• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.3 s.116
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• pp.104-119
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• 2006

The eastern rear business complex of the Gwangyang Harbor (second stage) has undergone the 'alternative bid' process by which a construction company is selected based on their suggestions for an alternative plan and the bid for the construction expenses is based on the previously completed original plan, thereby implicitly accepting the arrangement and scale of the park which was presented in the original plan. It is possible, however, that the concept and plan of each park needs to be approached in a new way within the extent of given design guidelines. This study focuses on the alternative plan process and the Symbol Park (the second neighborhood park) and Waterfront Park (the third neighborhood park) among the five neighborhood parks in the eastern rear business complex (second stage). These two parks provide scale and function for the structure of the park and greenways system at the eastern rear complex. The neighboring waterway is a significant resource for emphasizing the pre-development features of the site. The alternative plan process focuses on determining the resources for the park's plan based on the environmental analyses of the site and utilizing the results. That is, through an analysis of the current state, all available resources are determined and the facilities and activities are derived based on these results. By this, Symbol Park and Waterfront Park reflect the regional features of the eastern rear complex, and these parks will feasibly perform the role of the region's key parte. The limit of this study is the fact that there is no chance for landscape architecture to actively play a role in the creation of the master plan, land utilization plan, and plan for the complex. Therefore there is a problem that the function scale and location of the park are not distributed appropriately in the rear complex. Also the plan for protecting the waterway's shore, a significant resource, only considers the structural stability of the engineering works, degrading the visual and ecological quality. These experiences will be used as a case for further designing the industrial complex and for the resulting park plan.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.1023-1031
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• 2017

The conformational change of cellular prion protein ($PrP^C$) to its misfolded counterpart, termed $PrP^{Sc}$, is mediated by a hypothesized cellular cofactor. This cofactor is believed to interact directly with certain amino acid residues of $PrP^C$. When these are mutated into cationic amino acid residues, $PrP^{Sc}$ formation and prion replication halt in a dominant negative (DN) manner, presumably due to strong binding of the cofactor to mutated $PrP^C$, designated as DN PrP mutants. Previous studies demonstrated that plasminogen and its kringle domains bind to PrP and accelerate $PrP^{Sc}$ generation. In this study, in vitro binding analysis of kringle domains of plasminogen to Q167R DN mutant PrP (PrPQ167R) was performed in parallel with the wild type (WT) and Q218K DN mutant PrP (PrPQ218K). The binding affinity of PrPQ167R was higher than that of WT PrP, but lower than that of PrPQ218K. Scatchard analysis further indicated that, like PrPQ218K and WT PrP, PrPQ167R interaction with plasminogen occurred at multiple sites, suggesting cooperativity in this interaction. Competitive binding analysis using $\small{L}$-lysine or $\small{L}$-arginine confirmed the increase of the specificity and binding affinity of the interaction as PrP acquired DN mutations. Circular dichroism spectroscopy demonstrated that the recombinant PrPs used in this study retained the ${\alpha}$-helix-rich structure. The ${\alpha}$-helix unfolding study revealed similar conformational stability for WT and DN-mutated PrPs. This study provides an additional piece of biochemical evidence concerning the interaction of plasminogen with DN mutant PrPs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.468-469
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• 2018

We design CNN(convolutional neural network) which is applicable to steering control system of autonomous vehicle. CNN has been widely used in many fields, especially in image classifications. But CNN has not been applied much to the regression problem such as function approximation. This is because the input of CNN has a multidimensional data structure such as image data, which makes it is not applicable to general control systems. Recently, autonomous vehicles have been actively studied, and many techniques are required to implement autonomous vehicles. For this purpose, many researches have been studied to detect the lane by using the image through the black box mounted on the vehicle, and to get the vanishing point according to the detected lane for control the autonomous vehicle. However, in detecting the vanishing point, it is difficult to detect the vanishing point with stability due to various factors such as the external environment of the image, disappearance of the instant lane and detection of the opposite lane. In this study, we apply CNN for steering control of an autonomous vehicle using a black box image of a car.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.4 s.48
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• pp.525-532
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• 2004

N-acyl taurates are known as environmental-friendly and non-irritating to skin. In this study, the physicochemical properties of N-acyl taurates, which are amide-type anionic surfactants, were measured and also compared with sulfate-type anionic surfactants that show low biodegradability and are highly irritating to skin. The possibility of replacing the currently existing sulfate-type surfactants by N-acyl taurates was examined. Based on the experimental results, shampoos were formulated with these anionic surfactants and their stability and properties were measured. The possibility of application of amide-type surfactants to personal care cleaner was evaluated. Experimental results show that N-acyl taurates have various favorable aspects in making personal care cleanser: high viscosity, low surface tension, and low CMC values. These properties of N-acyl taurates generate nano-scale particles in emulsion, which is stable due to its high viscosity. This emulsion also has good cleaning ability with small amount of usage due to easy penetration into contaminants. Shampoo with N-methyl oleyl taurate showed high yield point and constant viscosity, and formed stable emulsion with nano- scale uniform particles. These results suggest that N-acyl taurates play an important role in making stable Interior structure in shampoo, and which improves the storage property.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.271-276
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• 2012

In this study, the dispersion ability of powder in low viscosity solubilization system that depends on variety and amount of additives and powders was investigated. A PMMA powder shows outstanding dispersion ability because of its repulsive force of partially charged chain and low density of porous structure. A sample, which contains salts, showed better dispersion tendency than a sample without any additives. The dispersion ability was quantity of salts dependent. Furthermore, a sample with divalent ion salts, like $MgSO_4$, showed better dispersion tendency than that of monovalent ion salts, like NaCl or KCl. The reason for the better dispersion tendency was due to the existence of ionized salts around the powders which significantly improves repulsive force between powders and consequently reduces powder aggregation. The sample with chelating agent, like EDTA as an additive, had improved dispersion ability. EDTA chelates and blocks metal cation therefore anion's character is maximized and repulsive force between powders is improved. As a result, salts and EDTA help to improve the powder dispersion ability and the stability of product.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.303-312
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• 2020

An underground deep tunnel system is a facility in form of a reverse siphon for an under flood defense structure. In this study, the 'Shinwol rainwater storage and drainage system', which is under construction for the first time in South Korea, in order to confirm the effects of undular bore and pressurized air on the hydraulic stability of the facility in various flood scenarios a hydraulic model experiment was performed. As a result of this study, it was analyzed that the undular bore generated downstream pushed the pressurized air collected in the facility while moving upstream, and the pressure inside the pipe increased at this time. It was analyzed that the pressure during the passage of the undular bore was greater than the sum of the static pressure and dynamic pressure at the time and overflow occurred when the cross-sectional size of the pressurized air was more than 40% of the cross sectional area of the tunnel. It is determined that this is correlated with the volume of pressurized air collected in the facility, and it is determined that it is necessary to study the relationship between velocity of undular bore and the volume of pressurized air in the future.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.207-214
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• 2017

High voltage electric power transmitter GIS(Gas Insulated Switchgear) above 72.5kV needs to satisfy domestic Korean peninsular standard(ES-6110-0002) in KEPCO with respect to normal and special operation conditions which include internal gas pressure, dead weight, wind and seismic load. Some other requirements not described in Korean standard can be applied from other international standards such as IEC(International Electronical Committee) 62271-203 and 62271-207. The GIS is a kind of pressure vessel structure made of aluminum and filled with SF6 gas of internal pressure 0.4~0.5MPa. Finite element analysis of GIS is performed with such operational loads including seismic loading and the stability and reliability is determined according to ASME BPVC(Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code) SEC. VIII standard where the allowable stress level of the pressure vessel is suggested. The result shows that the stress of GIS is satisfied the allowable stress level and the safety factor is about 2.3 for Korean peninsular standard.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 2005

The dihydrido P-C-P pincer complex, $IrH_2{C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}$ (1), was successfully prepared from the reaction of the hydrochloride complex, $IrClH (C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}$, and super acid $(LiBEt_3H)$ under 1 atm of hydrogen in pentane solution at room temperature and followed by Heating at $130^{\circ}C$ in vacuo. Jensen recently found that the dihydrido P-C-P pincer complex 1 is a highly active homogeneous catalyst for the transfer dehydrogenation of alkanes with unusual longterm stability at temperatures as high as $200^{\circ}C$. The treatment of dihydrido complex 1 with nitrogen, water, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide in presence of tert-butylethylene (the) at room temperature in an appropriate solution gave the dinitrogen complex, $[Ir{C-6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}]_2({\mu}-N_2)$ (2), the hydrido hydroxyl complex, $IrH(OH){C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}$ (3), the carbon dioxide complex, $Ir({\eta}^2-CO_2) {C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}$ (including the bicarbonate complex, $IrH({\kappa}^2-O_2COH){C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}\;(4))$, and the carbonyl complex, $Ir(CO) {C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}\;(5)$ (including the carboxyl complex, $IrH(C(O)OH) {C_6H_3-2,6-(CH_2PBu_2^t)_2}\;(6))$, in good yield, respectively. These P-C-P iridium complexes were isolated and characterized by $^1H,\;^{13}C,\;^{31}P\; NMR$, and IR spectroscopy. In addition, the complexes (1-6) were characterized by a single crystal X-ray crystallography. These complexes account for these small molecules' inhibition of dehydrogenation of alkanes catalyzed by the dihydrido complex 1.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.261-273
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• 2011

Recently, the demands for steel frame are increasing because of the trend and due to the demand for bigger and higher buildings. In the analysis of typical steel frame, connections are based on the idealized fixed or pinned connection. A fixed connection assumes that the relative angle of each member before deformation is the same after the transformation. Therefore, the stiffener reinforces the connection to sufficient rigidity and stability of the panel zone. In the economical aspect, however, the necessity of connection that the stiffener reinforcement has omitted is increasing due to the excessive production as well as labor costs of connection. In contrast, pinned connection is assumed that bending moments between the beams and columns do not transfer to each member. This is easy to make in the plant and the construction is simple. However, the structural efficiency is reduced in pinned connection because connection cannot transfer moments. The introduction of this semirigid process can decide efficient cross-sectional dimensions that promote ease in the course of structural erection, as performed by members in the field-a call for safety in the entire frame. Therefore, foreign countries exert efforts to study the practical behavior and the results are applied to criterion. This paper analyzes the semirigid connection of domestic steel by design specifications of AISC/LRFD and make data bank that pertain to each steel. After wards, the results are compared to those of idealized connection; at the same time, this paper presents a design method that matches economic efficiency, end-fixity, and rotational stiffness.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.267-278
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• 2012

In general, the H-shaped steel ribs or triangular lattice girders have been mostly used in constructing tunnels through the NATM construction method. The H-shaped steel rib has higher flexural and axial strength than the triangular lattice girder, but many unexpected gaps can occur in the concrete lining system after shotcreting if the H-shaped steel rib is used as the support system. To achieve better shotcreting quality, the triangular lattice girder was developed. However, in general, the triangle lattice girder has low flexural and axial strength. Likewise, the triangular lattice girder, which has circular sectional members, has so many fractures from welded points at the joints between the members. Finally, the new type of tetragonal lattice girder was developed to overcome those problems. In this study, the structural performance of the tetragonal lattice girders was evaluated through analytical and experimental studies. In the analytical studies, the four-point bending analysis, the traditional evaluation method to determine the flexural strength of the lattice girder, was performed. Moreover, the linear-elastic analysis and stability analysis of the arch structure made by the lattice girders were performed to measure structural performance. Experiments were likewise performed to compare the structural performances of the tetragonal girder with traditional triangular lattice girders.