• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.127-130
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• 1983

Esophageal atresia and Tracheoesophageal fistula may occur as separate entities but usually occur in combination. First described by Durston in 1970, esophageal atresia was not successfully treated until 1939 when the first two survivors of staged correction were described by Ladd and Leven. In 1941, Haight and Towsley performed the first successful primary repair. Authors report four cases of esophageal atresia of which two cases were treated surgically in success with Haight`s method. The type of four cases were all the same as upper blind pouch and lower tracheoesphageal fistula. Two of them were associated with verterbral defect, imperforate anus and/or rib fusion. Two cases died within seven days due to parent`s refusal for operative therapy, others were treated surgically with Haight`s method. Operative patients tolerated all the operative procedure and recovered uneventfully, permitted feeding on 7th postoperative day. On follow up study, one patient revealed intermittent regurgitation and corrected with bougienation another with good health without complication.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1081-1087
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• 2011

An internally radiating photobioreactor was applied for the production of astaxanthin using the unicellular green alga Haematococcus pluvialis. The cellular morphology of H. pluvialis was significantly affected by the intensity of irradiance of the photobioreactor. Small green cells were widespread under lower light intensity, whereas big reddish cells were predominant under high light intensity. For these reasons, growth reflected by cell number or dry weight varied markedly with light conditions. Even under internal illumination of the photobioreactor, light penetration was significantly decreased as algal cells grew. Therefore, we employed a multistage process by gradually increasing the internal illuminations for astaxanthin production. Our results revealed that a multistage process might be essential to the successful operation of a photobioreactor for astaxnthin production using H. pluvialis.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.11-17
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• 2001

Micronization of sensor is a trend of the silicon sensor development with regard to a piezoresistive silicon pressure sensor, the size of the pressure sensor diaphragm have become smaller year by year, and a microaccelerometer with a size less than $200{\sim}300{\mu}m$ has been realized, In this paper, we study some of the bonding processes of SCS(single crystal silicon) insulator wafer for the microaccelerometer. and their subsequent processes which might affect thermal loads. The finite element method(FEM) has been a standard numerical modeling technique extensively utilized in micro structural engineering discipline for design of SCS insulator wafers. Successful temperature distribution analysis and design of the SCS insulator wafers based on the tunneling current concept using microaccelerometer depend on the knowledge about normal mechanical properties of the SCS and $SiO_2$ layer and their control through manufacturing processes.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2018

Ankle arthrodesis is a common and standard treatment for patients with end-stage ankle arthritis. The surgical goals of ankle arthrodesis are to obtain bony union between the tibia and talus with adequate alignment, and provide a pain-free plantigrade foot for weightbearing activities. To achieve successful fusion, the surgeon should closely examine the patient's factors before surgery, particularly the following: adjacent arthritis and deformity, infection, avascular necrosis of talus, Charcot arthropathy, and rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, ankle arthroplasty has been reported to provide satisfactory clinical results. On the other hand, long-term follow-up results are still lacking, and considering the various complications of arthroplasty, ankle arthrodesis is still the primary surgical treatment for advanced arthritis of the ankle joint.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.18-29
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• 1991

Nuclear transplantation technique is known as the most potential and efficient method for producing a large number of genetically identical animals from a single embryo. The technical development of nuclear transplantation in mammals and its application to the production of cloned animals are described. For the efficient and successful production of cloned embryos by nuclear transplantation, the right selection and micromanipulation of recipient eggs or embryos as capacious recipient cytoplasm, the adequate and benefitlal preparation of multiple totipotent embryonic cells as donor nuclei, and also the fusion technique are very critical. Recent studies approaching to these critical points are introduced and discussed. Up to date, the overall efficiency of production of cloned embryos and offspring in livestock is estimated to be low. Further technical development of nuclear transplantation will enable large-scale production of cloned livestock and in near future the commercial cloning of animals will become a reality.

• BMB Reports
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.26-36
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• 2016

Emerging trends for cardiac tissue engineering are focused on increasing the biocompatibility and tissue regeneration ability of artificial heart tissue by incorporating various cell sources and bioactive molecules. Although primary cardiomyocytes can be successfully implanted, clinical applications are restricted due to their low survival rates and poor proliferation. To develop successful cardiovascular tissue regeneration systems, new technologies must be introduced to improve myocardial regeneration. Electrospinning is a simple, versatile technique for fabricating nanofibers. Here, we discuss various biodegradable polymers (natural, synthetic, and combinatorial polymers) that can be used for fiber fabrication. We also describe a series of fiber modification methods that can increase cell survival, proliferation, and migration and provide supporting mechanical properties by mimicking micro-environment structures, such as the extracellular matrix (ECM). In addition, the applications and types of nanofiber-based scaffolds for myocardial regeneration are described. Finally, fusion research methods combined with stem cells and scaffolds to improve biocompatibility are discussed. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(1): 26-36]

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.580-585
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• 2000

The atlantoaxial rotatory fixation is a uncommon disease of deformity, occuring much more frequently in children than in adults. Despite of its benign clinical course, delayed recognition or improper management may cause persistent deformity or recurrence. We report three cases of typical atlantoaxial rotatory fixation. Successful reduction was achieved with posterior atlantoaxial fusion in one case and nonoperative treatment in others. We emphasize that it is necessary to perform dynamic CT scan to obtain correct diagnosis and to plan proper treatment for this disease entity.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.116-122
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• 2012

Purpose: Subtalar arthrodesis has been the gold standard for the painful subtalar joint disorders. Successful subtalar arthrodesis requires fusion of the 3 facet joints. The purpose of the study is to compare the clinical outcome of the posterior fixation (P2) and anterior-posterior (A1P1) fixation technique for subtalar arthrodesis which enhance anterior and middle facet fixation. Materials and Methods: The study is based on the 20 feet (19 patients) of the subtalar arthrodesis utilizing cannulated screws from September 2006 to September 2009 with at least 1-year follow-up. Two fixation techniques were utilized for the subtalar arthrodesis: 1) posterior fixation only (P2, 7 feet, 35%) and 2) anterior-posterior (A1P1) fixation method (13 feet, 65%). Visual Analog Scale Pain (VAS) score, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score (maximum: 94 points), the time for returning to daily living and the patient satisfaction were also evaluated. Results: Average follow-up period were 13.2 months (12-3 mo). The AOFAS score improved from preoperative average 45 (0-68) to 81.6 (62-94), while VAS score was decreased from average 8.0 (3-10) to 1.8 (0-5) at final follow-up. Ninety-five percent of the patients were satisfied with surgery. All the patients returned to daily living at average 7.2 months (2-15 mo) post-surgery. Radiographically, 2 techniques both showed 100% fusion of the posterior compartment of the subtalar joint. Postoperative complications were 1 case of low grade infection and 1 case of sural nerve neuralgia. Conclusion: The subtalar arthrodesis using A1P1 fixation technique showed better fusion rate of the anterior compartment of the subtalar joint compared to P2 fixation technique although the 2 techniques both showed similar favorable clinical outcome. Therefore the A1P1 fixation technique is found to be a viable option to address chronic painful subtalar joint disorders to enhance the anterior compartment fixation.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.235-246
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• 2014

This study aims to explore how in-service science teachers adopt newly developed 'Science' focusing on the fusion of science based on 'the diffusion of innovation' model. For this study, we have explored five variables (i.e., perception of need, perception of support, innovativeness, perceived usefulness, self-efficacy of teaching, and intention to adopt) based on literature review and developed survey items to measure the level of five variables that in-service science teachers perceive. In addition, the path model of six variables explaining how in-service science teachers adopt an innovation was hypothesized by the literature review. A total of 349 in-service science teachers have participated in this survey study. First of all, results have illustrated that the levels of six variables have not significantly associated with in-service science teachers' teaching experiences, participation in professional development programs on 'Science' curriculum, and majors. In addition, the statistically acceptable model fit indices have illustrated that path model has been statistically valid to explain how in-service science teachers adopt newly developed 'Science' focusing on the fusion of science. The results have also illustrated that 'perception of support', 'perceived usefulness', and 'self-efficacy of teaching' exhibited strong mediating effects between other variables. For the successful establishment of newly developed curricula, textbook, or policies in science education in school, the level of teachers' intention to adopt innovations should be enhanced. This study will be useful for the development of new science teacher professional development programs to promote the level of teachers' intention to adopt innovations.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.21-55
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• 2014

The rates of technological innovation and environmental change as well as market competition have recently accelerated, which makes it difficult for firms to satisfy the needs of their customers through existing product innovation or limited services. Some firms have attempted to find the solutions to this problem by conducting business model (BM) innovation. This study reviews the theoretical discussion to BM innovation and suggests propositions concerning the necessity of BM innovation and conditions of successful BM innovation. Furthermore, the study examines the applicability of the propositions and draws strategic implications by analysing the cases of two world-wide leading firms, AVL and ETAS, in the automobile R&D service sector. In particular, the study investigates how the firms with technological competence in the R&D service sector obtain market performance through BM innovation. Results of this study show that the case firms recognize the necessity of BM innovation based on product (or technology)-service fusion to effectively propose customer value and create corporate profit. Also, the firms exploit firm-specific complementary assets for successful BM innovation. This paper contributes to the literature of innovation management by promoting academic discussion concerning BM innovation in Korea and suggesting strategic implications for further development of R&D service sector and related firms in Korea.