• Title/Summary/Keyword: Subjective measurement

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Objective Speech Quality Measurement for Naturalness Assessment (자연성 평가를 위한 객관적 음질 평가 방법)

  • 장경아;이희원;송종회;배명진
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 2001.06a
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    • pp.361-364
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    • 2001
  • Speech quality measurement is sorted subjective and objective speech quality measurements based on the mathematics representation. Between two, subjective speech quality measurement is able to be evaluated more accurate speech quality then objective one but it has a demerit such as taking much more time and cost to performance it. However, using objective speech quality measurement being able to predict the result of evaluating the subjective speech quality compliments the demerit of subjective standards which is mentioned former. In this paper, we propose the objective speech quality measurement in order to evaluate naturalness assessment approximately like subjective speech quality measurement. We measured naturalness of speech with estimating speaking rate, variation of pitch and energy.

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Developing a Measurement Instrument to Explore Variables that Predict Teachers' Referral Intentions: Using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)

  • Lee, Ji-Yeon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.33-41
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: Exploring the variables that predict teachers' intent when referring students to mental health professionals is important. The Theory of Planned Behavio (TPB) is a theory of predicting people's intentions of performing a particular behavior; the intent to perform a certain behavior is determined by three factors. (1) attitudes toward the behavior, (2) subjective norms, and (3) perceived control. This study aimed to develop a TPB measurement to investigate what variables predict the intentions of teacher's referral behaviors. Methods: A qualitative study following standardized manuals and guidelines for developing a TPB measurement was used. As a qualitative research method, the Consensual Qualitative Research-Modified (CQR-M) was used. According to the findings from the qualitative study, the quantitative measurement to assess teachers' referral intention, attitude, subjective norm, and behavioral control was developed. Results: The reliability and validity of the newly developed measurement were tested and verified. Conclusion: The newly developed measurement would contribute to a future empirical study that will examine predictors of teachers' referral intention.

The Psychometric Properties of Distance-Digital Subjective Happiness Scale

  • Almaleki, Deyab A.
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.21 no.5
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    • pp.211-216
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    • 2021
  • This study intended to test the structure of the latent factor of a subjective happiness scale and the stability of invariance across groups of students' classifications (gender and students' status). In the large, non-clinical sample (619), students completed the subjective happiness scale. The (CFA) confirmatory factor analysis was used to investigate the factor-structure of the measure, and multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) model was used to test the stability of invariance across groups of students classifications. The findings of the CFA indicated support for the original one-factor model. Additional analyses of the MGCFA method support the measurement (configural, metric and strong) invariant and practical invariant components of this model. There was an invariant across gender. There was partially invariant across groups of students' statuses. The scale exists in both groups to assess the same concepts of (single and married), excluding Items 3 and 4. Given that this study is the first investigation for the structure of the subjective happiness scale.

Development of Sensible Brassiere for Middle Aged Women -Investigation of consumer's Needs and Evaluation of Commercial Brassiere for the Development of Subjective Measurement Scale and Screening of Design Parameters- (중년 여성의 감성 Brassiere 개발(제1보) -소비자 요구 분석을 기초로 한 제품 디자인 요소 추출-)

  • 김정화;이선영;홍경희
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.24 no.5
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    • pp.714-723
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study is to develop functional and sensible brassiere for middle-aged women. As a methodology, engineering design process, especially, QFD(Quality Function Deployment) was adopted to translate consumer's needs into product design parameters. Wearing tests of commercial brassiere were performed for the development o subjective measurement scale. The environmental condition was controlled at 28$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 65$\pm$3%RH. As results, subjective measurement scale and dimension for the evaluation of sensible brassiere were extracted from factor analysis. Four factors were fitting, aesthetic property, pressure sensation, displacement of brassiere due to movement. Regression equations with the subjective evaluation descriptors were developed for the prediction of wearing comfort of brassiere. (R2=.82) The most critical design parameter was wire-related property and second one was stretchability of main material of brassiere. Also, wearing comfort of brassiere was affected by the interaction of initial stretchability of wing and support of strap.

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A Study of Subjective Speech Quality Measurement in VoIP (VoIP 음질의 주관적 평가에 관한 연구)

  • 강영도;강진석;최연성;김장형
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.279-287
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    • 2001
  • In this paper, we discuss the scale of subjective speech quality measurement over VoIP(Voice over IP) network which is a component of broadband networks. Objective parameters of multimedia services like PSNR or jitter can easily measured and defined, but these factors are not easily meet the user's perceptual recognition. We suggest the speech quality measurement scale through the subjective measurement for end-to-end speech quality composed of sender-side quality, transmission quality, receiver-side quality, which provide the degree of correctness of representation of speaker, the degree of impairment caused by various factors, the degree of recognition of processed speech, respectively. Also, we examined the proposed method and verify it's availability.

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An Analysis of Research on Fatigue (피로와 관련된 논문 분석)

  • 변영순;박미숙
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.868-877
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    • 1996
  • This study was done to analyze research trends and to suggest future perspectives for nursing research on fatigue. The author reviewed 31 Korean and foreign research papers which have been published in the literature since 1970. An analysis of the study focused on the type of research subjects, type of study design. measurement instrument, and its correlated parameters. The results of the study are summarized as follows : First, within all of the studies analayzed, 14 studies were publised in Korea and 17 were published abroad. The number of studies done abroad have been increasing rapidly since 1991. Second, an analysis of the research design of the studies showed, eight studies each, Korean and foreign used survey design. Two Korean studies and seven foreign studies used a correlational design. Four comparative studies were done in Korea, but only two experimetal studies were performed abroad. Therefore, it was found that the trend of the study design used is survey design and there are more correlational studies done abroad than in Korea. Third, the type of the study subjects ; 11 Korean and three foreign studies dealt with healthy people. In addition, three Korean and 14 foreign studies investigated patients with various illnesses. It was found that patients with various illnesses were studied more frequently in foreign studies than in Korean studies. Fourth, the measurement tool used in the Korean studies ; 13 studies used a testible tool to assess patients' subjective symtoms or complaints of fatigue. The most commonly used tool used in 10 studies, was the Fatigue Self-Perception Scale, which was designed by the Labor and Health Institute of Japan. The Visual Analogue Scale was used in two studies, and Piper Fatigue Scale, addtional with physiologic parameters, was used in one study. In the foreign studies, subjective measurement tools were used in 16 studies. A combination of a subjective measurement tool with objective parameters was used in ten studies. For the subjective measurement tool used in the foreign studies, a specific measurement tool developed by the researcher which was used in seven studies. Either Rhoten Fatigue Scale or the Visual Analog Scale were used in three studies. Additionally, in order to identify the relationship between fatigue and psychological factors, The Profile of Mood State was used in three studies. Beck Depression Inventory was used in two studies. The Self Rated Depression Scale, developed by Zung, was used in one study and other measurement tools were used to measure various psychological parameters. Rhoten fatigue Checklist was also used to observe behavior patterns. Lastly, nine studies identified correlations between fatigue and other parameters. A significant correlation was found between fatigue and psychological factors such as depression, and pain. As a result of the above findings, it can be said that research trends on fatigue are increasing internationally. The selected study designs are survey studies both in Korea and abroad. There are more correlational studies abroad than in Korea. In addition, subjective measurement tools and objective parameters are used variously and combined with each other. had, there is a significant correlation between fatigue and psychological factors such as depression, and pain. More survey and correlational studies need to be done to identify the relationship of fatigue in patients with various condition or diagnoses and to suggest a scientific basis for nursing interventions with fatigue. Also, a tool to assess patient's subjective, objective, and behavioral aspects on fatigue needs to be developed.

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A Study on the Subjective Evaluation of Color Appearance under the Different LED CCT Conditions (색온도별 LED 조명에 의한 색상별 색보임에 대한 주관평가 연구)

  • Kim, Hyun-Sun;Kim, Yu-Sin;Choi, An-Seop
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.43-52
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    • 2011
  • LED lighting may cause different sensation and color appearance due to the different spectral power distributions compared to those of conventional lightings. Particularly, the CCT (Correlated Color Temperature) of LED lighting has a major effect on color appearance so that this study conducted an experiment through a subjective evaluation and luminance measurement for effective color appearance in a space. This study performed a subjective evaluation under the seven different LED CCT conditions, and color appearance was evaluated with major five colors in a customized lighting box. In addition, luminance measurement was conducted for each CCT and color condition to compare the results from a subjective evaluation. The results of this study may help to select a proper LED CCT for specific color conditions.

Analysis of Noise Environment of Cafe Occupants According to Interior Finishing (실내 인테리어 마감재에 따른 카페 재실자의 소음 환경 영향 분석)

  • Lee, Soo Han;Yun, Huiseung;Wi, Seunghwan;Kim, Sumin
    • Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.355-361
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    • 2017
  • Indoor noise environment is an important factor when it comes to occupants comfort, especially in cafe. Results of the survey, 33.9% of occupants were feel unpleasant and sensitive about noise environment. Noise in cafe fluctuate depending on the finishing of both wall and ceiling, volume of the room, and the number of occupants in the room. Therefore, the noise meter device was used for measurement of various under conditions. Also, the subjective assessment of occupant noise was conducted through questionnaires. When the interior finish was exposed concrete, the maximum value of the noise measurement was 66.6 dB and the minimum value was 63 dB, respectively. Also, the result of subjective assessment of unpleasant noise were 5.43 and 4.96 point of 10 point of noise and echo, respectively. Otherwise, the interior finish was gypsum board, the maximum value of the noise measurement was 73.8 dB and the minimum value was 60.4 dB, respectively. Also, the result of subjective assessment of unpleasant noise were 3.88 and 3.95 point of 10 point of noise and echo, respectively. The results of the study showed that the noises and echoes in the cafes were lower than when did not.

A Psychophysical Model for Objective Fabric Hand Evaluation of Warp Knitted Fabrics (경편성물의 객관적인 태 평가를 위한 정신물리학적 모델 개발)

  • Yoon, Hye-Shin;Park, Shin-Woong;Kang, Bok-Choon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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    • 2003.04a
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    • pp.259-262
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    • 2003
  • Fabric hand is ultimately a subjective response to physical stimuli, but there are clearly practical advantage in the development and commercial trading of textile fabrics to be gained from the replacement of the traditional subjective tactile assessment by an objective measurement evaluation method. Moreover, the reliable objective measurement method for warp knitted fabrics have not developed yet, despite their increasing importance. (omitted)

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DEVELOPMENT OF A SOUND QUALITY INDEX FOR THE EVALUATION OF BOOMING NOISE OF A PASSENGER CAR BASED ON REGRESSIVE CORRELATION

  • LEE J. K.;PARK Y. W.;CHAI J. B.;JANG H. K.
    • International Journal of Automotive Technology
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    • v.6 no.4
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    • pp.367-374
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    • 2005
  • This paper proposes a sound quality index to evaluate the vehicle interior noise. The index was developed using a correlation analysis of an objective measurement and a subjective evaluation data. First, the objective set of measurements was obtained at two specified driving conditions. One is from a wide-open test condition and the other is from a constant-speed test condition. At the same time, subjective evaluation was carried out using a score of ten scale where 17 test engineers participated in the experiment. The correlation analysis between the psycho-acoustic parameters derived from the objective measurement and the subjective evaluation was performed. The most critical factors at both test conditions were determined, and the corresponding equations for the sound quality were obtained from the multiple factor regression method. Finally, a comparative work between previous index and present index was performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed index.