• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.184-204
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• 2015

Fuzzy Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) is a mathematical tool for the effective representation of imprecise and vague knowledge. However, with a large number of formal concepts from a fuzzy context, the task of knowledge representation becomes complex. Hence, knowledge reduction is an important issue in FCA with a fuzzy setting. The purpose of this current study is to address this issue by proposing a method that computes the corresponding crisp order for the fuzzy relation in a given fuzzy formal context. The obtained formal context using the proposed method provides a fewer number of concepts when compared to original fuzzy context. The resultant lattice structure is a reduced form of its corresponding fuzzy concept lattice and preserves the specialized and generalized concepts, as well as stability. This study also shows a step-by-step demonstration of the proposed method and its application.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.6-17
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine to what extent the context in which people interact with online information affects people's credibility perceptions. In this study, credibility assessment is defined as perceptions of credibility relying on individuals' expertise and knowledge. Context has been characterized with respect to three aspects: Context as user goals and intentions, context as topicality of information, and context as information activities. The data were collected from two empirical studies. Study 1 was a diary study in which 333 residents in Michigan, U.S.A. submitted 2,471 diary entries to report their trust perceptions associated with ten different user goals and nine different intentions. Study 2 was a lab-based study in which 64 subjects participated in performing four search tasks in two different information activity conditions - information search or content creation. There are three major findings of this study: (1) Score-based trust perceptions provided limited views of people's credibility perceptions because respondents tended to score trust ratings consistently high across various user goals and intentions; (2) The topicality of information mattered more when study subjects assessed the credibility of user generated content (UGC) than with traditional media content (TMC); (3) Subjects of this study exerted more effort into making credibility judgments when they engaged in searching activities than in content creation. These findings indicate that credibility assessment can or should be seen as a process-oriented notion incorporating various information use contexts beyond simple rating-based evaluation. The theoretical contributions for information scientists and practical implications for web designers are also discussed.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.53-79
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• 2010

This study proposes a framework to investigate the factors of mobile web success in the context of e-commerce, and the relative importance of these success factors in selecting the most preferred mobile web. First, the Updated Delone and Mclean IS success model (2003) is chosen to extract significant mobile web success factors in the context of e-commerce. Second, it is extended through applying an Analytic Network Process (ANP) approach for investigating the relative importance of each factor and ranking alternative mobile webs in the context of e-commerce. The choice of success measure is a function of the context, which is the objective of this study. Thus, the present study is aimed at evaluating the success of an e-commerce mobile web by customizing measures of the Updated Delone and McLean IS Success model according to the context.

• 한국어교육
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.209-233
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the pragmatic functions of '-ketun(yo)' expressed in the discourse associating with the context of communication based on the actual conversations of Korean native speakers. As discourse is closely related to the context, contextual factors surrounding the discourse should be actively considered in order to reveal the function of grammar expressed in the discourse. Also, there is need to consider the grammatical functions in terms of the linguistic user which is the subject of interaction in the discourse. Based on this necessity, in this study, we analyzed the pragmatic functions of '-ketun(yo).' As a result, '-ketun(yo)-' had a great influence on the formation and expansion of the shared context in communication contexts. The shared context is expanded through generative mutual knowledge and priori mutual knowledge. As a result of the conversation analysis, '-ketun(yo)-' was used at a high frequency in the expansion of generative mutual knowledge formation. In addition, '-ketun(yo)-' appeared to have a discourse cohesion function that binds topics with other topics. In the case that '-ketun(yo)-' is formed through priori mutual knowledge, '-ketun(yo)-' could be used as a sign to lead the union of the speaker and the listener. This study has significance in that it examines the pragmatic functions of '-ketun(yo)-' in relation to the context of communication based on actual utterance.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.437-447
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• 2011

유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅 환경에서는 주변 환경에 의해 발생하는 방대한 컨택스트 정보에 대한 모델 정의와 컨택스트 인지를 통한 지능적인 서비스 제공을 위하여 컨택스트 정보 처리, 관리 및 추론과 관련한 연구가 필수적으로 요구된다. 그러나 현재 컨택스트 인지 분야에서는 고수준의 서비스 지원을 위한 온톨로지 특성을 효과적으로 반영한 모델링 기법이 부재하며, 지능적인 추론(응용, 조합)을 지원하는 기법 부재 및 컨택스트 정보간 상호운용성 지원의 한계를 가지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 최종 목표는 실세계에 존재하는 실체(entity)에 대한 상태를 특징화하고 정의하기 위한 방법으로 육하원칙을 적용한 온톨로지 기반의 컨택스트 인지 모델링 기법 컨택스트 인지를 위한 육하원칙 온톨로지를 개발하고 보다 양질의 지능화된 컨택스트 인지 서비스를 제공하기 위해 컨택스트 정보에 대한 관리 및 컨택스트 추론을 지원하는 프레임워크를 개발함에 있다.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.124-130
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: The study investigated vowel context effects on the perception of stop consonants in Malayalam. It also probed into the role of vowel context effects in determining the frequency of occurrence of various consonant-vowel (CV) syllables in Malayalam. Subjects and Methods: The study used a cross-sectional pre-experimental post-test only research design on 30 individuals with normal hearing, who were native speakers of Malayalam. The stimuli included three stop consonants, each spoken in three different vowel contexts. The resultant nine syllables were presented in original form and five gating conditions. The consonant recognition in different vowel contexts of the participants was assessed. The frequency of occurrence of the nine target syllables in the spoken corpus of Malayalam was also systematically derived. Results: The consonant recognition score was better in the /u/ vowel context compared with /i/ and /a/ contexts. The frequency of occurrence of the target syllables derived from the spoken corpus of Malayalam showed that the three stop consonants occurred more frequently with the vowel /a/ compared with /u/ and /i/. Conclusions: The findings show a definite vowel context effect on the perception of the Malayalam stop consonants. This context effect observed is different from that in other languages. Stop consonants are perceived better in the context of /u/ compared with the /a/ and /i/ contexts. Furthermore, the vowel context effects do not appear to determine the frequency of occurrence of different CV syllables in Malayalam.

• 대한청각학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.124-130
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: The study investigated vowel context effects on the perception of stop consonants in Malayalam. It also probed into the role of vowel context effects in determining the frequency of occurrence of various consonant-vowel (CV) syllables in Malayalam. Subjects and Methods: The study used a cross-sectional pre-experimental post-test only research design on 30 individuals with normal hearing, who were native speakers of Malayalam. The stimuli included three stop consonants, each spoken in three different vowel contexts. The resultant nine syllables were presented in original form and five gating conditions. The consonant recognition in different vowel contexts of the participants was assessed. The frequency of occurrence of the nine target syllables in the spoken corpus of Malayalam was also systematically derived. Results: The consonant recognition score was better in the /u/ vowel context compared with /i/ and /a/ contexts. The frequency of occurrence of the target syllables derived from the spoken corpus of Malayalam showed that the three stop consonants occurred more frequently with the vowel /a/ compared with /u/ and /i/. Conclusions: The findings show a definite vowel context effect on the perception of the Malayalam stop consonants. This context effect observed is different from that in other languages. Stop consonants are perceived better in the context of /u/ compared with the /a/ and /i/ contexts. Furthermore, the vowel context effects do not appear to determine the frequency of occurrence of different CV syllables in Malayalam.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제11권sup호
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• pp.165-176
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• 2012

Context-Awareness system provides an appropriate service to user by recognizing situation from surrounding environment. There are many successful studies on this framework, but still has some limitations. In this paper, we are describing a context-awareness middleware that can enhance the limitation of the previous approaches. We first defined a new concept of context-awareness environment as a social intelligence. This concept implies that intelligent objects can make relationships, can aware of situation from surrounding environment, and can collaborate to accomplish a given task. The significance of the study is as follows. First, the system is capable of multi context-awareness since it is designed with a structure that supports multiple lines of reasoning. Second, the system is capable of context planning by adapting AI planning mechanism. Third, the system is capable of making the intelligent objects as a group for collaboration, and provides adaptive service to user. We have developed a prototype of the system and tested with a virtual scenario.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2005

적응 서비스는 사용자들이 접근하는 상황의 끊임없는 변화를 반영하기 위하여 필요하다. 상황-인식은사용자 상황에 기반하여 사용자와 기기간의 상호운용성을 지원함으로서 정보 획득과 수행을 증대시키는 기술이다. 본 연구는 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅에서 상황-인식을 다루는데 필요한 미들웨어를 개발하는 것을 그 목적으로 하고 있다. 이를 수행하기 위해서 본 연구에서 개발한 미들fil어는 블루투스 무선통신기술을 사용하여 이동시의 이동노드를 인식하고, 컨텍스트 서버에서 획득한 상황에 따라서 적절한 수행모듈을 수행하는데 중요한 역할을 담당한다. 또한, 개발한 미들웨어를 사용한 상황 정보에 따라서 음악 연주 서비스를 제공하는 응용 프로그램을 개발하여 미들웨어의 유용성을 확인하였다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.304-311
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• 1994

Four science concepts were selected from high school science textbook to investigate the differences in priorities of students knowledge activated during solving earth science problems in laboratory and earth science environmental contexts. Two items, one for laboratory context and the other for earth environmental context, were developed for earth selected concept The subjects were constituted of 192 students in 11th grade and 196 in 12th grade in one senior high school. Students' responses were categorized using graph models and analyzed in terms of 'Common Activated Knowledge'(CAK). and 'Specific Activated Knowledge'(SAK) across students' cognitive frames, grades, and sex. As contextual differences of the problems increased, context effects in priorities of CAK were reported in favor of laboratory context, on the contrary those of SAK in favor of earth environmental context. Context effects were reported across cognitive frames, especially students with laboratory cognitive frames showed more significant context effects than others. Lower graders and girls showed relatively large context effects. The results of this study showed that science concepts learned in a laboratory context are not easily transferred to earth environmental context. Therefore, special instructional strategies should be developed to overcome the context effect s according to activated knowledges with high priorities in laboratory and earth environmental context.