• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.857-862
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• 1999

Aminated poly(ether sulfone)(APES) was prepared by amination of nitrated poly(ether sulfone)(NPES) after poly(ether sulfone)(PES) was nitrated with mixed acid of nitric acid and sulfuric acid(sulfuric acid is a catalyst). As a results of the FT-IR spectrum analysis, the nitration of PES was confirmed by the bands of asymmetric stretching and symmetric stretching of $NO_2$ group at 1537 and $1351cm^{-1}$, respectively. Also when the NPES was aminated, it was disappeared to absorbance peaks of $NO_2$ group. And It was confirmed by the bands of asymmetric stretching and symmetric stretching of $NH_2$ group at 3470 and $3374cm^{-1}$, respectively. The optimum condition of the nitration on PES(5 g; 21.55 mmol.) was 12 hr of reaction time, $120^{\circ}C$ of reaction temperature, nitric acid of 28.00 mmol. and sulfuric acid of 52.00 mmol. As a result of the elemental analysis of APES, reapeating unit per amine groups were induced to 0.89. The adsorption rate of NO gas was lower than that of silica gel and active carbon. But the adsorption capacity of NO gas was higher than that of these. When the APES was absorbed to NO gas, the chemical adsorption rate was lower than the physical adsorption rate. But the chemical adsorption capacity of it was higher than physical adsorption capacity.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.97-103
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• 1983

To get further information on the behavior of phorate(0,0-diethyl S-ethylthiomethyl phosphorodithioate) in soil under the subtropical conditions, a field experiment has been conducted. Phorate granule (10%) was applied to silt loam soil at the rate of 40kg a.i./ha and incorporated to 10cm soil depth. Residues of phorate and its metabolites in soil were determined with GLC and confirmed qualitatively with TLC. Phorate was rapidly oxidized to its sulfoxide and sulfone. Therefore, main metabolic pathway of phorate in soil was the oxidation of phorate to phorate sulfoxide and sulfone. Phorate sulfoxide and sulfone were relatively more persistent than phorate itself. Phoratoxon was detected at low level only up to 30 days after treatment and its sulfoxide and sulfone were not detected during the whole experimental period. Toluene-acetonitrile-nitromethane(40 : 30 : 30, v/v/v) solvent system separated satisfactorily phorate and its five metabolites. Most of the residues was found in the initial incorporation depth $(0{\sim}10cm)$. Consequently, insecticides showed a little downward movement.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.307-312
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• 2010

Poly (ether sulfone)s with Bisphenol-TP and Bisphenol-AF were prepared with Bisphenol-TP <4,4-dihydroxy tetraphenyl methane>, 4-Fluorophenyl sulfone, and Bisphenol-AF <4,4-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphenol> using Potassium carbonate in Sulfolane at $210^{\circ}C$. Sulfonated PBTP-AF were obtained by reaction of Chlorosulfuric acid with copolymers. A series of copolymers were studied by $^1H$-NMR spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). Sorption experiments were conducted to observe the interaction of polymers with water and methanol.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.235-238
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• 2005

Sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) copolymers (PESs) were synthesized using hydroquinone 2-potassium sulfonate (HPS) with other monomers (bisphenol A and 4-fluorophenyl sulfone). PESs with different $mole\%$ of hydrophilic group were prepared by changing the mole ratio of HPS in the polymerization reaction. The chemical structure and the thermal stability of these polymers were characterized by using $^1H-NMR$, FT-IR and TGA techniques. The PES 60 membrane, which has $60 mole\%$ of HPS unit in the polymer backbone, has a proton conductivity of 0.091 S/cm and good insolubility in boiling water. The TGA showed that PES 60 was stable up to $272^{\circ}C$ with a char yield of about $29\%\;at\;900^{\circ}C\;under\;N_2$ atmosphere. To investigate the single cell performance, the catalyst coated PES 60 membrane was used and a single cell test was carried out using $H_2/O_2$ gases as fuel and oxidant at various temperatures. We observed that the cell performance was enhanced by increasing the cell temperature. A current density of $1400 mA/cm^2$ at 0.60 V was obtained at $70^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.331-338
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• 2018

In this study, sulfonated PAES block copolymers have been synthesized via nucleophilic substitution reaction. Hydrophobic oligomer was prepared using 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene and bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone, whereas hydrophilic oligomer was prepared using sulfonated bis(4-chlorophenyl) sulfone and bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone. The chemical structure of polymers was analyzed by $^1H$ NMR, FT-IR and GPC. The thermal properties of polymers were measured by TGA and DSC. The oxidative stability of membranes was investigated by Fenton's test. Furthermore, the proton conductivity of membrane was found to be 26 mS/cm at $90^{\circ}C$. All physiochemical properties suggest that fabricated membrane have a great potential for applications in PEMFC.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.514-520
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• 2005

Composite membranes of Nafion and sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) were prepared. Sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s with different degrees of sulfonation were blended with Nafion to reduce the methanol crossover. The morphology, proton conductivity and methanol permeability of the resulting composite membranes were investigated by SEM, EDAX, AC impedance spectroscopy and permeability measuring instrument. The cross­sections of the composite membranes showed a phase separated morphology. The morphology and phase separation mechanism could be controlled by varying the blend ratio and the degree of sulfonation of poly(arylene ether sulfone). These complex morphologies can be applied for reducing methanol crossover. The methanol permeability and proton conductivity of the composite membranes were lower than those of Nafion 117 membrane since the development of an ionic pathway in the blend membrane was more difficult than that in Nafion itself.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.62-65
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• 2001

This thesis related to a reactive black dyes containing acetoxyethyl sulfone moiety which is characterized by lessening the loss of dyes in filtering process owing to the low solubility by introducing the aminophenyl- $\beta$ -acetoxyethyl sulfone moiety, saving the cost for waste water treatment by using a small amount of salt in salting-out process and furthermore obtaining bright color with high dyeing yield and substantivity.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.227-231
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• 2009

New polyelectrolytes derived from poly(amide-sulfone)s and 1,5-dibromopentane were simultaneously fabricated on the electrode by the crosslinking reaction. The substrate was pretreated with a bromoalkyl-containing, silane-coupling agent to anchor the humidity-sensitive membrane to the substrate through the covalent bond. When the resistance dependence on the relative humidity of the crosslinked poly(amide-sulfone)s was measured, the resistance varied by three orders of magnitude between 20%RH and 90%RH, which was the required RH range for a humidity sensor operating at ambient humidity. Their water durability, long-term stabilities under various environments, hysteresis and response and recovery times were measured and evaluated as a humidity-sensing membrane.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.49-51
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.188-188
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• 2005