가 없었다.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.39-53
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• 1998

The extraction rate of ginger from Korean-grown ginger root with supercritical carbon dioxide was measured as a function of flow rate of supercritical carbon dioxide, particle size, temperature and pressure. the extraction rate increased as the particle size decreased due to a decrease in the diffusion path. The extraction rate were independent of flow rate of supercritical carbon dioxide in a plot of ginger oil yield versus extraction time. This indicated that the extraction process is controlled by intraparticle diffusion within a particle of ginger root. In the case of temperature and pressure effect, the experimental results showed that the extraction rate decreased with an increase in temperature and increased with an increase in pressure.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.656-661
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• 2000

In the recent trend of electric power supply market, a variable pressure operation supercritical once-through steam generator is highlighted as a thermal power plant for cycling load because of its superiority in load regulation. Almost all thermal power plants of the future are expected to be variable pressure operation supercritical once-through units. APESS(Advanced Plant Engineering & Simulation System) is a dynamic simulation software for power plant which is under being developed by Korea Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. This paper present the introduction of APESS and the result of simulation for variable pressure operation supercritical once-through steam generator.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.860-865
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• 1997

Investigations were performed on the effects of extraction temperature, pressure, time on solubility and selectivity of egg yolk lipid and cholesterol, and color and fatty acid composition of the residue in supercritical carbon dioxide(SC-Co$_2$) extraction. Lipid and cholesterol solubility increased as the increase of Co$_2$ density and was found to strongly depend on the extraction pressure rather than the extraction temperature. The relative concentration of cholesterol in the extract increased with an increase in temperature and decreased with an increase in pressure and extraction time. extraction of dried eg yolk for 3hr at 4$0^{\circ}C$/276 bar removed 46.1% of cholesterol from the residual egg yolk with a yield of 63.2%. SC-Co$_2$ extraction produced a lighter color egg yolk with less redness and yellowness. As the extraction time increased, the resultant residual egg yolk became more saturated with fatty acids. SC-$CO_2$ extraction offers a safe, natural method for removing cholesterol from dried egg yolk.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.182-188
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• 2010

Significant real fluid behaviors including rapid property changes take place where high pressure combustion devices such as rocket engines. The flamelet model is the reliable approach to account for the real fluid effects. In the present study, the flamelet equations are extended to treat the general fluids over transcritical and supercritical states. The real fluid flamelet model is carried out for the gaseous hydrogen and cryogenic liquid oxygen flames at the wide range of thermodynamic conditions. Based on numerical results, the precise discussions are made for effects of real fluid, pressure, and differential diffusion on the local flame structure.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.1018-1023
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• 2010

초임계 이산화탄소를 건조 전처리 방법으로 사용하여 사과의 품질변화를 관찰하고, polyphenol oxidase의 저해효과를 조사하였다. 색도의 경우 L, a, b값은 초임계 이산화탄소의 온도와 압력이 높을 때, 무처리구보다 변화가 적었다. 색차와 갈색도는 초임계 이산화탄소 온도와 압력이 증가할수록 작은 값을 나타내었다. $35^{\circ}C$, 15 MPa와 $45^{\circ}C$, 20 MPa에서 무처리구보다 높은 갈색도를 나타내었다. Polyphenol oxidase(PPO) 활성은 초임계 이산화탄소의 온도와 압력이 증가할수록 활성이 억제되었다. 초임계 이산화탄소 전처리에 따른 springiness는 무처리구보다 증가하였고, hardness는 무처리구보다 감소하였으며, 초임계 이산화탄소의 압력와 온도가 증가할수록 springiness와 hardness는 증가하였다. 이상과 같이 초임계 이산화탄소 전처리가 건조 사과의 색과 조직감에 영향을 미치는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.96-104
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• 2020

A model combustor has been designed and fabricated for studying the combustion characteristics of oxygen (O₂)/hydrogen (H₂) flames under supercritical conditions. The combustor is designed to allow combustion experiments up to 60 bar, the supercritical pressure condition of O₂ and H₂. Injectors can be replaced to study various types of flames and the combustion chamber is designed to visualize flames by installing optical windows. Through the preliminary tests, including a high-pressure (up to 60 bar) test using air and combustion tests for coaxial jet flames of liquid oxygen (LO₂)/gaseous hydrogen (GH₂) at elevated pressure, the reliability of the combustor has been demonstrated.