• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.997-1005
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• 2013

낙동강의 횡단면은 복단면 형태를 띄고 있으므로, 여름철 집중호우에 의해서 하천유량이 증가하면 둔치 상부까지 하천수위가 상승하는 특징이 있다. 또한 최근 강우강도 및 홍수 빈도의 증가로 인해 관련 피해가 급증하고 있으며, 이는 홍수터에 설치된 공원과 같은 친수시설들의 침수피해와 직접적으로 연관되므로, 극한강우 시 둔치에서의 수리학적 영향분석이 필요하다고 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 친수시설들이 조성되어 있는 강정고령보와 달성보 사이를 모의구간으로 선정하여 태풍 산바에 의해 첨두홍수량이 발생한 시점을 전후로 총 42시간에 걸친 수치모의를 실시하였다. 2차원 부정류 모형인 FaSTMECH 모의결과와 수위관측소에서 실측된 실측수위와 비교하여 모형의 적용성을 검토한 결과 $R^2$는 0.990, AME는 0.195, RMSE는 0.252로 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 그리고 검증된 FaSTMECH 모형을 이용하여 태풍 사상 시 홍수터 내에 위치해 있는 캠핑장과 생태공원 등과 같은 친수시설이 침수되는 시간 및 침수심, 침수 유속 및 전단력 등을 분석하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.1598-1604
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• 2017

Objective: The present study investigated the litter performance of multiparous sows fed 3% and 6% densified diets at farrowing to weaning during summer with mean maximum room temperature of $30.5^{\circ}C$. Methods: A total of 60 crossbred multiparous sows were allotted to one of three treatments based on body weight according to a completely randomized design. Three different nutrient levels based on NRC were applied as standard diet (ST; metabolizable energy, 3,300 kcal/kg), high nutrient level 1 (HE1; ST+3% higher energy and 16.59% protein) and high nutrient level 2 (HE2; ST+6% higher energy and 17.04% protein). Results: There was no variation in the body weight change. However, backfat thickness change tended to reduce in HE1 in comparison to ST treatment. Dietary treatments had no effects on feed intake, daily energy intake and weaning-to-estrus interval in lactating sows. Litter size, litter weight at weaning and average daily gain of piglets were significantly greater in sows in HE1 compared with ST, however, no difference was observed between HE2 and ST. Increasing the nutrient levels had no effects on the blood urea nitrogen, glucose, triglyceride, and creatinine at post-farrowing and weaning time. The concentration of follicle stimulating hormone, cortisol and insulin were not affected by dietary treatments either in post-farrowing or weaning time. The concentration of blood luteinizing hormone of sows in ST treatment was numerically less than sows in HE2 treatment at weaning. Milk and colostrum compositions such as protein, fat and lactose were not affected by the treatments. Conclusion: An energy level of 3,400 kcal/kg (14.23 MJ/kg) with 166 g/kg crude protein is suggested as the optimal level of dietary nutrients for heat stressed lactating sows with significant beneficial effects on litter size.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

Objectives : The 7-zone-diagnostic system is a diagnostic device to predetermine bodily locations by measuring the energy of body. This study was to investigate the relation between the different patterns of Zone 2 of Factor AA in CP-6000A (VEGA, Germany), 7-zone-diagnostic system and the factors of Bell's Palsy. Methods : This study was carried out with the data from factors of Bell's Palsy(age, sex, period after onset, postauricular pain, season which the disease happen, contributing factor). We made three groups according to the different patterns of Zone 2 of Factor AA in CP-6000A. The Factor AA pattern of Group A is that the red bar graph of zone 2 were lower than the normal range. The Factor AA pattern of Group B was that the red bar graph of zone 2 was the normal range. The Factor AA pattern of Group C was that the red bar graph of zone 2 was higher than the normal range. After collecting the data about factors of Bel's Palsy to correspond with conditions of each group were selected, the data was analyzed statistically. Results : The values of number of patient and period after onset of group A was higher than group B and C. The values of ratio of postauricular pain of group B and C was higher than group A. The season of disease happened of group A is spring and winter, group B is winter and group C is summer and autumn. The contributing factor of disease happened of group A is none, and group B and C is stress and clod. Conclusions : In Bell's Palsy, it is thought that the red bar graph of zone 2 is lower, the group have lower energy(虛) and the energy has a character of cold(寒), and zone 2 is higher, the group has the higher energy(實) and the energy has a character of fire(熱).

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2001

가시오갈피(Eleutherococcus senticosus ssp.)은 항암작용, 항스트레스, 간기능 및 면역활성, 강정, 강장 등에 약효가 탁월하다고 알려져 있으며, 가시오갈피는 오갈피속 중에서 그 효능이 가장 우수한 식물로 건강식품으로의 자원개발(資源開發) 가능성이 높으나 해발 600m 이상의 고산지대(高山地帶)에서 자생(自生)하는 식물로 번식(繁殖) 및 재배(栽培)가 어려운 대부분 원료를 수입에 의존하고 있으나, 최근 국내산 가시오갈피가 세계에서 品質이 가장 우수한 것으로 알려지면서 그 수요가 점차 증가하고 있다. 따라서 강원도농업기술원 북부농업시험장에서는 $1998{\sim}1999$년 2개년에 걸쳐 차광처리(遮光處理) 및 시기(時期), 방법(方法), 수확적정(收穫適正) 높이 등에 관한 일련(一連)의 재배기술(栽培技術) 실험(實驗)을 수행(遂行)하였던 결과(結果)를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 차광망(遮光網) 처리에 따른 환경조건(環境條件)은 무차광에 비해 차광망 $30{\sim}70%%처리시 광투과율은 $40{\sim}64%$, 온도(溫度)는 $1.9{\sim}2^{\circ}C$을 각각(各各) 낮출 수 있었다. 2. 가시오갈피의 평지(平地) 재배시(재배시(培時) 차광망처리에 따른 생육은 차광 50%에서 무차광에 비해 수고 48cm, 신초장(新草長) 27.8cm 가장 길었으며, 10a당 수량(收量)이 202.2kg으로 80.8kg 증수(增收) 효과(效果)가 있었다. 3. 가시오갈피 평지재배시(平地栽培時) 차광처리는 $7{\sim}8$월의 고온기(高溫期)에도 생육(生育)이 지속적(持續的)으로 이루어짐을 알 수 있었다. 4. 차광방법별(遮光方法別) 생육(生育)은 터널식 차광방법이 병풍식 차광보다 일조시간이 짧았으며, 생육이 양호(良好)하여 효과적인 방법(方法)으로 사료(思料)되었다. 5. 수확방법(收穫方法)(예취 높이별)에 따른 생육효과(生育效果)는 지면으로부터 높이 30cm, 부위 $2{\sim}3$마디에서 수확(예취)하는 것이 분지주(分枝株)의 길이, 수고(樹高), 수량(收量)이 높았으며, 차년도 생육(生育)이 양호하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

Use of de-icing salts results in accumulation of high concentrations of ions on roadside soils and tree. The purpose of this study isto determine translocation of seasonal impact of exchangeable cations originating from de-icing salt on roadside surface soil-plant influenced by the intensity of foliar damage (NY = 0-25%, SY = 26-50%, CY = 51-75%) of trees. This paper investigated the concentration of four exchangeable cations ($K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Na^+$, and $Mg^{2+}$) on the roadside surface soil. The tree (Ginko biloba) samples were collected from the Konkuk and Judeok intersections in Chung-ju city. The sequential extraction procedure was applied to 120 soil samples of the soilsurface and 30 tree samples. Four cation exchange ions were determined by ICP-OES. The content of four exchangeable cations present on roadside soil was found to be the lowest in NY but highest in CY from tree pits in the order of NY < SY < CY. Especially, the results were apparent during spring time compared to other seasons. Soil collected from tree pits had the highest concentration of $Ca^{2+}$ possibly due to a higher volume of traffic on those streetsresulting in splashing of more calcium chloride ($CaCl_2$). The analysis of three exchangeable cations ($K^+$, $Mg^{2+}$, and $Na^+$) in the tree leaves revealed higher levels than roadside surface soil when foliar damage ratio increased in the order of NY < SY < CY in summer. In addition, a strong positive linear relationship was observed between the concentration of exchangeable cations in soil and trees. It is hypothesized that the results of this study can be a valuable baseline for managing de-icing salt on roadside soil and trees, in order to mitigate the salt stress that can damage the roadside soil and trees.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.758-771
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• 2012

This research contains awareness of antioxidant and intakes of antioxidant foods for the present evaluate college students in Seoul, 375 patients were investigated. The subjects, the woman college student more than male's responded, showed a uniform distribution in the allowance, grade and the most type of residence is living apart from their family. All male and female college students recognize a lot about health, but male college students had higher than female students interested in the health, on the other hand, female college students had higher than male college students for the health efforts for the promotion of a healthy. Awareness about the oxide and active oxygen is moderate level, but knowledge about active oxygen is low level, they responded that active oxygen was caused when received stress or do strenuous exercise. General Health Functional Foods recognized that the usual intake, but intake of antioxidant was when the activity was caused by active oxygen. They recognized that the antioxidant effect is anti-aging and vitamin, wine and tea, were perceived as antioxidant foods, are popularly known. Usually, people was initially recognized through the internet in university or high school, they desire to obtain information was high but the effort to gain understanding and knowledge about antioxidant are relatively low. The result of comparing the difference of natural antioxidant foods and antioxidant healthy functional foods, recognizes of effects and absorption rate are similar, but recognizes that natural food intake is better recognition in the economics and health functional food is better recognition in the easy intake and nature foods was more preferred than functional foods because of nature friendly. Trying to intake of antioxidant foods is low, but people is expected anti-aging and fatigue recovery through the intake of antioxidant food. People think that intake is irrelevant to the season, but summer is higher than other seasons. Showed that efficacy perceptions about health supplements are higher, but efficacy perceptions about antioxidant health supplements when ingested are at a moderate level, which is lower, due to low antioxidant for understanding. Antioxidant functional health food intake will be affected the gifts or the people around them and purchase is also more influenced by surround people than themselves. So showed that most college students prefer natural antioxidant foods than antioxidant health supplements, in case of ingested antioxidant health supplements also showed that it was consumed by surround people than personal will.

• 센서학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2015

우리나라와 같이 강우에 의해 산사태가 주로 발생하는 경우 산사태의 탐지 또는 조기경보는 실시간 산사태 모니터링을 수행하는 것이 가장 효율적인 방법이다. 그러나, 국내에서는 인공사면 계측을 제외하고 자연사면 산사태를 대상으로 연구된 사례가 상당히 드물고, 비교적 최근에 관련 연구가 시작되었다. 자연사면 산사태와 인공사면 붕괴는 메커니즘이 서로 상이하므로, 모니터링의 개념과 기법도 서로 다르게 접근하여야 한다. 따라서 국내 산사태의 90%이상을 차지하는 자연사면 산사태에 대한 실시간 모니터링 기술이 적극적으로 연구되고 관련기술이 개발되어야 한다. 특히 최근의 극한강우에 의한 산사태는 전통적 개념의 개별 모니터링 센서를 이용한 방법으로는 측정의 정확성이나 신속성에 한계가 있기 때문에 재해탐지의 효율성을 높이기 위해 복수의 모니터링 항목을 결합하여 다각도의 모니터링 및 발생시점 예측이 반드시 필요하다. 현재 국내에서 사용 중인 산사태 모니터링 관련 센서는 80% 이상이 해외에서 개발된 제품을 그대로 수입하여 사용하고 있어 고가의 비용을 지속적으로 지출하고 있을 뿐만 아니라, 해당 기술에 대한 원천성을 확보하지 못한 상태이다. 따라서, 국내의 산사태재해 증가추세와 기후변화 등을 고려할 때, 산사태 모니터링 센서의 수요가 더욱 증가할 것이 확실시 되며, 이를 대비하여 다학제적 연구과 기술개발을 통해 기술 및 장치의 국산화가 이루어져야 하고, 이를 기반으로 실질적인 재해방지 노력이 필요하다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제27권
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• pp.13.1-13.10
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• 2012

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the acute effects of heat stress on body temperature and blood pressure of elderly individuals living in poor housing conditions. Methods: Repeated measurements of the indoor temperature, relative humidity, body temperature, and blood pressure were conducted for 20 elderly individuals living in low-cost dosshouses in Seoul during hot summer days in 2010. Changes in the body temperature, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) according to variations in the indoor and outdoor temperature and humidity were analyzed using a repeated-measures ANOVA controlling for age, sex, alcohol, and smoking. Results: Average indoor and outdoor temperatures were $31.47^{\circ}C$ (standard deviation [SD], $0.97^{\circ}C$) and $28.15^{\circ}C$ (SD, $2.03^{\circ}C$), respectively. Body temperature increased by $0.21^{\circ}C$ (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.16 to $0.26^{\circ}C$) and $0.07^{\circ}C$ (95% CI, 0.04 to $0.10^{\circ}C$) with an increase in the indoor and outdoor temperature of $1^{\circ}C$. DBP decreased by 2.05 mmHg (95% CI, 0.05 to 4.05 mmHg), showing a statistical significance, as the indoor temperature increased by $1^{\circ}C$, while it increased by 0.20 mmHg (95% CI, -0.83 to 1.22 mmHg) as outdoor temperature increased by $1^{\circ}C$. SBP decreased by 1.75 mmHg (95% CI, -1.11 to 4.61 mmHg) and 0.35 mmHg (95% CI, -1.04 to 1.73 mmHg), as the indoor and outdoor temperature increased by $1^{\circ}C$, respectively. The effects of relative humidity on SBP and DBP were not statistically significant for both indoor and outdoor. Conclusions: The poor and elderly are directly exposed to heat waves, while their vital signs respond sensitively to increase in temperature. Careful adaptation strategies to climate change considering socioeconomic status are therefore necessary.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.21-33
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• 1990

The purpose of this study is to investigated the occurrence properties of the cerebrovascular accidents. Clinical observations were done 252 cases, were carried from June, 1989 to May, 1990 at 4 general hospital in Taegu, Korea. The following results have been obtained ; 1. Among the 252 cases of cerebrovascular accidents, males was noted in $51.6\%$ and females in $48.4\%$. The ratio between males and females was 1.1 : 1 in whole groups of cerebrovascular accidents, and in aging distribution, it was showed variety distribution in age groups, fifties, sixties and forties were in order of frequency, particulary, more than half was shelved from 50 to 69. 2. Among the 252 cases of cerebrovascular accidents, cerebral hemorrhage was rioted in $64.3\%$, cerebral infarction in $25.8\%$, cerebral thrombosis in $6.3\%$, subarachnoid hemorrhage in $2.4\%$ and cerebral embolism in $1.2\%$. 3. In distribution of academic career, high school level was noted in $37.7\%$, elementary school level in $30.5\%$, middle school level in $17.1\%$, elementary school level in $30.5\%$, middle school level in $17.1\%$ arid college level in $14.7\%$. 4. In distribution of occupation, office worker was noted in $21.8\%$, housewife in $20.2\%$, the others in $19.1\%$, physical laborer in $18.3\%$ and inoccupation in $18.3\%$. 5. In seasonal distribution, spring was noted in $34.9\%$, winter in $32.5\%$, autumn in $20.3\%$ and summer in $12.3\%$. 6. Among the preceding diseases at the onset of cerebrovascular accidents, hypertension was noted in $51.6\%$, no preceding disease in $20.2\%$, other disease in $10.3\%$ and diabetes mellitus in $9.5\%$ and cardiovalvular disease in $6.0\%$. 7. In systolic blood pressure on admission, 160-199mmHg was noted in $32.2\%$, 200-239mmHg in $23.4\%$, 140-159mmHg in $19.4\%$, below 140mmHg in $16.3\%$, and above 240mmHg in $8.7\%$, While, in diastolic blood pressure, above 130mmHg noted in $24.6\%$, below 90 mmHg in $17.1\%$, 120-129mmHg in $13.1\%$ and was 90-99mmHg in $11.1\%$. 8. In major predisposing factors of patients, emotional stress was noted in $20.2\%$, physical action in $17.9\%$, rest in $16.9\%$, while sleeping in $10.7\%$, drinking in $9.9\%$ and defecation in $7.9\%$. 9. In distribution of affected side, left was noted in $48.4\%$, right in 42.1 and both $9.5\%$. 10. In rates of recurrent cases, first attach was noted in $79.0\%$, 1st recurrence in $17.0\%$, 2nd recurrence in $3.6\%$ and 3rd recurrence in $0.4\%$.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.550-564
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• 1995

공간적으로 평활화하고 저주파 필터를 적용한 1978년부터 1987년까지 10년간의 일별 해상풍 자료를 이용하여 한국 주변해역에서의 해상풍의 시 ${\cdot}$ 공간적 분포특성을 연구하였다. 종관적 분포형태를 위해 해상풍의 연평균과 월평균 분포특성을 검토하였고, 시간적 변동성과 공간적 상관성을 위해 스펙트럼 분석을 하였다. 연평균 wind stress와 curl의 공간형태는 겨울철 월평균 형태와 매우 닮았다. 일년 및 반년주기성이 뚜렷하다. 연구해역에서 종관적 바람은 일년 및 반년 주기에서 공간적 상관성이 매우 높으나 각 해역별로 특징적 공간분포를 보인다. 예를들면, 겨울철 바람은 동해북부, 황해와 동중국해 북부에서는 북풍이 우세한 반면, 동해남부에서는 북서풍이, 동중국해 남부에서는 북동풍이 우세하다. 또한 curl의 경우는 동해북부와 동중국왜 남부에서는 양의 값을 보이나 동해남부와 황해 그리고 동중국해 북부에서는 음의 값을 보인다. 한편, 세력이 대단히 약해지는 여름철 바람은 겨울철 바람과 아주 다르고 열대성 저기압의 빈번한 통과로 동중국해 해상에서 시간변동이 커진다. 시베리아 고기압이 큰 영향을 끼치는 연변동은 북동에서 남서로, 즉 동해북부에서 동해남부 및 황해와 동중국해로 전파되는 경향을 보이나, 반년변동은 반대방향인 남서에서 북동으로 전파되는 점은 주목할 만하다. 반년 주기성은 한반도를 서에서 동으로 횡단하는 온대성 저기압이 봄과 가을에 발달하는 것을 나타내는 것으로 판단된다. 단주기 영역에서는 뚜렷한 주기성이 나타나지 않지만, 0.1 cycles per day (cpd) 이상에서는 황해와 동해의 지역풍이 공간적 상관성이 높고 위상도 주파수에 선형적으로 증가한다. 이러한 선형적 증가는 0.1, 0.3 cpd에서 550, 730 km/d의 위상속도에 해당하며 위상속도는 한반도를 서${\cdot}$동로 통과하는 온대성 저기압의 이동속도와 외형적으로 일치한다.