• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.243-250
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• 2022

Subsea power cables are subjected to various external loads induced by environmental and mechanical factors during manufacturing, shipping, and installation. Therefore, the prediction of the structural strength is essential. In this study, experimental and theoretical analyses were performed to investigate the axial stiffness of subsea power cables. A uniaxial tensile test of a 6.5 m three-core AC inter-array subsea power cable was carried out using a 10 MN hydraulic actuator. In addition, the resultant force was measured as a function of displacement. The theoretical model proposed by Witz and Tan (1992) was used to numerically predict the axial stiffness of the specimen. The Newton-Raphson method was employed to solve the governing equation in the theoretical analysis. A comparison of the experimental and theoretical results for axial stiffness revealed satisfactory agreement. In addition, the predicted axial stiffness was linear notwithstanding the nonlinear geometry of the subsea power cable or the nonlinearity of the governing equation. The feasibility of both experimental and theoretical framework for predicting the axial stiffness of subsea power cables was validated. Nevertheless, the need for further numerical study using the finite element method to validate the framework is acknowledged.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.324-332
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• 2018

It is known that damages to the subsea cables used for electric power transmission between islands and countries, including renewable energy from offshore wind power, current, tides, etc., cost much to restore, which causes social and economic losses. Various types of fishing rigs and anchors have been reported to be the greatest hazards to subsea cables. It is possible to design and construct a suitable protection facility for a subsea cable by precisely estimating the underwater behavior of such hazardous apparatuses. In this study, numerical simulations of the underwater behaviors of various hazardous apparatuses were carried out using fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis as a basic study to simulate the actual behavior phenomena of hazardous apparatuses in relation to a subsea cable. In addition, the underwater drop characteristics according to the types of hazardous apparatuses were compared. In order to verify the accuracy of the FSI analysis method used in this study, we compared the test results for underwater drops of a steel ball bearing. Stock anchors, stockless anchors, and rocket piles, which were actually reported to be the cases of damage to subsea cables along the southwest coast of Korea, were considered as the hazardous apparatuses for the numerical simulations. Each hazardous apparatus was generated by a Lagrangian model and coupled with the fluid domain idealized by the Eulerian equation to construct the three-dimensional FSI analysis model. The accuracy of the numerical simulation results was verified by comparing them with the analytical solutions, and the underwater drop characteristics according to the types of hazard apparatuses were compared.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.5105-5114
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• 2013

본 논문은 심해저 환경을 고려한 케이블 및 필터 설계에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 심해저 플랜트에서 사용하고 있는 전기 아키텍처는 해상에서 고전압의 전원 공급 장치, 고용량 구동시스템, 장거리 케이블과 전동기로 구성되어있다. 전도 노이즈는 전동기 구동용 인버터의 고속 스위칭 시 발생하는 급속한 전압변화로 인해 발생하며, 케이블의 길이가 길어질수록 전동기에 심각한 과도 전압을 발생시킨다. 따라서 심해저 플랜트에 사용되는 장거리 케이블의 R, L, 선간 C, 선-접지 C를 고려한 선로를 설계하여 구동 전동기에 발생하는 과전압을 확인하였다. 또한, PWM 인버터 구동시스템의 전도 노이즈 저감을 위한 필터를 설계하여 심해저 플랜트 모델의 가이드라인을 제안하고자 한다.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 1997

오늘날의 정보통신시대에 있어서는 대용량의 정보를 전달할 수 있는 해저광케이블의 역할이 더욱 중하나 열악한 해양환경에 놓여 있어 설치시나 운용시에 파손의 가능성이 높으며 파손시 막대한 손실을 초래한다. 본 연구에서는 해저케이블 해석에 적용되는 여러 수치기법중 유한차분법에 근거하여 포설시뮬레이션 프로그램을 개발하였으며 케이블 포설시의 2차원 동적거동해석을 수행하였다. 여러 경우에 대한 예제해석을 수행한 결과 프로그램에 의한 계산 결과가 만족스러운 것으로 확인되었으며 케이블에 대한 직선형상이론을 적용한 결과와도 잘 일치하였다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제58권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2021

In the production power transmitting of a floating production system like a wind offshore floating, the power cable should be connected from the surface system into the subsea system. The connection between the surface and the subsea system will make the power cable get a dynamic load like current and wave forces. Based on this condition, a dynamic power cable is required to endure external physical force and vibration in the long-term condition. It needs more requirements than static power cable for mechanical fatigue properties to prevent failures during operations in marine environments where the external and internal loads work continuously. As a process to verify, the durability test of dynamic power cables under the marine operation environment condition was carried out by using domestic technology development.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.278-287
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• 2023

This study aims to analyze and evaluate the structural strength of a 53ft Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) tank container according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 1496-3, amidst growing global demand for LNG transportation. The research was conducted in two main stages: structural analysis using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) under various load conditions, and structural strength tests following ISO 1496-3 test procedures. The structural analysis was performed considering different loading conditions to assess the structural safety of the tank container. Calculated stresses were compared with allowable stress under specified load conditions. The structural strength tests were conducted at Mokpo National University's Subsea Umbilical cable Riser Flowline R&D Center, which provided a suitable testing environment. The study found that calculated stresses met the allowable stress under specified load conditions, confirming the structural safety of the tank container. Additionally, the maximum deformation and permanent deformation satisfied the design criteria for all test cases, indicating the container's structural strength meets requirements. The research also contributed valuable data for future structural strength tests of similar products and facilitated the development of safe and efficient LNG transportation solutions by developing effective test procedures in accordance with ISO 1496-3 standards.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2017년도 공동학술발표회
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• pp.91-91
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• 2017

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제60권5호
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• pp.375-387
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• 2023

The subsea power cables are increasingly important for harvesting renewable energies as we develop offshore wind farms located at a long distance from shore. Particularly, the continuous flexural motion of inter-array dynamic power cable of floating offshore wind turbine causes tremendous fatigue damages on the cable. As the subsea power cable consists of the helical structures with various components unlike a mooring line and a steel pipe riser, the fatigue analysis of the cables should be performed using special procedures that consider stick/slip phenomenon. This phenomenon occurs between inner helically wound components when they are tensioned or compressed by environmental loads and the floater motions. In particular, Vortex-induced vibration (VIV) can be generated by currents and have significant impacts on the fatigue life of the cable. In this study, the procedure for VIV fatigue analysis of the dynamic power cable has been established. Additionally, the respective roles of programs employed and required inputs and outputs are explained in detail. Demonstrations of case studies are provided under severely sheared currents to investigate the influences on amplitude variations of dynamic power cables caused by the excitation of high mode numbers. Finally, sensitivity studies have been performed to compare dynamic cable design parameters, specifically, structural damping ratio, higher order harmonics, and lift coefficients tables. In the future, one of the fundamental assumptions to assess the VIV response will be examined in detail, namely a narrow-banded Gaussian process derived from the VIV amplitudes. Although this approach is consistent with current industry standards, the level of consistency and the potential errors between the Gaussian process and the fatigue damage generated from deterministic time-domain results are to be confirmed to verify VIV fatigue analysis procedure for slender marine structures.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.815-824
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• 2022

해상풍력발전과 같은 간헐성 재생에너지원의 급격한 성장은 바다를 횡단하는 장거리의 전기에너지의 변환 필요성을 증가시키고 있다. 넓고 깊은 바다에 걸쳐서 장거리 대용량 전력송전을 위한 해법중의 하나는 HVDC 해저 전력케이블을 사용하는 것이다. 그러나 교류자계가 없는 직류전력 케이블의 다양한 해양조건을 갖는 연속허용전류와 관련한 표준이나 연구가 없다. 본 연구에서는 대표적인 두 종류의 해저케이블 모델과 남해안과 서해안 두 지역의 해양 요건을 가정하여 직류케이블의 연속허용전류를 모의하였다. 모의 결과를 보면 직류케이블의 연속허용전류는 해저 지반 깊이에 기반한 감소 구배 특성을 갖고 있는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.539-544
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• 2015

해양구조물의 가동해역이 대수심으로 이동함에 따라 해저파이프라인 및 해저케이블은 육지보다 열악한 시공 환경에 놓이게 된다. 이때 해저지반상태와 해상조건 등은 작업효율에 영향을 미치게 되며 단시간에 효율적인 시공이 필요하다. 본 논문은 해저지반 굴삭을 위해 ROV(Remotely Operated Vehicle) 트렌쳐에 장착되는 워터젯 굴삭기의 시공성능 추정에 관한 연구이다. 먼저 전산유체해석을 통해 노즐간의 거리와 노즐 분사각도를 고려하여 굴삭효율을 극대화할 수 있는 최적 노즐수량을 선정하였고, 모형실험을 수행하여 굴삭기의 시공성능을 유추할 수 있는 최대 굴삭심도와 최대 굴삭속도를 파악하였다. 이를 토대로 실제 운용중인 워터젯 굴삭장비와 비교분석하여 워터젯 장비의 효율성을 확인하였다.