• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.234-238
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• 2009

Effects of ginseng on in vivo antioxidant capacities with age were studied in rats. All rats were reared in the conventional system. Ginseng-treated rats were supplied with ginseng water extracts (25 mg/kg/day) continuously from 6 weeks of age to spontaneous death. None of the rats showed any discernible adverse effects of treatment with ginseng-containing water. There was no significant difference in body weight (BW) gains with age between treated and control groups. However, ginseng extracts did cause a decrease in the level of serum low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, glucose, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in the treated rats. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in liver cytosol decreased with age in the control group. However, these enzyme activities were well maintained in the ginseng-treated rats and, especially, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were consistently higher than in control rats. The levels of total sulfhydryl group (T-SH) and glutathione reductase (GR) were unchanged, and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) activity gradually decreased with age in both groups. There were no differences in T-SH, GR, or GST between the control and treatment groups. These results indicate that long-term administration of ginseng retards age-related deterioration in some biochemical parameters such as cholesterol, glucose, and lactate dehydrogenase in serum and it has an enhancing effect on antioxidant capacity in the liver.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.437-445
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• 1995

과일 및 채소류의 곰팡이 억제제로 개발된 captafol은 인간 및 동물에서의 독성작용은 많이 보고된 바 있으나 이들의 독작용을 완화시키거나 치료할 수 있는 제제에 대한 연구는 별로 알려진 바 없다. captafol에 의한 혈액학 및 혈청 생화화적 변화에 따른 cysteine의 방어 작용을 확인할 목적으로 랫트에 5mg/kg 용량의 captafol을 1회 복강 투여하고 동시에 5, 58, 290 및 580mg/kg cysteine을 각각 투여하고 체중의 변화, 부검소견, 절대장기중량, 혈액학 및 혈청 생화학적 소견을 비교 분석 하였다. captafol 단독 투여군에서는 체중 및 간 장기중량 감소, 복강내 장기들의 섬유소에 의한 유착 및 복수 등이 현저하였으며 적혈구 수, hemoglobin 농도, 혈청 AST의 증가가 인정되었으며 또한 혈청 인지질 함량 감소가 확인되었다. 한편, cysteine 58mg/kg 이상의 용량군에서는 복강내 장기들의 유착 및 복수가 확인되지 않았으며 장기중량, 혈액학 및 혈청 생화학적 소견에서도 정상을 나타내었다. 이 연구 결과는 captafol의 중독증상에 대해 cysteine 및 sulfhydryl군을 가진 물질은 그 증세를 감소시키거나 완화시킬 수 있는 효과가 있음을 보여주고 있다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.293-303
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• 1987

혐기성 Clostrium therrnocellurn의 배양액으로부터 hydroxyapatite column chromatography를 통하여 cellulase complex중의 $C_{1}$ enriched fraction을 분리하였다. 다은 호기성 미생물과 마찬가지로 분리된 $C_{x}$, fraction과 다른 $C_{x}$ 성분과의 synergism에 의해 볼용성 성유소의 분해가 현저히 촉진되였다. $C_{x}$ 성분과는 달리 $C_{1}$, fraction은 공기중에서 산화에 의해 잘 실활되었으나 환원제, 특히 $\beta$-mercaptoethanol에 의해 효소 환성이 강하게 증가되는 것으로 보아 $C_{1}$ component는 다량의 sulfhydryl grou을 가지고 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 이 fraction은 열에 매우 안정하였으며 최적 온도와 pH는 각각 $60^{\circ}C$와 6.0 이었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.721-733
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• 2019

Objective: The objectives of this study were to investigate the thermal gelation properties and molecular forces of actomyosin extracted from two classes of chicken breast meat qualities (normal and pale, soft and exudative [PSE]-like) during heating process to further improve the understanding of the variations of functional properties between normal and PSE-like chicken breast meat. Methods: Actomyosin was extracted from normal and PSE-like chicken breast meat and the gel strength, water-holding capacity (WHC), protein loss, particle size and distribution, dynamic rheology and protein thermal stability were determined, then turbidity, active sulfhydryl group contents, hydrophobicity and molecular forces during thermal-induced gelling formation were comparatively studied. Results: Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that protein profiles of actomyosin extracted from normal and PSE-like meat were not significantly different (p>0.05). Compared with normal actomyosin, PSE-like actomyosin had lower gel strength, WHC, particle size, less protein content involved in thermal gelation forming (p<0.05), and reduced onset temperature ($T_o$), thermal transition temperature ($T_d$), storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G"). The turbidity, reactive sulfhydryl group of PSE-like actomyosin were higher when heated from $40^{\circ}C$ to $60^{\circ}C$. Further heating to $80^{\circ}C$ had lower transition from reactive sulfhydryl group into a disulfide bond and surface hydrophobicity. Molecular forces showed that hydrophobic interaction was the main force for heat-induced gel formation while both ionic and hydrogen bonds were different significantly between normal and PSE-like actomyosin (p<0.05). Conclusion: These changes in chemical groups and inter-molecular bonds affected protein-protein interaction and protein-water interaction and contributed to the inferior thermal gelation properties of PSE-like meat.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.669-673
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• 2002

An extracellular limonoate dehydrogenase was purified 10-fold from a cell-free extract of Rhodococcus fascians by ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis, and ultrafiltration. This purified dehydrogenase catalyzed the conversion of limonoate to 17-dehydrolimonoate. The enzyme showed optimum activity at pH 8.0 and $40^{\circ}C$, with $K_m$ value of 0.9$\muM$, and requires Zn ions and sulfhydryl groups for catalytic action. The enzyme activity was inhibited by $Hg^{2+}\;and\;NaN_3$ ions. The degradation of limonin (66%) in Kinnow mandarin juice was successfully demonstrated with partially purified limonoate dehydrogenase. With scale-up preparation of limonoate dehydrogenase, a successful debittering operation of fruit juices appears feasible.

• BMB Reports
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.157-161
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• 1997

The present paper reports characteristics and specificity of the inhibitory action of $N^{\alpha}-tosyl-L-lysine-chloromethyl\;ketone$ (TLCK) and $N^{\alpha}-tosyl-L-phenylalanine-chloromethyl\;ketone$ (TPCK) on the glucose6-phosphate transporter of rat liver microsomes. The TLCK-induced inhibition was pH dependent. The inhibition constants for TPCK were determined by following pseudo-Lst order reaction mechanism. The inhibition was protected by preincubation with excess amount of glucose-6-phosphate. The results proved that (a) TLCK inactivates the microsomal glucose-6-phosphate transporter, (b) the inhibition results from the modification of sulfhydryl groups of the transporter.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2008

The genotoxicity of mercury compounds have been investigated with a variety of genetic endpoints in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The mercury ions are positively charged and easily form complexes with DNA by binding with negatively charged centers to cause mutagenesis. Further, the mercury ions can react with sulfhydryl (-SH) groups of proteins associated with DNA replication and alter genetic information. Another mechanism by which mercury damages DNA molecule is via its probable involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces DNA strand breaks. In order to investigate whether the ROS production was induced by mercury, we performed ROS assay. As the result, the ROS production was significantly increased when it grows dose-dependently and time-dependently. We compared mercury alone-treated group and mercury co-treated with Vitamin C or glutathione group. As the result, the ROS production induced by mercury was decreased by Vitamin C and glutathione. Co-treated with Vitamin C and glutathione group was the most effective to lowering ROS production induced by mercury.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.223-227
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• 2007

Ground garlic inhibited the cross-linking reaction of myosin and incorporation of monodansylcadaverine (MDC) in salted Alaska pollack surimi catalyzed by transglutaminase (TGase). The component responsible for the inhibition was a thermostable, low molecular weight compound. The component also inhibited microbial transglutaminase (MTGase). The inhibition by garlic was reversibly recovered upon addition of 2-mercaptoethanol. The inhibitory component was therefore hypothesized to contain sulfhydryl groups within its structure. Alliin itself did not inhibit the cross-linking reaction. However, the addition of alliin together with garlic increased the inhibition. This result suggested that compounds derived from alliin was responsible for the inhibition of TGase activity.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.297-297
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• 1987

A $C_{1}$ enriched cellulase fraction was separated from culture filtrate of anaerobic Clostridium thermocellum by hydroxyapatite column chromatography. The separated fraction showed strong synergistic action with $C_{x}$ component (endo-$\beta$-1, 4-glucanase) in digestion of crystalline cellulose, similar to the other aerobic cellulolytic microorganisms. Unlike the $C_{x}$ component the $C_{1}$ enriched fraction was rapidly inactivated by oxidation at the atmospheric condition. The enzyme activity was significantly enhanced by the addition of reducing agents, especially $\beta$-mercaptoethanol, which indicates that a $C_{1}$ component has a lot of sulfhydryl groups essential for the enzyme activity. The effect of metal ions on $C_{1}$ activity was also investigated. The $C_{1}$ fraction was found to be thermally stable compare to endo-$\beta$-1,4-glucanase. Optimal temperature and pH were found to be 60.deg.C and 6.0, respectively.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.404-408
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• 2007

In this study, we investigated the effects by age of long-tenn supplementation of Epimedium koreanum Nakai (EKN)-containing water on the in vivo antioxidant capacities of rats. All rats were reared in a conventional system, and none of the rats showed any signs of aversion to the EKN solution. Neither the mean nor maximum life spans of the rats were extended by long-tenn administration of the solution. The EKN extract caused decreases in the levels of serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the rats. The activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione (GSH) peroxidase within the liver cytosol decreased with age in both the control and EKN-supplemented groups. GSH peroxidase activity, however, was higher at old age in the EKN-supplemented group. The activities of GSH reductase and GSH-S-transferase, and the levels of free-sulfhydryl (SH) and total-SH group gradually decreased with age in both groups. However, there was some tendency for higher levels in the EKN supplemented group at a corresponding age. These results indicate that long-tenn supplementation of EKN water extracts alone does not exhibit discernible adverse effects in rats, and has some enhancing effects on the antioxidant capacities of the blood and liver, but it does not have life-prolonging effects.