• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.234-245
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• 2008

Yeonkyopaedok-san(YPS) extract is widely used to treat the common cold. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of YPS on the common cold. Two hundred Patients with common colds of recent onset were randomized to the double blind, placebo-controlled study. They received 800 mg YPS extract or placebo in capsules, orally dissolved 3 times a day for 7 days. The total symptom score was assessed by the physician, using a 5-point scale on start and finish. Resolution of cold symptoms based on subjective daily symptoms. Total symptom score was significantly decreased in YPS groups in comparison to that in placebo group (p=0.027). Headache (p=0.012), loss of appetite (p=0.037), eyeball discomfort (p=0.002) were more affected. Time to resolution of cold symptoms did not show significant effect (p=0.592). Adverse effects were less in the YPS group than placebo group (2% vs 3%). In this community-based, randomized controlled trial, YPS were effective in treating cold symptoms in college students.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.218-224
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• 2016

Objective: This study reports on the effects of CheonPae-hwan among asthma patients.Method: This case study was conducted with two asthma patients who had visited a traditional Korean medicine clinic. CheonPae-hwan was prescribed to the two patients; we then evaluated the objective symptom changes through forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV₁). Dyspnea-subjective symptom change was evaluated with the visual analog scale (VAS).Results: In case 1, FVC increased from 2.24 to 2.55 after treatment, FEV₁ increased from 1.86 to 1.99, and VAS decreased from 2 to 0. In case 2, FVC increased from 1.51 to 2.79 after treatment, FEV₁ increased from 1.12 to 2.22, and VAS decreased from 8 to 5.Conclusion: CheonPae-hwan appeared to be effective for treating the two asthma patients in our study.

• Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.288-292
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• 2018

Objectives. To investigate the common causes of persistent septal deviation in revision septoplasty and to report the surgical techniques and results to correct them. Methods. A total of 100 consecutive patients (86 males) who had revision septoplasty due to persistent septal deviation from 2008 and 2014 were included in the study. Their mean age was 35.6 years and the mean follow-up duration was 9.1 months. Presenting symptoms, sites of persistent septal deviation, techniques used to correct the deviation, and surgical results were reviewed. Results. The mean interval between primary and revision surgery was 6.2 years. Forty-eight patients received revision septoplasty and 52 received revision septoplasty combined with rhinoplasty. Nasal obstruction was the most presenting symptom in almost all patients. The most common site of persistent septal deviation was middle septum (58%) followed by caudal septum (31%). Correcting techniques included further chondrotomy and excision of deviated portion in 76% and caudal batten graft in 39%. Rhinoscopic and endoscopic exams showed straight septum in 97% and 92 patients had subjective symptom improvement postoperatively. Conclusion. Middle septum and caudal septum were common sites of persistent deviation. Proper chondrotomy with excision of deviated middle septum and correction of the caudal deviation with batten graft are key maneuvers to treat persistent deviation.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.55-62
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• 2015

Purpose: The aims of this study were to evaluate the differences in subjective symptoms, clinical characteristics, distribution according to Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) subgroup, psychological profile of TMD patients, and to identify the prevalence and trend according to age. Methods: A total of 1,052 patients (261 men and 791 women; mean age, $34.40{\pm}15.73$ years) who visited the Orofacial Pain Clinic of the Department of Oral Medicine, Seoul National University Dental Hospital complaining of TMD symptoms of were evaluated. All patients were questioned for medical history, clinical symptoms and contributing factors. Clinical examination and patient grouping based on RDC/TMD was conducted. Radiographies were taken. The Korean version of RDC/TMD axis II and Symptom Checklist-90-Revision (SCL-90-R) were administered to evaluate pain-related disability level and psychological status of the patients. Results: Prevalence peaked in the 20-year-old age group. There were more women than men in all groups. The highest T-score among SCL-90-R dimensions was somatization in each group, except for teenagers who showed the highest T-score in interpersonal sensitivity. The 30-year-old age group showed the highest distribution of high disability based on the graded chronic pain scale. Age was positively associated with pain intensity (r=0.100), number of positive muscles on palpation (r=0.137) and negatively associated with maximum mouth opening (r=-0.168). Conclusions: Subjective symptoms and clinical characteristics of TMD patients show distinct tendencies according to different age groups. Treatment should be customized and personalized according to age for efficient symptom resolution and patient satisfaction.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.427-438
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to collect basic data the health care of postpartum women. Three hundred seventy five women who were 3 days postpartum were enrolled at two university hospitals. Data were collected from April 1999 to November, 1999 using a questionnaire titled 'Symptom Table on Fatigue Perception' designed by the Fatigue Research Committee of Japan. The collected data were scored by the use of mean and standard deviation according to the subjective symptoms of fatigue and each item was analyzed independent variable by the t-test and the ANOVA test. The results were as follows: 1. The average fatigue score of subjects was 1.61. Physical fatigue had the highest value with a mean of 1.82, followed by neuro-sensory fatigue with a mean score of 1.54, psychological fatigue was rated lowest with a mean of 1.45. 2. With the respect to the general characteristics of subjects, there were statistically significant differences in difficulty of labor (t=2.335. p=.020), sleeping time (t=2.340. p=.020) and desirability of pregnancy (t=2.409. p=.018).

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.226-234
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• 2004

Objective : The thyrotoxic periodic paralysis mainly appears in case of hyperthyroidism and the amyotonia is the characteristic main symptom. Through the deteriorated case and treatment by oriental medicine, the purpose of this research is to study the change of symptoms and the treatment effect for one case of a thyrotoxic periodic paralysis patient, Methods and Results : The treatment was carried out with oriental medicine as a main treatment and by the oriental medicinally deteriorated case, acupuncture treatment, moxibustion treatment and herbal medicine treatment were used as the main treatment methods. Also based on the symptoms which could appear with hyperthyroidism, the changes of symptoms were evaluated once a day with 4 levels of subjective scales that the patient was feeling, by dividing with 4 aspects of totalis symptoms, cardiovascular symptoms, musculoskeletal symptoms and other symptoms. In addition, it was shown that through the continuous hematologic test, the subjective and objective symptoms were mostly decreased during the treatment periods by comparing with the objective thyroid hormone (T3, T4, TSH) levels and the electrolyte levels. Conclusion : With this result, it was considered that oriental medicinal treatment was very effective for the thyrotoxic periodic paralysis through the oriental medicinally deteriorated case.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.84-93
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an essential oil mouthrinse with gingival massage on oral health in community indwelling elderly. Method: The subjects were composed of 61 healthy elderly at a Senior Welfare Center in J city. Thirty subjects in the experimental group were given toothbrushing education ongingival massage toothbrushing with an essential oil mouthrinse for 2 weeks(4 times per day, 3 minutes per session). The 31 subjects in the control group were given toothbrushing education ongingival massage toothbrushing. The effects of the treatment were measured by salivary pH, salivary IgA level, halitosis, oral subjective symptoms, and oral self care behavior scores before, right after and 2 weeks after the experiment. Results: Salivary pH was significantly increased(p=0.018) in the experimental group. Salivary IgA levels were not significantly different between the experimental and control groups; however, IgA levels of the experimental group were significantly increased(p=0.006) after time had passed. Halitosis was significantly decreased(p=0.002) in the experimental group. Oral subjective symptom scores were significantly decreased(p=0.000) and oral self care behavior scores were significantly increased(p=0.000) in the experimental group. Conclusion: Regular gingival massage toothbrushing with an essential oil mouthrinse could be an effective oral health nursing intervention for the elderly.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.433-439
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among subjective symptoms, depression, and stress coping behavior of university students. Method: The survey was carried out on a convenience sample of 298 university students. The questionnaire consisted of each scale for symptoms, depression, and stress coping behaviors. Data analysis procedure included the factor analysis for stress coping behaviors, and the correlation analysis describing a relationship among symptoms, depression, and stress coping behaviors. Result: There were significant correlations between depression and the three types of symptoms: general, psychological, and somatic symptom. Subjects using the negative-emotional-response coping and the self-control coping showed a more severe depression, and those using the problem-solvingㆍreappraisal coping and the positive-emotional-response coping showed a milder depression. Subjects using the negative-emotional-response coping complained of all 3 types of symptoms severely, and those using the positive-emotional-response coping complained of general symptoms mildly. Of five stress coping methods, the negative-emotional-response and the positive-emotional-response coping methods were related to both symptoms and depression significantly. Conclusion: This study suggests that the emotional-oriented coping method has more important role for university student’s depression and their subjective symptoms than the problem-oriented coping or social supports seeking coping. Further study needs to be conducted to help students effective coping mechanism for good mental health. Also it is necessary for university students to recognize that their symptoms are associated with depression.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.829-836
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to identify prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness(EDS) and its associations with sleep habits, sleep problems, depression, subjective health status and obesity in community dwelling adults. Method: Data was collected from adults aged 20-59 years by random sampling. Subjects completed a questionnaire which was composed of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and questions that included items about sleep habits, sleep problems, subjective health status and sociodemographic characteristics. Height and weight were measured for calculation of body mass index. The statistical analyses was based on 3,302 adults (51.5% males and 48.5% females). Descriptive statistics, univariate logistic regression and multiple logistic regression were used. Result: The prevalence of EDS was 17.1% Multiple logistic regression showed that the associated factors of EDS were depression, obesity, dissatisfaction with sleep time, irregular sleep, and habitual snoring. Depression was the most significant associated factor(adjusted odds ratio for severe depression=2.27, 95% Confidence Interval=1.73-2.96). Conclusion: EDS is a common symptom in adults. Our finding suggested that persons with a complaint of EDS should be completely assessed for depression and obesity as well as sleep problems.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.8
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• pp.1374-1380
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• 2006

Purpose. This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of pelvic floor muscle exercise using biofeedback and electrical stimulation after normal delivery. Methods. The subjects of this study were 49 (experimental group: 25, control group: 24) postpartum women who passed 6 weeks after normal delivery without complication of pregnancy, delivery and postpartum. The experimental group was applied to the pelvic muscle enforcement program by biofeedback and electrical stimulation for 30 minutes per session, twice a week for 6 weeks, after then self-exercise of pelvic floor muscle was done 50-60 repetition per session, 3 times a day for 6 weeks. Maximum pressure of pelvic floor muscle contraction (MPPFMC), average pressure of pelvic floor muscle contraction (APPFMC), duration time of pelvic floor muscle contraction (DTPFMC) and the subjective lower urinary symptoms were measured by digital perineometer and Bristol Female Urinary Symptom Questionnaire and compared between two groups prior to trial, at the end of treatment and 6 weeks after treatment. Results. The results of this study indicated that MPPFMC, APPFMC, DTPFMC were significantly increased and subjective lower urinary symptoms were significantly decreased after treatment in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusions. This study suggested that the pelvic floor muscle exercise using biofeedback and electrical stimulation might be a safer and more effective program for reinforcing pelvic floor muscle after normal delivery.