• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.189-195
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• 2006

A study was conducted to develop optimal conditions for a large-scale, sequential separation method for value-added components from egg yolk. Starting with liquid egg yolk, immunoglobulin Y (IgY), phospholipids, and neutral lipids were extracted sequentially using water, ethanol, and n-hexane. The remainder was yolk proteins. Adjusting the pH of diluted egg yolk to pH 5.0-5.2 decreased phospholipids content in the supernatant after centrifugation, which was very important for preventing clogging problem of ultrafiltration filters during the subsequent concentration step for IgY separation. Extraction of precipitants after centrifugation with four volumes of 100% ethanol once removed most of the phospholipids and the purity of phospholipids was more than 85% (wt.) after drying. The subsequent extraction of precipitant from ethanol extraction with four volumes of hexane 3 times removed neutral lipids almost completely and resulted in a high protein product with minimal lipids. The sequential separation method is considered to be advantageous for large-scale separations of many valuable components from egg yolk.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.145-150
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• 2012

Pb-contaminated soil at a clay shooting range was analyzed by the sequential extraction method to identify metal binding properties in terms of detrital and non-detrital forms of the soil. Most of the metals in the soils existed as non-detrital forms, exchangeable and carbonate-bound forms, which could be easily released from the soil by a washing method. Therefore, the characteristics of Pb desorption for remediation of the Pb-contaminated soil were evaluated using hydrochloric acid (HCl) by a washing method. Batch experiments were performed to identify the factors influencing extraction efficiency. The effects of the solid to liquid (S/L) ratio (1:2, 1:3, and 1:4), soil particle size, and extraction time on the removal capacity of Pb by HCl were evaluated. Soil samples were collected from two different areas: a slope area (SA) and a land area (LA) at the field. As results, the optimal conditions at 2.8 to 0.075 mm of particle size were 1:3 of the S/L ratio and 10 min of extraction time for SA, and 1:4 of the S/L ratio and 5 min of extraction time for LA. The characteristics of Pb desorption were adequately described by two-reaction kinetic models.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2010년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.455-458
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• 2010

Extracting the brain from magnetic resonance imaging head scans is an essential preprocessing step of which the accuracy greatly affects subsequent image analysis. The currently popular Brain Extraction Tool produces a brain mask which may be too smooth for practical use to reduce the accuracy. This paper presents a novel and indirect brain extraction method based on non-brain tissue segmentation. Based on ITK, the proposed method allows a non-brain contour by using region growing to match with the original image naturally and extract the brain tissue. Experiments on two set of MRI data and 2D brain image in horizontal plane and 3D brain model indicate successful extraction of brain tissue from a head.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.289-292
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• 2010

This study used a modified cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method to efficiently extract DNA from the plant pathogenic fungus Cercospora sojina. Total DNA yield obtained by this method was approximately 1 mg/g of mycelia (fresh weight), and the mean ratio of A260/A280 and A260/A230 were 2.04 and 2.1, respectively. The results of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis, digestion with restriction enzymes, and Southern hybridization indicated that polysaccharides were effectively removed by this method, and the resulting DNA was sufficient for use in subsequent molecular analysis.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2004

In this paper, we present a new method that combines the characteristics of edge in-formation and second-order neural networks for the classification of structural textures. The edges of a texture are extracted using an edge detection approach. From this edge information, classification features called second-order features are obtained. These features are fed into a second-order neural network for training and subsequent classification. It will be shown that the main disadvantage of using structural methods in texture classifications, namely, the difficulty of the extraction of texels, is overcome by the proposed method.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2002

The study of microbial communities in sediments is impaired by the lack of reliable extraction methods. This study reports on the efficiency of recovery of a method for extracting bacteria, protists and diatoms from sandy sediments using a modified decant/fix method. The best extractions were achieved after fixation with a microtubule stabilising fixative and subsequent sonication for 80 seconds. We estimate that the efficiencies of recovery of bacteria and mixed heterotrophic flagellates were $96.4{\pm}3.5\%$ and $96.9{\pm}4.6\%$, respectively. Diatoms were recovered with an efficiency of 38-83% and varied considerably from species to species. This study suggests that the decant/fix method is effective in extracting small cells such as bacteria and heterotrophic flagellates, and that the efficiency of recovery of the method varies due to cell length and different types of organisms. When microbial carbon biomass had been underestimated by up to 32%, with much of that relating to larger cells such as microalgae and ciliates. We note that the corrected abundances may be still a subset of the total numbers present.

• 한국환경독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경독성학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.145-145
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• 2003

A method for the determination of alkylphenols, chlorophenols and bisphenol A in paper materials using GC/MS-SIM has been developed. Eleven endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) of phenols in paper samples were extracted with acetonitrile. Also, solid-phase extraction (SPE) with XAD-4 and subsequent conversion to isobutoxycarbonyl derivatives or tert.-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives for sensitive analysis with the selected ion-monitoring (SIM) mode. The recoveries were 82.4∼108.8 % by area ratio of pheranthrene-d$\sub$10/ vs bisphenol A d$\sub$l6/. (isoBOC derivatization and TBDMS derivatization) The SIM responses were linear with the correlation coefficient varying 0.9717∼0.9995 (isoBOC derivatization), and 0.9842∼0.9980 (TBDMS derivatization). The range of concentrations was respectively, 0.95∼l.44 ng/g in 2,4-dichlorophenol, 1.01∼1.17 ng/g in t-butylphenol, 2.17∼5.84 ng/g in pentachlorophenol, 12.68∼14.88 ng/g in nonylphenol and 30.84∼153.72 ng/g in bisphenol A.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.1309-1313
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• 2004

A simple and reliable method has been developed to selectively separate and concentrate trace amounts of thallium ion from real samples for the subsequent measurement by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Thallium ions are absorbed quantitatively during passage of aqueous real samples through an octadecyl bonded silica membrane disk modified by 4-(4-Chloro-phenylazo)-2-[(4-hydroxy-phenylamino)-methyl]-phenol. The retained $Tl^+$ ions are then stripped from the disk quantitatively with a minimal amount of thiosulfate solution as eluent. The proposed method permitted large enrichment factors of about 130 and higher. The relative standard deviation for ten replicate extraction of thallium from 1 L samples containing 5 ${\mu}g$ thallium is 1.2%. The break through volume for 5 ${\mu}g$ thallium is 1000 mL. The limit of detection of the proposed method is 11.2 ng of $Tl^+$ per 1000 mL. The effects of various cationic interferences on the recovery of thallium in binary mixtures were studied. The method was applied to the recovery of $Tl^+$ ions from natural water and human hair samples.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.897-904
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• 2022

스포츠 영상은 중요한 정보 자원에 속하여 있고 정확다가 높게 스포츠 영상 속에 유효 클립을 추출할 수 있어서 코치를 잘 보조하여 영상에서 선수들의 동작을 분석하며 사용자가 더 직관적으로 선수들의 타격 자세를 감상할 수 있다. 현재 스포츠 영상 클립 추출된 결과가 주관이 뚜렷하고 업무량이 많고 저효율 등 결함에 대해 MobileNetV3을 기반으로 스포츠 비디오 클립 분류 방법을 제시하였고 사용자의 시간이 절약하게 한다. 실험이 추출된 유효 클립에 대한 유효성 평가를 진행했으며 추출된 클립에서 유효적인 비율은 97.0%로 자지해서 유효 클립이 추출된 결과는 양호를 밝히는 동시 후속 배드민턴 동작의 원본 영상 데이터 집합의 구성을 위한 기초를 다진다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2018

A total of 41 Salmonella (S.) strains were isolated from pigs suffered with severe watery diarrhea and were tried to identify by both matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Fibrinous exudate and ulceration in the large intestine were prevalent in gross observation, and variable degrees of enteritis were observed in the histology of large intestines. Subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses demonstrated that 41 strains were identified as S. Typhimurium (39 strains), though 2 stains were failed to identify. Further identification was performed using both direct smear and protein extraction method by MALDI-TOF MS analyses. In terms of extraction methods, 100% (41/41) of isolates were identified to species level of S. spp. Whereas only 43.9% (18/41) were identified to species level using the direct method. These results thus suggest that rapid and accurate diagnosis of porcine salmonellosis can be guaranteed by MALDI-TOF MS combined with protein extraction method.