• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.8-13
• /
• 1981

The content of sulfhydryl compounds in Chlorella cells during the life cycle in the synchronous culture is determined spectrophotomatically at 250nm(pH7.0) using p-CMB as SH-reagent. The changes in the content of-SHl compounds and protein in Chlorella cells is measured during the life cycle in connection with cell division and analyzed. 1) The amounts of total ninhydrin reactive substance increased with growth of cells but increased the more at the $L_4$ stage(cytokinesis stage) than at the $L_2$ stage (nuclear division stage). 2) The sulfhydryl content of Chlorella cells increased strikingly at the $L_2$ stage and decreased markedly at the $L_4$ stage. 3) The amounts of values -SH/protein showed a peak at the $L_2$ stage. The increase of the amount of total-SH compounds of cells during the nuclear division period was considered to be caused by the weighty roles of protein-SH groups for the formation of nuclear division apparatus and for the enzyme activity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 1994.04a
• /
• pp.304-304
• /
• 1994

The possible mechanisms of ginseng saponins on the inhibition of development of morphine tolerance and physical dependence were investigated in the aspects of morphine metabolism by morphine 6-dehydrogenase. Administration of morphine causes a reduction of non-protein sulfhydryl contents in liver, because morphinone is metabolized from morphine by morphine 6-dehydrogenase conjugates with sulfhydryl compounds. However, ginseng saponins inhibited the activity of morphine 6-dehydrogenase which catalized the production of morphinone from morphine. In addition, ginseng' saponins inhibited the reduction of non-protein sulfhydryl levels by Increasing the level of hepatic glutathione. These results suggest that the dual action of the above plays an important role in the inhibition of development of morphine tolerance and physical dependence. On the other hand, it was observed that less polar components of ginseng saponins with parent structures were more active components in vitro.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.160-166
• /
• 1994

The possible mechanisms of ginseng saponins on the inhibition of the development of morphine tolerance and physical dependence were investigated in the aspects of morphine metabolism by morphine 6-dehydrogenase. The administration of morphine causes a reduction of non-protein sulfhydryl contents in the liver, because morphinone metabolized from morphine by morphine 6-dehydrogenase conjugates with sulfhydryl compounds. However, ginseng saponins inhibited the activity of morphine 6-dehydrogenase which catalyzed the production of morphinone from morphine. In addition, ginseng saponins inhibited the reduction of non-protein sulfhydryl levels by increasing the level of hepatic glutathione. These results suggest that the dual action of the above plays an important role in the inhibition of the development of morphine tolerance and physical dependence. On the other hand, it was observed that less polar components of ginseng saponins with parent structures were more active components in vitro.

• Journal of Oriental Physiology
• /
• v.14 no.2 s.20
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 1999

Ethanol induces compoundhemorrhagic gastric lesions and causes a dose-dependent decrease in the concentration of endogenous nonprotein sulfhydryls in rat gastric mucosa. Sulfhydryl-containing drugs protect rats from ethanol - induced gastric lesions. Based on this findings, we investigated the involvement of sulfhydryl compounds in the antioxidant effects of Puerariae radix, a traditional herbal medicine, against ethanol - induced gastric lesions in the absence and presence of iodoacetamide(IDA. sulfhydryl blocking agent) in rats. respectively. Because of the known role of sulfhydryls in gastric cytoprotection, its role in gastric antioxidation was of intrest. In vitro, Puerariae radix extract(PRE) reduced linoleic acid autooxidation and exert DPPH radical scavenging effect. In vivo. PRE increased antioxidants(SOD, catalase. GSH) and reduced lipid peroxide level in ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions. But treatment with PRE plus IDA significantly inhibit the antioxidant effects such as SOD and GSH but did not affect catalase levels. These results suggest that Puerariae radix may play roles in the gastric cytoprotection through antioxidant effects and increase of SOD activity and GSH level are dependent of endogenous sulfhydryls.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.32-35
• /
• 1980

A number of chemical compounds that modify radiation effects are reviewed, with brief report of our own experiments on radioprotective effect of some vasoconstrictive agents and 5-Thio-D-Glucose. Sulfhydryl compounds(-SH group) and some pharmacologic compounds such as CNS depresants, vasoconstrictive agents and autonomic drugs are known to have radioprotective effect in experimental research and in limitted clinical study, whereas oxygen, hallogenated pyrimidines and metronidazole, etc. have radiosensitizing effect. Author experimentally observed some radioprotective effects of angiotensin II, a strong vasoconstrictor, and 5-Thio-D-glucose in mice.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.329-334
• /
• 2013

Uridinediphospho-N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (MurA, E.C. 2.5.1.7) is an essential bacterial enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the cell wall biosynthetic pathway, which involves the transfer of an enolpyruvyl group from phosphoenolpyruvate to uridinediphospho-Nacetylglucosamine. In this study, novel inhibitors of Haemophilus influenzae MurA (Hi MurA) were identified using high-throughput screening of a chemical library from the Korea Chemical Bank. The identified compounds contain a quinoline moiety and have much lower effective inhibitory concentrations ($IC_{50}$) than fosfomycin, a wellknown inhibitor of MurA. These inhibitors appear to covalently modify the sulfhydryl group of the active site cysteine (C117), since the C117D mutant Hi MurA was not inhibited by these compounds and excess dithiothreitol abolished their inhibitory activities. The increased mass value of Hi MurA after treatment with the identified inhibitor further confirmed that the active-site cysteine residue of Hi MurA is covalently modified by the inhibitor.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.437-445
• /
• 1995

This experiment was carried out to study the preventive effect of cysteine on the toxicities of captafol to the hematological and serum biochemical values. A single dose of captafol(5mg/kg BW, ip) was given to male Sprague-Dawley rats and its toxicities were evalutated by body weitht changes, autopsy findings, absolute organ weight, and hematological and serum biochemical parameters. The single dose of captafol caused significant decreases in body weitht, and absolute liver weight, as-cites, fibrin clot in abdominal cavity, adhesion of liver lobes significant elevation of number of RBC, hemoglobin concentration and serum AST activity, and decreased of serum phospholipid level. Where as cysteine(over 58mg/kg BW) given immediately after captafol appeared to prevent the ascites, fibrin clot in abdominal cavity and liver lobe adhesion. It also prevented the liver and blood, especially RBC toxicites. The results suggest that cysteine and other compounds containing sulfhydryl groups may protect the subjects from captafol-induced toxicity.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.33-39
• /
• 2008

The genotoxicity of mercury compounds have been investigated with a variety of genetic endpoints in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The mercury ions are positively charged and easily form complexes with DNA by binding with negatively charged centers to cause mutagenesis. Further, the mercury ions can react with sulfhydryl (-SH) groups of proteins associated with DNA replication and alter genetic information. Another mechanism by which mercury damages DNA molecule is via its probable involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces DNA strand breaks. In order to investigate whether the ROS production was induced by mercury, we performed ROS assay. As the result, the ROS production was significantly increased when it grows dose-dependently and time-dependently. We compared mercury alone-treated group and mercury co-treated with Vitamin C or glutathione group. As the result, the ROS production induced by mercury was decreased by Vitamin C and glutathione. Co-treated with Vitamin C and glutathione group was the most effective to lowering ROS production induced by mercury.

• BMB Reports
• /
• v.31 no.6
• /
• pp.554-559
• /
• 1998

Activities of glutathione- and thioredoxin-related enzymes and phenylpropanoid-synthesizing enzymes were measured and compared in the developing leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity is maximal in the leaves of 2-wk-grown Arabidopsis. Tyrosine ammonia-lyase activity is maximal in the leaves of 3-wk-grown and 4-wk-grown Arabidopsis. Activity of thioitransferase, an enzyme involved in the reduction of various disulfide compounds, is higher in younger leaves than in older ones. A similar pattern was obtained in the activity of thioredoxin, a small protein known as a cofactor of ribonucleotide reductase and a regulator of photosynthesis. Activity of glutathione reductase is also higher in the younger leaves. Malate debydrogenase activity remains relatively constant during the development of Arabidopsis leaves. The results offer preliminary information for further approach to elucidate the mechanism of growth-dependent variations of these enzymes.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.223-227
• /
• 2007

Ground garlic inhibited the cross-linking reaction of myosin and incorporation of monodansylcadaverine (MDC) in salted Alaska pollack surimi catalyzed by transglutaminase (TGase). The component responsible for the inhibition was a thermostable, low molecular weight compound. The component also inhibited microbial transglutaminase (MTGase). The inhibition by garlic was reversibly recovered upon addition of 2-mercaptoethanol. The inhibitory component was therefore hypothesized to contain sulfhydryl groups within its structure. Alliin itself did not inhibit the cross-linking reaction. However, the addition of alliin together with garlic increased the inhibition. This result suggested that compounds derived from alliin was responsible for the inhibition of TGase activity.