• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.6B
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• pp.456-468
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• 2008

In this paper, we design Input/Output modules as a preference work for implementation of hybrid two stage AWG based WDM-PON and verify operations of each function modules through the logic simulation. This WDM-PON system provides service to 128 ONUs through 32 wavelength and one wavelength is shared for upstream transmission with four ONU while each wavelength is allocated to each ONU for downstream transmission. The designed WDM-PON MAC chip is based on sub-MAC which consists of one control unit and reception unit and four transmission unit. To design the reception and transmission unit of sub-MAC, we define the functions of the sub-MAC, pins of the modules, control signal and timing of each signal. We intend to design MAC chip with 1Gbps transmission rate. Thus the designed MAC chip is worked on 125MHz clock rate. We define FSM and design Input/Output modules with VHDL. The logic simulation of the modules is executed by the ModelSIM simulator.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.177-181
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• 2016

This cross-sectional descriptive and qualitative study was aimed to study the people participation and their approaches toward the human carcinogenic liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, prevention and control in Ban Chaun sub-district administrative organization (BCSAO) and Bamnet Narong sub-district municipality (BNSM), Bamnet Narong district, Chaiyaphum Province, Thailand between June 2013 and February 2014. Participants were purposive selected, included chiefs of sub-district administrative organizations, sub-district municipalities, sub-district health promotion hospitals (SHPHs), heads of village, and a further sample was selected with a multi-stage random sampling for public health volunteers, and villagers. The pre-designed questionnaire contained items for individualized status and the participatory steps of sharing ideas, decision-making, and planning, procession, evaluation, and mutual benefit, for the project O. viverrini prevention and control (POPC). In-depth interviews were used for collection of need approaches to POPC. With 375 participants who completed the questionnaire, it was found that people had a high level regarding to participate in the POPC, particularly in the process stage ($\bar{X}=3.78$, S.D. = 0.56), but the lowest level was found in sharing ideas, decision making, and planning step ($\bar{X}=3.65$, S.D. = 0.63). By comparison, participant status and organization did not significantly differ with people participation. In each step, Ban Chaun sub-district had a high level of participation in the step of sharing ideas, decision making, and planning toward POPC, more than Bamnet Narong sub-district municipality (t=2.20, p=0.028). Approaches for POPC in Ban Chaun sub-district and Bamnet Narong sub-district municipality included requirements for budget support, annual campaigns for liver fluke prevention and control, campaign promotion, risk group observation, home visiting, community rules regarding reducing raw fish consumption in their communities, and a professional public health officer for working in their communities, BCSAO, BNSM, and SHPH, for O. viverrini prevention and control. This study indicates that people realize that eradication of the liver fluke needs a continuous people participation for O. viverrini prevention and control in their communities.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.558-572
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• 2018

In addition to its modular nature, a Hybrid Modular Multilevel Converter (HMMC) assembled from half-bridge and full-bridge sub-modules, is able to block DC faults with a minimum number of switching devices, which makes it attractive for high power applications. This paper introduces a control strategy based on the Root-Least Square (RLS) algorithm to estimate the capacitor voltages instead of using direct measurements. This action eliminates the need for voltage transducers in the HMMC sub-modules and the associated communication link with the central controller. In addition to capacitor voltage balancing and suppression of circulating currents, a fault tolerant control unit (FTCU) is integrated into the proposed strategy to modify the parameters of the HMMC controller. On advantage of the proposed FTCU is that it does not need extra components. Furthermore, a fault detection unit is adapted by utilizing a hybrid estimation scheme to detect sub-module faults. The behavior of the suggested technique is assessed using PSCAD offline simulations. In addition, it is validated using a real-time digital simulator connected to a real time controller under various normal and fault conditions. The proposed strategy shows robust performance in terms of accuracy and time response since it succeeds in stabilizing the HMMC under faults.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.51 no.11
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• pp.521-527
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• 2002

The Hemodialysis system is the device for the patients who have suffered from end stage renal failure as the kidney which removes the waste products in a human body. The existing hemodialysis is based on a 8-bit micro-controller and it is not a touch-screen type but a manual type. This paper is focused on hemodialysis system based on high control and expension embedded system. The whole system consists of main control unit and sub control unit(dialysis control unit, blood control unit, monitoring control unit, networking unit). The dialysis control unit, blood control unit, monitoring control unit are processed by 3 microcontrollers and network unit is for monitoring a renal failure patient's condition. For the evaluation of the system performance, the saline was pured into blood unit and then water removal rate, conductivity and temperature of hemodialysis liquid were measured 10 times in an each state suing the UF pump in the fluid unit varing the quantity of saline to 1000cc, 2000cc, 3000cc and 4000cc. As a result, the rates of water removal are 98.6% in condition of 000cc saline, 96.9% in 2000cc, 98.9% in 3000cc and 98.3% in 4000cc. The conductivities of hemodialysis liquid are 99.6% in the first to third condition and 99.7% in the forth condition. The temperatures of hemodialysis liquid are 99.8% in the first to third condition and 99.6% in th forth condition.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.8B
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• pp.646-656
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• 2008

In this paper, we design and verify the MAC chip of the two-stage AWG-based WDM-PON which considers 128 ONUs and 32 wavelengths. Each wavelength with the capacity of 1Gbps is allocated to ONU for downstream transmission but each wavelength for upstream transmission can be shared by four ONUs. Therefore, MAC protocol is required to avoid the collision and use the network resource efficiently among ONUs which are sharing the same wavelength. To design a request/permit-based MAC protocol, we define a unit-chip module called sub-MAC. The WDM-PON with 128 ONUs can be implemented by using 32 sub-MAC modules. The sub-MAC consists of one control unit, one receipt unit and four transmission units. The state transition diagram of the module is described by the internal/external control signals among the functional units. The function of the sub-MAC module is verified through logic simulation using ModelSIM.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.134-140
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• 2015

A control program of an engine control module (ECM) was developed, and its control performance was verified on a 750Ps marine diesel engine. The control method was designed for an engine rotational speed control system. For ECM hardware, the commercial rapid control prototype (RCP) ECM was used. The programming tool for control algorithm development was the MatLab/Simulink. The main control algorithm assembled many control models as engine cranking, run, and stall. Each model has sub-models to input/output control signals. The target engine speed was input signal from a speed control lever, and control output signal of the ECM was sent to the unit-injectors for fuel injection. The engine test was performed under various conditions of engine rotational speeds and dynamometer loads. The test results show that the control function of the ECM is suitable for electrical marine diesel engines.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.427-428
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• 2013

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.9 no.6 s.37
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• pp.732-738
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• 2006

This research provides a scheme for Highly Accelerated Stress Test that is necessary to demonstrate reliability prediction of Korean Rapid Transit Railway Train Control System sub-equipment, which is calculated by a relevant standard for failure rate prediction of electronic products. Although determining failure information generated in the process of trial running by statistic analysis is widely accepted as a measure of confirmation for reliability prediction, this research suggests the modeling for System Life Test determined by accelerating stress factors as a measure of confirmation for reliability prediction of sub-equipment unit that is generated ahead of a trial running in System Life Cycle. Consequently, the research demonstrates sub-equipment unit reliability test, which is based on the model derived from Accelerated Stress Test, according to accuracy level and the number of samples, and conducts an official experiment by making out a reliability test procedure sheet based on test time as well.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1562-1582
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• 2024

The prediction of pedestrian trajectory is conducive to reducing traffic accidents and protecting pedestrian safety, which is crucial to the task of intelligent driving. The existing methods mainly use the past pedestrian trajectory to predict the future deterministic pedestrian trajectory, ignoring pedestrian intention and trajectory diversity. This paper proposes a multi-modal trajectory prediction model that introduces pedestrian intention. Unlike previous work, our model makes multi-modal goal-conditioned trajectory pedestrian prediction based on the past pedestrian trajectory and pedestrian intention. At the same time, we propose a novel Gate Recurrent Unit (GRU) to process intention information dynamically. Compared with traditional GRU, our GRU adds an intention unit and an intention gate, in which the intention unit is used to dynamically process pedestrian intention, and the intention gate is used to control the intensity of intention information. The experimental results on two first-person traffic datasets (JAAD and PIE) show that our model is superior to the most advanced methods (Improved by 30.4% on MSE_0.5s and 9.8% on MSE_1.5s for the PIE dataset; Improved by 15.8% on MSE_0.5s and 13.5% on MSE_1.5s for the JAAD dataset). Our multi-modal trajectory prediction model combines pedestrian intention that varies at each prediction time step and can more comprehensively consider the diversity of pedestrian trajectories. Our method, validated through experiments, proves to be highly effective in pedestrian trajectory prediction tasks, contributing to improving traffic safety and the reliability of intelligent driving systems.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.257-263
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• 2022

In intracavitary radiotherapy, it is essential to verify the correct location of radiation source among quality control items because an incorrect location will irradiate an unnecessary dose to normal tissues. As a basic study of digital line dosimeters, this study fabricated a unit cell dosimeter based on polycrystalline mercury (II) iodide (HgI₂) and compared its performance with a diode. The study result showed that for reproducibility, the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 1.21%, satisfying the RSD evaluation criterion of within 1.5%. Considering linearity, the coefficient of determination R² showed an excellent result of 0.9997. Regarding the evaluation of distance dependence, it showed a similar trend in general with a difference of 0.035 cm for intensity 50% when compared with the inverse square value. This study suggests the applicability of a digital dosimeter for brachytherapy quality control by evaluating the performance of the HgI₂ dosimeter. This study on dosimeter for candidate photoconductor materials can be used as basic data in all areas using radiation.