• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2010

Purpose : We evaluated the absorbed doses to the organs and calculated the effective doses when using the digital panoramic radiography. Materials and Methods : The absorbed dose averages in major organs of oral and maxillofacial region were measured using the Dental head phantom (CIRS Co., USA), $^nLi_2B_4O_7$ TLD chip and UD-716AGL dosimeter (Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., JPN) when performing indirect and direct digital panoramic radiography. Effective doses were calculated from correspond to ICRP 2007 recommendations for two panoramic radiography. Results : The absorbed dose average on indirect and direct digital panoramic radiography was highest in parotid glands as measured 1259.6 mGy and 680.7 mGy respectively. Absorbed dose average in another organs were high in order of esophagus, submandibular gland, tongue and thyroid gland on both types of digital panoramic radiography. The absorbed dose average was higher on indirect type than direct one (p<0.05). The effective dose was higher on indirect type than direct one as measured 13.28 mSv and 8.70 mSv respectively. Conclusion : The absorbed doses in salivary gland and oral mucosa were high. However, thyroid gland also demands the attention on radiography due to high tissue weighting factor in spite of the low absorbed dose.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.227-233
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• 1993

For malignant neoplasms of salivary tissues. two of the better determinants of progosis are histologic classification and size of the neoplasm. Proper management of these tumors requires an accurate diagnosis by the pathologist and correct interpretation by the surgeon. Malignant mixed tumors account for between 3 and 13 precent of all cancers of the salivary glands and 2 percent of all tumors in these locations. The typical history of these tumors is that of slowly growing mass demonstrating a sudden increase in growth. The duration of onset of the tumor mass and the diagnosis of malignancy has been demonstrated to be 10 to 18 years. The risk of malignat transformation of a benign mixed tumor increases with the duration of the tumor. We analyzed retrospectively 13 cases of malignant mixed tumor who visited from Jan. 1985 to Dec. 1992. Mean age of the patients was 56.5 years. The origin of tumors were parotid gland 7 cases, submandibular gland 2 cases, and minor salivary gland 4 cases(palate 3 cases, tonsil pillar 1 case). According to the criteria of the AJCC on staging, stage I was 1 case, stage II 1 case, stage III 2 cases, and stage IV 9 cases. Histopathologically, carcinma ex pleomorphic adenoma were 12 cases and the true malignant mixed tumor was 1 case. The major treatment modalities were curative surgery, and radiation therapy followed. In conclusion, aggressive therapy of combined surgery and postoperative radiation therapy is required for these lesions, and patients with known or suspected benign tumor should be encouraged to undergo surgery early on in their disease to avoid malignant degeneration at a later dete.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.277-286
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• 1997

저자들은 1988년부터 1996년까지 중앙대학교 부속병원에서 수술적으로 치료한 47례의 타액선 종양환자를 대상으로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 호발연령은 50대에서 가장 높았으며 악성종양의 경우 양성종양보다 호발연령이 높았다. 2) 여자에서 남자보다 호발하며 그 비율은 1.5;1 이었다. 3) 발생부위는 이하선이 가장 많아 48.9% 였으며, 악하선, 소타액선의 순이었으며 소타액선 종양은 구개에서 가장 많이 발생하였다. 4) 악성의 빈도는 소타액선에서 발생한 경우가 가장 높았으며, 악하선, 이하선 순이었다. 5) 가장 많은 증상은 무통성의 종물이었다. 6) 세침흡인 세포검사의 진단적 정밀도는 88.9% 였다. 7) 가장 흔한 타액선종양은 혼합종으로 전체의 57.4 %였다. 8) 악성종양 중 경부임파절 전이율은 22.2%였다. 9) 수술적 치료후 합병증의 발생률은 19.1% 였으며 일시적 안면신경마비가 가장 많았다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.148-158
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• 1991

마우스의 악하선 세포를 배양하기 위하여 악하선 조직으로부터 세포를 분리하는 조건과 분리된 세포의 배양조건을 조사하였다. 세포분리에는 0.25% trypsin을 사용하였으며 배양액은 여러 농도의 fetal bovine serum (FBS) 또는 low protein serum replacement(LPSR)가 첨가된 Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium(DME) 이었다. 배양된 세포의 대부분 상피형 세포로 확인 되었으며, 배양시 5-10%의 FBS를 첨가하였을 경우에 가장 높은 DNA합성능을 보였으나 이보다 높은 농도의 FBS 첨가시에는 오히려 DNA 합성능이 저하되었다. 혈청 대체물인 LPSR 첨가에 의한 악하선 세포를 배양 했을 때 population doubling time은 42.5 시간이었고 세포의 포화밀도는 1.2 $\times$10 5 cells / $cm^2$이었다. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)은 악하선 배양세포의 DNA 합성에 관여하지 않거나, 관여한다면 DNA 합성을 억제하는 것으로 보였다. 이에 반해 Thyroxine (T4)은 악하선 배양세포의 DNA 합성을 현저히 증가시켰다. T4와 DHT 모두다 배양세포의 단백질 합성능을 증가시켰다. 또한 이 호르몬들이 악하선 배양세포의 epidermal growth factor(EGF) 분비를 증가시킨 결과는 DHT와 T4는 악하선 세포의 EGF 생산 뿐만 아니라 EGF 분비의 조절에도 관련되어 있음을 시사한다. 본 실험에서 정해진 악하선 세포의 배양조건은 악하선 세포의 증식과 기능의 변조를 탐구하는데 유용하게 응용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.341-358
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• 1997

Clusterin is a highly glycosylated protein composed of two disulfide linked subunits. Although its biolobical action is not clearly defined, clusterin seems to be involved not only in remodeling of damaged tissue, but also in production of halitosis, the present study was designated to elucidate the expression of clusterin in the salivary gland of diabetic rats. For this study, 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were used for the experiment and divided into 2groups: control and experimental. The experimental group was composed of 18 rats and the control goup was 6 rats. After nduction of diabetes by STZ injection, the animals were sacrificed at 1,3,5,7,10,14 days. The parotid and submamndibular glands were observed histologically and the transcriptional expression of clusterin in the glands by Northern blot. The finding were as follows : 1. In experimental group, the salivary glands were observed at day 3 and then a seven destructive pattern was found in the glands at day 5. Howere, regeneration of gland tissue occured at day 14. 2. In experimental goup, destructive change was examined in the septal connective tissue after 7 days, and gradually more serious. 3. In experimental group, clusterin was expressed in the submandibular glands after 5 days, but in parotid glands to a lesser extent after 10 days. These results suggest that clusterin seems to be closely associated with histologic changes in the mucous glands rather serous glands.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.215-222
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• 1996

In the previous studies, we have demonstrated that prorenin converting enzyme (PRECE) was identical to the epidermal grouch factor-binding protein (EGF-BP) type B, which was a member of the mouse glandular kallikrein family, To examine whether or not EGF-BP type A and C are involved in the processing of prorenin, we have cloned the CDNAS of the EGF-BP type h and C from a library of male ICR mouse submandibular gland (SMGI. And then CHO cells were transfected with the EGF-BP expression plasmids. and stable cell lines expressing a high level of the EGF-BPS precursor were obtained. The conditioned medium was then treated with trypsin, which has been knotvn to effectively convert the EGF-BP type A and C precursor to the active forms. 수ubsequentlv, the prorenin converting activity of the trypsin-treated or untreated medium was examined. PRECE converted exactly prorenin to renin, but the prorenin converting activities of EGF-BP type A and C were not detected. From these results, it seems that only type B of these EGF-BPs is involved in processing Ren 2 prorenin in mouse SMG.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2001

목적: 이번 연구는 임상적으로 구내 건조증을 호소하는 환자에서 Tc-99m pertechnetate를 사용하여 역동적 타액선 신티그라피를 얻어 기능적 변수를 정량화 하고자 하였으며 그 결과를 정적 타액선 신티그라피와 비교하여 그 유용성을 비교하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 임상적으로 구내 건조증을 호소하는 환자 26명의 52개의 이하선과 52개의 악하선을 대상으로 하였다. 각각의 환자에서 역동적 타액선 신티그라피와 정적 타액선 신티그라피를 얻었다. 비교를 위하여 10명의 정상 대조군에서 같은 방법으로 타액선 신티그라피를 획득하였다. 370 MBq Tc-99m pertechnetate를 정주한 다음 10분 후에 자극 전 정적영상을 획득하였고 이어서 20분간 역동적 영상을 획득하였는데 이때 최타 자극을 위해 레몬 주스를 사용하였다. 역동적 영상을 획득한 후에 정적영상을 다시 획득하여 재섭취 영상으로 하였다. 역동적 영상에서는 섭취율, 분비율 및 재섭취율과 같은 기능적 변수를 획득하여 정상과 비정상을 판별하였다. 마지막으로 정적영상과 동적영상의 결과를 비교하였다. 결과: 모든 증례에서 역동적 타액선 신티그라피에서 섭취율, 분비율 및 재섭취율을 성공적으로 획득할 수 있었다. 역동적 신티그라피에서 각각 52개의 이하선과 악하선 중 22개의 이하선과 22개의 악하선이 비정상으로 판독되었다. 정적 신티그라피에서는 다른 결과가 초래 되었는데 역동적 타액선 신티그라피의 결과를 참조하여 그 원인을 추정할 수 있었다. 결론: Tc-99m perechnetate를 사용한 역동적 타액선 신티그라피는 정적 신티그라피보다 타액선의 기능적인 평가에 더 유리하다고 생각되며 임상적으로 구강건조증이 있는 환자에서 타액선의 기능적인 변화를 평가하는데 유용하다고 생각된다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.44-48
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• 2004

Primary malignancies of hard palate are rare, espicially adenocarcinoma of minor salivary gland in hard palate. The clinical stage of the tumor and its histologic grade at the time of treatment were significant predictors of survival. A 33-year-old woman was diagnosed with stage II, polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma of the hard palate and treated with surgery. We thougt that she would have excellent prognosis. After that, there was no definite evidence of recurrence during 3 months. Since then, the patient herself decided to discontunue follow-up. 9 years after that she came to the hospital due to both submandibular mass without any sign of local recurrence. CT scan and biopsy of the mass revealed multiple cervical metastatic adenocarcinoma without distant metastasis and the histologic findings were similar to that of the primary hard palate adenocarcinoma. So, we present this case with the review of literature.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.33-36
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• 2009

Purpose: Fractures of the mandibular condylar area are common injuries that account for 29% to 40% of fractures of the facial bones and represent 20% to 62% of all mandibular fractures. Currently 3 main methods are being used in the treatment of mandibular subcondylar fractures: closed reduction; open reduction and internal fixation; Endoscopic reduction and internal fixation. Each method has its proponents and opponent as well as advantages and disadvantages, and indications for each vary among surgeons. There are six approaches of open reduction: submandibular, retromandibular, preaurilcular, postauricular, intraoral, transparotid approach. Among them, transparotid approach has been described for subcondylar exposure with dissection in the direction of facial nerve fibers to expose the bone through the parotid gland. This approach carries the risk of a parotid glandular fistula as well as facial nerve injury but has the advantage of being directly over the fracture site. We report safety and efficacy of surgical treatment using a transparotid approach for direct plating. Methods: A 43-year-old man sustained multiple facial bone fractures by driver traffic accident. Mandibular subcondyle was fractured and dislocated internally. We performed open reduction and internal fixation by transparotid approach. Fractured site was fixed by titanium mini plate & screw. We applicated arch bar for approximately 3 weeks. Results: Follow-up length was about 5months. Scar of surgical incision was indistinct, there was no symptoms and signs of facial nerve and parotid gland injury, and maximal mouth opening was measured 49.5 mm. Conclusion: Transparotid approach has high risks of facial nerve and parotid gland injury, but paradoxically it is the most effective technique in saving facial nerve. Open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular subcondylar fracture by transparotid approach with precise and versed procedure, best outcome can be expected.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.162-164
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• 2016

Stafne bone cavity is a rare mandibular defect that was first reported by Edward C. Stafne in 1942. It commonly presents with a well-demarcated, asymptomatic, unilateral radiolucency that indicates lingual invagination of the cortical bone. A 52-year-old female patient who with nasal bone fracture, visited the hospital. During facial bone computed tomography (CT) for facial area evaluation, a well-shaped cystic lesion was accidentally detected on the right side of the mandible. Compared to the left side, no swelling or deformity was observed in the right side of the oral lesion, and no signs of deformity caused by mucosal inflammation. 3D CT scans, and mandible series x-rays were performed, which showed a well-ossified radiolucent oval lesion. Axial CT image revealed a cortical defect containing soft tissue lesion, which has similar density as the submandibular gland on the lingual surface of the mandible. The fact that Stafne cavity is completely surrounded by the bone is the evidence to support the hypothesis that embryonic salivary gland is entrapped by the bone. In most cases, Stafne bone cavity does not require surgical treatment. We believe that the mechanical pressure from the salivary gland could have caused the defect.