• Health Policy and Management
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.240-250
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• 2018

By the end of 2017, in a world of 7.6 billion people, there were inequalities in healthcare indices both within and between nations, and this gap continues to increase. Therefore, this study aims to understand the current status of regional inequalities in healthcare indices and to find an action plan to tackle regional health inequality through a geo-economic review in Korea. Since 2008, there was great inequality in life expectancy and healthy life expectancy by region in not only metropolitan cities but also districts in Korea. While the community health statistics from 2008-2017 show a continuous increase of inequality during the last 10 years in most healthcare indices related to noncommunicable diseases (except for some, like smoking), the inequality has doubled in 254 districts. Furthermore, health inequality intensified as the gap between urban (metropolitan cities) and rural regions (counties) for rates of obesity (self-reported), sufficient walking practices, and healthy lifestyle practices increased from twofold to fivefold. However, regionalism and uneven development are natural consequences of the spatial perspective caused by state-lead developmentalism as Korea has fixed the accumulation strategy as its model for growth with the background of export-led industrialization in the 1960s and heavy and chemical industrialization in the 1970s, although the Constitution of the Republic of Korea recognizes the legal value of balanced development within the regions by specifying "the balanced development of the state" or "ensuring the balanced development of all regions." In addition, the danger of a 30% decline or extinction of local government nationwide is expected by 2040 as we face not only a decline in general and ageing populations but also the era of the demographic cliff. Thus, the government should continuously operate the "Special Committee on Regional Balanced Development" with a government-wide effort until 2030 to prevent disparities in the health conditions of local residents, which is the responsibility of the nation in terms of strengthening governance. To address the regional inequalities of rural and urban regions, it is necessary to re-adjust the basic subsidy and cost-sharing rates with local governments of current national subsidies based mainly on population scale, financial independence of local government, or distribution of healthcare resources and healthcare indices (showing high inequalities) overall.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.33-56
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• 2006

Primary care takers, especially older parents, who live with and care for an adult child with mental illness struggle with the dilemma of who will provide for their child's social and emotional needs and physical care requirements when they can no longer care so. Therefore, 'Permanency plan(financial, residential, legal plan)' is very important for social integration and normalization of mental illness adults. This study aims to introduce the mental health systems in New Zealand and to investigate the permanency plan strategies(benefit, supplements, and the laws) of the government and community support services of NGOs through the interviews with team leaders of representative NGO, Te Korowai Aroha. Permanency plan strategies of New Zealand Government and NGOs are as follows. 1) Financial plans for adults with mental illness include main benefit(invalid benefit), various allowances(family allowance and disability allowance), and wage subsidies for employment. 2) The Government provide accommodation supplement and re-establishment grant for residential plan. And NGOs have supported accommodation program to provide support and accommodation that are important for social integration. 3) Adult mental illness is provided the support of welfare guardian and property manager under the Protection of Personal and Property Rights Act. According the results, this study concluded that social services for the mental illness which secure supported accommodation and benefits is strongly needed. At the same time, mental health delivery system is needed to make distinction between social services and clinical services.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.587-614
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• 2018

The Korean government is aiming to strengthen industrial and national competitiveness through the promotion of cooperation between universities, public research institutes and industry and vitalization of technology transfer. In 2013 and 2014, the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning have announced policies to support SMEs by public research organizations. In addition, in 2015, the 'Korean Fraunhofer support system', which pay government subsidies according to the amounts of private R&D funds was adopted. However, there are some concern about the government's policies. There is yet disclosed how these policies affect technology transfer because industrial R&D funding has not been activated in Korea unlike German. Therefore this paper analyzes effects of relationship between universities, public research institutes and external organizations on performance of technology transfer based on the Triple Helix Model. Empirical results show that the relationship with the government has a significant impact on the resource security and the relationship with the industry has a significant effect on the diffusion of the performance. In addition, a public research institute was selected and case analysis was conducted to suggest policy implications for improving the technology transfer performance of universities and public research institutes.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.257-273
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• 2011

This study aimed to identify the problems by analyzing the actual condition based on the legal requirements among Saemaul mini-libraries in Busan Metropolitan City. The results are like these. There were 154 Saemaul mini-Libraries. Of them, the rate of Small-Libraries which satisfied the requirements of a municipal library to the Library Act was 0%(0) in part of building floor space, 1%(1) in part of a reading room, 40%(59) in part of the data in a library and 31%(45) in the number of books to be supplemented per year. Mini-library which satisfied as the requirements for a small-scale public library was 37%(58) in part of the floor space, 66%(101) in part of a reading room, and 73%(112) in part of data in a library. 50%(77) of the mini-library was open more than 5 days per week. 52% (80) Mini-libraries was open for more than 5 hours per day. mini-library with permanent professionals(librarians) was only 1%(2). Mini-libraries of 99%(152) were non-professional workers(no librarians). For the average budget per year, 81%(127) spent less than 10 million won. 5%(5) received government subsidies. The mini-library of 74%(114) spent less than 5 million won on average for purchasing materials. Most of mini-libraries didn't meet the requirements of small-scale libraries to be private libraries or public libraries. It was also found that mini-libraries had various features on the location.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.103-112
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the current status and components of Korean National Debt and to analyze the effects of each component on National Debt. In the Korean Statistical Information Service (KOSIS), we searched for data such as General Accounting Deficit Conservation, For Foreign Exchange Market Stabilization, For Common Housing Stability, Local Government Net Debt Public Funds, etc that constitute National Debt. The analysis period used a total of 23 annual data from 1997 to 2019. The data collected in this study use the rate of change compared to the previous year for each component. Using this, this study attempted index analysis, numerical analysis, and model analysis. Correlation analysis result, the National Debt has a high relationship with the For Common Housing Stability. For Foreign Exchange Market Stabilization, Public Funds, etc., but has a low relationship with the Local Government Net Debt. Since 1997, National Debt has been increasing similarly to the For Foreign Exchange Market Stabilization, For Common Housing Stability and Public Funds etc. Since 2020, Korea is expected to increase significantly in terms of For Common Housing Stability and Public Funds, etc due to Corona19. At a time when the global economic situation is difficult, Korea's National Debt is expected to increase significantly due to the use of national disaster subsidies. However, if possible, the government expects to operate efficiently for economic growth and financial market stability.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.31-46
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• 2011

This research suggests for efficient operation of the e-commerce guarantee financing system in domestic industries by reviewing the definition, current situation and problems of the e-commerce guarantee financing system in operation since 2001. Throughout the 10 years of the e-commerce guarantee financing system's implementation, technological development has solved many previously concerning factors. The goal of the study is to resolve the current issues of the e-commerce guarantee financing system and offer means by which to expand the accessibility of the system to domestic industries and further assistance to firms already using the system. One of the primary policies supported by the research is the reallocation of funds from archaic means of exchanging finances to the modem e-commerce guaranteed financing methods because of the increased transparency of the trading. Specifically, the funding operated by government guarantee agencies requires systematic promotion, justifying subsidies and tax breaks to companies that are using e-commerce guarantee financing because of the increased overall transparency. In addition, the benefits of e-commerce guarantee financing as a means of funding are numerous: the promotion of good business, relaxation of credit ratings for company loans, construction of the mobile operating system for small businesses, and creation of policy flexibility in operating fund agencies run by government. Future research areas include continued collection and analysis of the above data provided and new market feedback such as direct poll surveys of the operating staff in companies using e-commerce guarantee financing agencies.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.50
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• pp.209-233
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• 2002

This study is to identify the relationship in non-profit social welfare organizations(SWOs) between financial sources and service delivery. Especially the impact of the former to the latter is its main concern. For this purpose, gathered are the 1992, 1999 financial reports of those study organizations, and some qualitative data on a number of the organizations collected by the author is also used for verifying and interpreting the data. Gronbjerg's study(1992) provided an analytical tool for decomposing financial structure of human service organizations, and resource-dependency perspective was a theoretical framework for interpreting the impact of financial composition to service delivery. The findings are as follows: (1) Between 1992 and 1999, there was a noticeable change in financial composition among SWOs. Government subsidies has increased in terms of both amounts and percentages, for residential facilities 75% to 82% and for nonresidential facilities 37% to 47%. Funding from donations shows no abrupt changes, although absolute amounts were slight increasing. Fees were sharply decreasing, especially for the non-residential facilities which previously enjoyed them as valuable resources for preventing unnecessary influence from government. (2) The funding sources of SWOs and their strategies to acquire them has impact on service delivery. Although non-government fundings(donations and fees) were found to give elasticity to SWOs, various problems associated with acquiring them (i.e., changing the clientele) would prohibit SWOs from fully concentrating to those fundings. Meanwhile, government fundings are characterized as stable, and, as such, most of the SWOs prefers. Limited elasticity, red-tape, 'sacrifice of quality of service' over efficiency, etc. are referred to the problems.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.69 no.2
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• pp.143-169
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to explore the implications of the integrated support through the 'health - medical - welfare' network and the specific context of the operation through the experiences of the users who participated in the 301 network project of Seoul northern municipal hospital. To do this, In-depth interviews were carried out with 10 research participants. The data was analyzed by general qualitative research methods. As a result of analysis, users lost their willingness because of living in a vicious cycle of poverty and illness before participating in 301 network services, but through the participation of the service, they were able to receive the integrated support of 'cure-care-life stability'. These experiences ultimately led to the regeneration of the will of their lives. At the basis of this experience were operating strategies and conditions such as the formation of a diverse professional team, the establishment of a linkage system within and outside the hospital, the establishment of a treatment linkage system through the acquisition of treatment subsidies, and the linkage of resources at mediation level. As the attempt to integrate 'health, medical and welfare' with well-coordinated strategies and conditions showed the possibility of complementing the limitation of the health welfare support system in Korea, the extension of the related business was suggested. For this, it suggested the more stable stabilization of the linkage system and the improvement of the institutional aspect.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.39-57
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• 2016

Many countries are developing transportation technologies aimed at reducing environmental pollution and the environmental burden. For example, environmentally friendly transportation routes and methods are being used to improve inland waterways in Europe. Against this backdrop, a case study was conducted on special cargo (weight cargo, earth and sand, etc.) on Korea's Gyeong-In Ara Waterway, an inland waterway connecting the Han River and the West Sea, serving a distribution function. The results of the analysis showed that coastal shipping could be promoted using the waterway, including a positive synergy among environmental, economic, and social aspects. That is, by shifting from overland transportation to marine transportation, it is possible to reduce environmental pollution, ease traffic congestion, decrease traffic accidents, and shorten the licensing period for the weight cargo demand of the northern area of the Han River. In this respect, the Gyeong-in Ara Waterway could become an environmentally friendly transportation route, promoting coastal shipping in Korea. However, for this to occur, support systems such as subsidies for marine transportation and using the inland waterway are required, as happens in the EU. Furthermore, existing policies to promote coastal shipping should be improved and applied more broadly.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.91-100
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• 2000

In 1997 the recession of Korean economy brought about the bankruptcy of large corporations and the large size of non-Performing financial assets which led to IMF financial crisis. One of the major reasons for IMF financial crisis was poor loan management of domestic financial institutions . During the restructuring process of financial institutions since the IMF financial crisis, the importance of the loan management has been recognized. Especially. financial institutions' credit allocation had been concentrated on a few big conglomerates and their subsidies as well as some specific business areas. Hence, risk-diversifying portfolio effects were not reflected in any loan portfolios. The IMF financial crisis in 1997 has clearly showed that credit-risk management is essential not only for individuals' loan but also for portfolios consisting of various loans The main objective of this paper is to provide some suggestions on the direction for financial institutions in Korea to improve their loan portfolio management. Particularly, for the effective management of loan portfolios, this paper introduces quantitative credit-risk management schemes such as KMV models and CreditMetrics which are commonly used in financial institutions in advanced countries. Financial institutions in Korea should make their best efforts to establish a more scientific as well as quantitative loan portfolio management.