• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.429-440
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• 2014

세계적으로 충돌, 테러, 화재, 폭발 등의 극한하중에 의한 테러가 빈번하게 발생하고 있으나, 실제 극한하중에 대한 사회주요기반시설구조물의 방호 및 방재개념이 설계에 반영되고 있지 못하는 실정이다. 특히, 교량, 터널, 원전격납구조물, 가스탱크 등의 주요 시설물에 적용되고 있는 프리스트레스트 콘크리트(PSC) 구조물에 대한 극한하중 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 또한, 테러, 폭격, 차량 및 선박 등의 충돌 사고 이후 2차적으로 발생 가능한 화재에 대한 사회적 관심 및 불안감이 고조됨에 따라, 단순한 단일 극한하중이 아닌 복합손상 시나리오에 대한 구조물의 검토가 필요하다. 그러므로, 본 연구에서는 $1,400{\times}1,000{\times}300mm$ 부재의 양방향에 430kN의 긴장력을 준 비부착 프리스트르레스트 콘크리트 패널부재를 제작하여, 충돌, 화재 하중 뿐만 아니라, 충돌 후 화재의 복합손상을 실험적으로 검토하였다. 이방향 프리스트레스트 콘크리트의 충돌저항성능은 실험조건에 맞춰 14kN의 추를 10m, 3.5m의 높이의 실험으로 구성하였으며, 화재저항성능은 5분 이내에 $1,200^{\circ}C$의 화재하중을 가할 수 있는 RABT 화재 시나리오를 적용하여 극한저항성능을 검토하였다. 또한 충돌, 화재, 충돌 후 화재에 의해 손상을 받은 PSC 및 RC 시편의 잔류구조성능을 손상 받지 않은 시편들과 비교 검토하였다. 본 실험은 향후 국내외 프리스트레스트 콘크리트에 대한 충돌 및 화재해석 및 방호설계 등 관련 연구분야의 기초자료가 될 것이라고 판단되는 바이다.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1731-1741
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• 2014

교통수요의 증가에 따른 교통혼잡을 피하기 위하여 고가도로와 고속도로, 경전철 등이 활발히 건설되고 있으며, 이에 따라 접속부 등과 같은 곡률반경이 작은 곡선교 구간의 발생이 증가하고 있다. 초기에는 직선형의 주형을 연결하여 곡선을 이루는 방법을 사용하였으나, 공사비의 증가와 미관성 측면에서 용이하지 않아 강재를 사용한 곡선주형이 개발되어 적용되고 있다. 강재의 특성상 기하학적인 형상을 구현하는데 상대적으로 손쉽기 때문에 대부분의 곡선교에서는 강재를 이용한 강박스 거더교를 주로 사용하고 있다. 그러나 강박스 거더교는 초기 공사비가 고가이고, 도장과 같은 지속적인 유지관리가 필요한 문제점을 가지고 있다. 최근에는 I형 강재 플레이트 거더를 사용하는 방법이 활발히 연구되고 있으나 곡선 I형상의 특성상 개단면이고 얇은 플레이트를 사용하기 때문에 비틀림 강성이 매우 작아 안전성에 문제가 있는 것으로 지적되고 있다. 이러한 곡선강교의 대안으로 경제성과 안전성이 확보되는 프리캐스트 PSC 곡선거더가 제시되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 프리캐스트 PSC 곡선거더를 효율적으로 제작할 수 있는 스마트 몰드 시스템을 개발하고 이를 적용한 2주형 40m 실물교량의 정적 휨 파괴 실험을 통하여 안전성을 확인하고자 한다. 제작단계에서 단일 거더는 곡률반경에 의해 거더의 전도에 대한 안정성이 문제가 있으나 가로보로 연결된 멀티거더는 하중분배가 적절히 이루어지며 안정성이 확보되는 것으로 나타났다. 정적구조 실험결과에서는 균열하중(1,400 kN)이 설계하중(450 kN)의 약 3배 이상 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 허용처짐량에 해당하는 하중은 설계하중의 4배인 1,800 kN에서 발생하여 사용성과 안전성이 모두 확보되는 것으로 나타났다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.99-124
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• 2009

Many firms in Korea have adopted and used advanced information technology in an effort to boost efficiency. The process of adapting to the new technology, at the same time, can vary from one firm to another. As such, this research focuses on several relevant factors, especially the roles of social interaction as a key variable that influences the technology adaptation process and the outcomes. Thus far, how a firm goes through the adaptation process to the new technology has not been yet fully explored. Previous studies on changes undergone by a firm or an organization due to information technology have been pursued from various theoretical points of views, evolved from technological and institutional views to an integrated social technology views. The technology adaptation process has been understood to be something that evolves over time and has been regarded as cycles between misalignments and alignments, gradually approaching the stable aligned state. The adaptation process of the new technology was defined as "appropriation" process according to Poole and DeSanctis (1994). They suggested that this process is not automatically determined by the technology design itself. Rather, people actively select how technology structures should be used; accordingly, adoption practices vary. But concepts of the appropriation process in these studies are not accurate while suggested propositions are not clear enough to apply in practice. Furthermore, these studies do not substantially suggest which factors are changed during the appropriation process and what should be done to bring about effective outcomes. Therefore, research objectives of this study lie in finding causes for the difference in ways in which advanced information technology has been used and adopted among organizations. The study also aims to explore how a firm's interaction with social as well as technological factors affects differently in resulting organizational changes. Detail objectives of this study are as follows. First, this paper primarily focuses on the appropriation process of advanced information technology in the long run, and we look into reasons for the diverse types of the usage. Second, this study is to categorize each phases in the appropriation process and make clear what changes occur and how they are evolved during each phase. Third, this study is to suggest the guidelines to determine which strategies are needed in an individual, group and organizational level. For this, a substantially grounded theory that can be applied to organizational practice has been developed from a longitudinal comparative case study. For these objectives, the technology appropriation process was explored based on Structuration Theory by Giddens (1984), Orlikoski and Robey (1991) and Adaptive Structuration Theory by Poole and DeSanctis (1994), which are examples of social technology views on organizational change by technology. Data have been obtained from interviews, observations of medical treatment task, and questionnaires administered to group members who use the technology. Data coding was executed in three steps following the grounded theory approach. First of all, concepts and categories were developed from interviews and observation data in open coding. Next, in axial coding, we related categories to subcategorize along the lines of their properties and dimensions through the paradigm model. Finally, the grounded theory about the appropriation process was developed through the conditional/consequential matrix in selective coding. In this study eight hypotheses about the adaptation process have been clearly articulated. Also, we found that the appropriation process involves through three phases, namely, "direct appropriation," "cooperate with related structures," and "interpret and make judgments." The higher phases of appropriation move, the more users represent various types of instrumental use and attitude. Moreover, the previous structures like "knowledge and experience," "belief that other members know and accept the use of technology," "horizontal communication," and "embodiment of opinion collection process" are evolved to higher degrees in their dimensions of property. Furthermore, users continuously create new spirits and structures, while removing some of the previous ones at the same time. Thus, from longitudinal view, faithful and unfaithful appropriation methods appear recursively, but gradually faithful appropriation takes over the other. In other words, the concept of spirits and structures has been changed in the adaptation process over time for the purpose of alignment between the task and other structures. These findings call for a revised or extended model of structural adaptation in IS (Information Systems) literature now that the vague adaptation process in previous studies has been clarified through the in-depth qualitative study, identifying each phrase with accuracy. In addition, based on these results some guidelines can be set up to help determine which strategies are needed in an individual, group, and organizational level for the purpose of effective technology appropriation. In practice, managers can focus on the changes of spirits and elevation of the structural dimension to achieve effective technology use.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2008

일반적 중 저농도형 하수처리시설을 통해서는 처리가 힘든 고농도 유기성 폐수의 경우 재생에너지 생산이 가능한 혐기성 분해로 처리하는 것이 유리하다. 기존 호기성 처리에서 이미 그 실용성과 우수성이 입증된 E-PFR을 혐기성 처리에 적용하여 그 효용성과 재생에너지 생산 효율 증대 효과 등을 검증하고, 효율적인 재생에너지 생산을 위한 조건 등을 제시하기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. N 음식물쓰레기 처리시설에서 발생하는 탈리액을 대상으로 수행한 Pilot Plant 규모의 실험 연구에서 반응기의 구조적 특성으로 인해 혐기성 분해의 효율 향상 및 메탄가스 발생량이 증가함을 확인하였다. 이러한 처리 효율의 향상은 유체 이동관과 각단을 분리하는 격벽을 설치한 E-PFR의 구조적 특성에 기인한 원활한 혼합조건 형성과 스컴제어로 혐기성 처리에 있어서도 매우 이상적인 반응 조건을 형성시키기가 용이하였기 때문이다. E-PFR은 상향류식 폐수 유입과 각 단별로 분리된 다단형 처리로 인해 폐수 유입 구역에는 상대적으로 높은 MLSS가 유지될 수 있으므로 충격부하에 대한 내성이 강하고, 전체적으로 혐기성 최적 pH인 7.0~8.0 정도를 유지하여 상대적으로 높은 가스 발생량 및 메탄가스 함량을 유지하는 것이 가능하였다. 뿐만 아니라, 각 단별로 각기 다른 MLSS를 유지시키면서 SRT를 상대적으로 길게 유지함으로써 유기물 분해 및 가스 발생 효율을 증가시키는 효과가 있었다. 향후, 반응기의 구조적 개선과 발생가스를 이용한 교반 효과 개선 등을 통해 메탄가스 함량 70 % 수준의 안정적 혐기성 분해가 가능한 실증 플랜트 설계가 가능할 것으로 판단되며, 이를 통해 한층 향상된 재생에너지 획득 시스템 확보가 가능할 것이다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.41-72
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is the investigation of the effects of user participation, network effect, social influence, and usefulness on stickiness and continued use on Internet communities. In this research, stickiness refers to repeat visit and visit duration to an Internet community. Continued use means the willingness to continue to use an Internet community in the future. Internet community-based companies can earn money through selling the digital contents such as game, music, and avatar, advertizing on internet site, or offering an affiliate marketing. For such money making, stickiness and continued use of Internet users is much more important than the number of Internet users. We tried to answer following three questions. Fist, what is the effects of user participation on stickiness and continued use on Internet communities? Second, by what is user participation formed? Third, are network effect, social influence, and usefulness that was significant at prior research about technology acceptance model(TAM) still significant on internet communities? In this study, user participation, network effect, social influence, and usefulness are independent variables, stickiness is mediating variable, and continued use is dependent variable. Among independent variables, we are focused on user participation. User participation means that Internet user participates in the development of Internet community site (called mini-hompy or blog in Korea). User participation was studied from 1970 to 1997 at the research area of information system. But since 1997 when Internet started to spread to the public, user participation has hardly been studied. Given the importance of user participation at the success of Internet-based companies, it is very meaningful to study the research topic of user participation. To test the proposed model, we used a data set generated from the survey. The survey instrument was designed on the basis of a comprehensive literature review and interviews of experts, and was refined through several rounds of pretests, revisions, and pilot tests. The respondents of survey were the undergraduates and the graduate students who mainly used Internet communities. Data analysis was conducted using 217 respondents(response rate, 97.7 percent). We used structural equation modeling(SEM) implemented in partial least square(PLS). We chose PLS for two reason. First, our model has formative constructs. PLS uses components-based algorithm and can estimated formative constructs. Second, PLS is more appropriate when the research model is in an early stage of development. A review of the literature suggests that empirical tests of user participation is still sparse. The test of model was executed in the order of three research questions. First user participation had the direct effects on stickiness(${\beta}$=0.150, p<0.01) and continued use (${\beta}$=0.119, p<0.05). And user participation, as a partial mediation model, had a indirect effect on continued use mediated through stickiness (${\beta}$=0.007, p<0.05). Second, optional participation and prosuming participation significantly formed user participation. Optional participation, with a path magnitude as high as 0.986 (p<0.001), is a key determinant for the strength of user participation. Third, Network effect (${\beta}$=0.236, p<0.001). social influence (${\beta}$=0.135, p<0.05), and usefulness (${\beta}$=0.343, p<0.001) had directly significant impacts on stickiness. But network effect and social influence, as a full mediation model, had both indirectly significant impacts on continued use mediated through stickiness (${\beta}$=0.11, p<0.001, and ${\beta}$=0.063, p<0.05, respectively). Compared with this result, usefulness, as a partial mediation model, had a direct impact on continued use and a indirect impact on continued use mediated through stickiness. This study has three contributions. First this is the first empirical study showing that user participation is the significant driver of continued use. The researchers of information system have hardly studies user participation since late 1990s. And the researchers of marketing have studied a few lately. Second, this study enhanced the understanding of user participation. Up to recently, user participation has been studied from the bipolar viewpoint of participation v.s non-participation. Also, even the study on participation has been studied from the point of limited optional participation. But, this study proved the existence of prosuming participation to design and produce products or services, besides optional participation. And this study empirically proved that optional participation and prosuming participation were the key determinant for user participation. Third, our study compliments traditional studies of TAM. According prior literature about of TAM, the constructs of network effect, social influence, and usefulness had effects on the technology adoption. This study proved that these constructs still are significant on Internet communities.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.165-203
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• 1987

This project was a service-cum-research effort with a quasi-experimental study design to examine the health benefits of an integrated Family Planning (FP)/Maternal & Child health (MCH) Service approach that provides crucial factors missing in the present on-going programs. The specific objectives were: 1) To test the effectiveness of trained nurse/midwives (MW) assigned as change agents in the Health Sub-Center (HSC) to bring about the changes in the eight FP/MCH indicators, namely; (i)FP/MCH contacts between field workers and their clients (ii) the use of effective FP methods, (iii) the inter-birth interval and/or open interval, (iv) prenatal care by medically qualified personnel, (v) medically supervised deliveries, (vi) the rate of induced abortion, (vii) maternal and infant morbidity, and (viii) preinatal & infant mortality. 2) To measure the integrative linkage (contacts) between MW & HSC workers and between HSC and clients. 3) To examine the organizational or administrative factors influencing integrative linkage between health workers. Study design; The above objectives called for quasi-experimental design setting up a study and control area with and without a midwife. An active intervention program (FP/MCH minimum 'package' program) was conducted for a 2 year period from June 1982-July 1984 in Seosan County and 'before and after' surveys were conducted to measure the change. Service input; This study was undertaken by the Soonchunhyang University in collaboration with WHO. After a baseline survery in 1981, trained nurses/midwives were introduced into two health sub-centers in a rural setting (Seosan county) for a 2 year period from 1982 to 1984. A major service input was the establishment of midwifery services in the existing health delivery system with emphasis on nurse/midwife's role as the link between health workers (nurse aids) and village health workers, and the referral of risk patients to the private physician (OBGY specialist). An evaluation survey was made in August 1984 to assess the effectiveness of this alternative integrated approach in the study areas in comparison with the control area which had normal government services. Method of evaluation; a. In this study, the primary objective was first to examine to what extent the FP/MCH package program brought about changes in the pre-determined eight indicators (outcome and impact measures) and the following relationship was first analyzed; b. Nevertheless, this project did not automatically accept the assumption that if two or more activities were integrated, the results would automatically be better than a non-integrated or categorical program. There is a need to assess the 'integration process' itself within the package program. The process of integration was measured in terms of interactive linkages, or the quantity & quality of contacts between workers & clients and among workers. Intergrative linkages were hypothesized to be influenced by organizational factors at the HSC clinic level including HSC goals, sltrurture, authority, leadership style, resources, and personal characteristics of HSC staff. The extent or degree of integration, as measured by the intensity of integrative linkages, was in turn presumed to influence programme performance. Thus as indicated diagrammatically below, organizational factors constituted the independent variables, integration as the intervening variable and programme performance with respect to family planning and health services as the dependent variable: Concerning organizational factors, however, due to the limited number of HSCs (2 in the study area and 3 in the control area), they were studied by participatory observation of an anthropologist who was independent of the project. In this observation, we examined whether the assumed integration process actually occurred or not. If not, what were the constraints in producing an effective integration process. Summary of Findings; A) Program effects and impact 1. Effects on FP use: During this 2 year action period, FP acceptance increased from 58% in 1981 to 78% in 1984 in both the study and control areas. This increase in both areas was mainly due to the new family planning campaign driven by the Government for the same study period. Therefore, there was no increment of FP acceptance rate due to additional input of MW to the on-going FP program. But in the study area, quality aspects of FP were somewhat improved, having a better continuation rate of IUDs & pills and more use of effective Contraceptive methods in comparison with the control area. 2. Effects of use of MCH services: Between the study and control areas, however, there was a significant difference in maternal and child health care. For example, the coverage of prenatal care was increased from 53% for 1981 birth cohort to 75% for 1984 birth cohort in the study area. In the control area, the same increased from 41% (1981) to 65% (1984). It is noteworthy that almost two thirds of the recent birth cohort received prenatal care even in the control area, indicating that there is a growing demand of MCH care as the size of family norm becomes smaller 3. There has been a substantive increase in delivery care by medical professions in the study area, with an annual increase rate of 10% due to midwives input in the study areas. The project had about two times greater effect on postnatal care (68% vs. 33%) at delivery care(45.2% vs. 26.1%). 4. The study area had better reproductive efficiency (wanted pregancies with FP practice & healthy live births survived by one year old) than the control area, especially among women under 30 (14.1% vs. 9.6%). The proportion of women who preferred the 1st trimester for their first prenatal care rose significantly in the study area as compared to the control area (24% vs 13%). B) Effects on Interactive Linkage 1. This project made a contribution in making several useful steps in the direction of service integration, namely; i) The health workers have become familiar with procedures on how to work together with each other (especially with a midwife) in carrying out their work in FP/MCH and, ii) The health workers have gotten a feeling of the usefulness of family health records (statistical integration) in identifying targets in their own work and their usefulness in caring for family health. 2. On the other hand, because of a lack of required organizational factors, complete linkage was not obtained as the project intended. i) In regards to the government health worker's activities in terms of home visiting there was not much difference between the study & control areas though the MW did more home visiting than Government health workers. ii) In assessing the service performance of MW & health workers, the midwives balanced their workload between 40% FP, 40% MCH & 20% other activities (mainly immunization). However, $85{\sim}90%$ of the services provided by the health workers were other than FP/MCH, mainly for immunizations such as the encephalitis campaign. In the control area, a similar pattern was observed. Over 75% of their service was other than FP/MCH. Therefore, the pattern shows the health workers are a long way from becoming multipurpose workers even though the government is pushing in this direction. 3. Villagers were much more likely to visit the health sub-center clinic in the study area than in the control area (58% vs.31%) and for more combined care (45% vs.23%). C) Organization factors (admistrative integrative issues) 1. When MW (new workers with higher qualification) were introduced to HSC, it was noted that there were conflicts between the existing HSC workers (Nurse aids with less qualification than MW) and the MW for the beginning period of the project. The cause of the conflict was studied by an anthropologist and it was pointed out that these functional integration problems stemmed from the structural inadequacies of the health subcenter organization as indicated below; i) There is still no general consensus about the objectives and goals of the project between the project staff and the existing health workers. ii) There is no formal linkage between the responsibility of each member's job in the health sub-center. iii) There is still little chance for midwives to play a catalytic role or to establish communicative networks between workers in order to link various knowledge and skills to provide better FP/MCH services in the health sub-center. 2. Based on the above findings the project recommended to the County Chief (who has power to control the administrative staff and the technical staff in his county) the following ; i) In order to solve the conflicts between the individual roles and functions in performing health care activities, there must be goals agreed upon by both. ii) The health sub·center must function as an autonomous organization to undertake the integration health project. In order to do that, it is necessary to support administrative considerations, and to establish a communication system for supervision and to control of the health sub-centers. iii) The administrative organization, tentatively, must be organized to bind the health worker's midwive's and director's jobs by an organic relationship in order to achieve the integrative system under the leadership of health sub-center director. After submitting this observation report, there has been better understanding from frequent meetings & communication between HW/MW in FP/MCH work as the program developed. Lessons learned from the Seosan Project (on issues of FP/MCH integration in Korea); 1) A majority or about 80% of the couples are now practicing FP. As indicated by the study, there is a growing demand from clients for the health system to provide more MCH services than FP in order to maintain the achieved small size of family through FP practice. It is fortunate to see that the government is now formulating a MCH policy for the year 2,000 and revising MCH laws and regulations to emphasize more MCH care for achieving a small size family through family planning practice. 2) Goal consensus in FP/MCH shouBd be made among the health workers It administrators, especially to emphasize the need of care of 'wanted' child. But there is a long way to go to realize the 'real' integration of FP into MCH in Korea, unless there is a structural integration FP/MCH because a categorical FP is still first priority to reduce the rate of population growth for economic reasons but not yet for health/welfare reasons in practice. 3) There should be more financial allocation: (i) a midwife should be made available to help to promote the MCH program and coordinate services, (in) there should be a health sub·center director who can provide leadership training for managing the integrated program. There is a need for 'organizational support', if the decision of integration is made to obtain benefit from both FP & MCH. In other words, costs should be paid equally to both FP/MCH. The integration slogan itself, without the commitment of paying such costs, is powerless to advocate it. 4) Need of management training for middle level health personnel is more acute as the Government has already constructed 90 MCH centers attached to the County Health Center but without adequate manpower, facilities, and guidelines for integrating the work of both FP and MCH. 5) The local government still considers these MCH centers only as delivery centers to take care only of those visiting maternity cases. The MCH center should be a center for the managment of all pregnancies occurring in the community and the promotion of FP with a systematic and effective linkage of resources available in the county such as i.e. Village Health Worker, Community Health Practitioner, Health Sub-center Physicians & Health workers, Doctors and Midwives in MCH center, OBGY Specialists in clinics & hospitals as practiced by the Seosan project at primary health care level.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.443-472
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• 2014

To survive in the global competitive environment, enterprise should be able to solve various problems and find the optimal solution effectively. The big-data is being perceived as a tool for solving enterprise problems effectively and improve competitiveness with its' various problem solving and advanced predictive capabilities. Due to its remarkable performance, the implementation of big data systems has been increased through many enterprises around the world. Currently the big-data is called the 'crude oil' of the 21st century and is expected to provide competitive superiority. The reason why the big data is in the limelight is because while the conventional IT technology has been falling behind much in its possibility level, the big data has gone beyond the technological possibility and has the advantage of being utilized to create new values such as business optimization and new business creation through analysis of big data. Since the big data has been introduced too hastily without considering the strategic value deduction and achievement obtained through the big data, however, there are difficulties in the strategic value deduction and data utilization that can be gained through big data. According to the survey result of 1,800 IT professionals from 18 countries world wide, the percentage of the corporation where the big data is being utilized well was only 28%, and many of them responded that they are having difficulties in strategic value deduction and operation through big data. The strategic value should be deducted and environment phases like corporate internal and external related regulations and systems should be considered in order to introduce big data, but these factors were not well being reflected. The cause of the failure turned out to be that the big data was introduced by way of the IT trend and surrounding environment, but it was introduced hastily in the situation where the introduction condition was not well arranged. The strategic value which can be obtained through big data should be clearly comprehended and systematic environment analysis is very important about applicability in order to introduce successful big data, but since the corporations are considering only partial achievements and technological phases that can be obtained through big data, the successful introduction is not being made. Previous study shows that most of big data researches are focused on big data concept, cases, and practical suggestions without empirical study. The purpose of this study is provide the theoretically and practically useful implementation framework and strategies of big data systems with conducting comprehensive literature review, finding influencing factors for successful big data systems implementation, and analysing empirical models. To do this, the elements which can affect the introduction intention of big data were deducted by reviewing the information system's successful factors, strategic value perception factors, considering factors for the information system introduction environment and big data related literature in order to comprehend the effect factors when the corporations introduce big data and structured questionnaire was developed. After that, the questionnaire and the statistical analysis were performed with the people in charge of the big data inside the corporations as objects. According to the statistical analysis, it was shown that the strategic value perception factor and the inside-industry environmental factors affected positively the introduction intention of big data. The theoretical, practical and political implications deducted from the study result is as follows. The frist theoretical implication is that this study has proposed theoretically effect factors which affect the introduction intention of big data by reviewing the strategic value perception and environmental factors and big data related precedent studies and proposed the variables and measurement items which were analyzed empirically and verified. This study has meaning in that it has measured the influence of each variable on the introduction intention by verifying the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variables through structural equation model. Second, this study has defined the independent variable(strategic value perception, environment), dependent variable(introduction intention) and regulatory variable(type of business and corporate size) about big data introduction intention and has arranged theoretical base in studying big data related field empirically afterwards by developing measurement items which has obtained credibility and validity. Third, by verifying the strategic value perception factors and the significance about environmental factors proposed in the conventional precedent studies, this study will be able to give aid to the afterwards empirical study about effect factors on big data introduction. The operational implications are as follows. First, this study has arranged the empirical study base about big data field by investigating the cause and effect relationship about the influence of the strategic value perception factor and environmental factor on the introduction intention and proposing the measurement items which has obtained the justice, credibility and validity etc. Second, this study has proposed the study result that the strategic value perception factor affects positively the big data introduction intention and it has meaning in that the importance of the strategic value perception has been presented. Third, the study has proposed that the corporation which introduces big data should consider the big data introduction through precise analysis about industry's internal environment. Fourth, this study has proposed the point that the size and type of business of the corresponding corporation should be considered in introducing the big data by presenting the difference of the effect factors of big data introduction depending on the size and type of business of the corporation. The political implications are as follows. First, variety of utilization of big data is needed. The strategic value that big data has can be accessed in various ways in the product, service field, productivity field, decision making field etc and can be utilized in all the business fields based on that, but the parts that main domestic corporations are considering are limited to some parts of the products and service fields. Accordingly, in introducing big data, reviewing the phase about utilization in detail and design the big data system in a form which can maximize the utilization rate will be necessary. Second, the study is proposing the burden of the cost of the system introduction, difficulty in utilization in the system and lack of credibility in the supply corporations etc in the big data introduction phase by corporations. Since the world IT corporations are predominating the big data market, the big data introduction of domestic corporations can not but to be dependent on the foreign corporations. When considering that fact, that our country does not have global IT corporations even though it is world powerful IT country, the big data can be thought to be the chance to rear world level corporations. Accordingly, the government shall need to rear star corporations through active political support. Third, the corporations' internal and external professional manpower for the big data introduction and operation lacks. Big data is a system where how valuable data can be deducted utilizing data is more important than the system construction itself. For this, talent who are equipped with academic knowledge and experience in various fields like IT, statistics, strategy and management etc and manpower training should be implemented through systematic education for these talents. This study has arranged theoretical base for empirical studies about big data related fields by comprehending the main variables which affect the big data introduction intention and verifying them and is expected to be able to propose useful guidelines for the corporations and policy developers who are considering big data implementationby analyzing empirically that theoretical base.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2017

최근 빈번하게 발생하고 있는 이상기후에 의한 기상재해로 온실의 피해가 크게 발생하고 있다. 이에 자연재해가 발생하는 근본적인 요인인 기상과 이상기후 현상에 대한 정량적인 분석을 통해 시설재배에 취약한 지역을 검토하여 피해를 사전에 최소화할 수 있는 대책수립 및 관리가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 전라도 지역을 대상으로 시설재배의 기상재해와 관련된 대리변수를 산정하여 기상재해에 의한 시설재배의 취약지역을 분석하였으며, GIS를 이용하여 공간적인 분포분석을 통해 기상재해에 취약한 시설재배지역을 지도로 나타내었다. 그리고 본 연구에서 작성된 시설재배의 취약지도와 대상지역에서 발생된 온실의 실제 재해기록과 비교 검토하였다. 본 연구에서 최종적으로 작성된 기상재해에 대한 시설재배 취약지도와 실제 온실의 피해기록을 비교해보면, 광주광역시, 나주시, 영암군, 장성군, 함평군 그리고 해남군 등 대상지역의 약 50% 정도가 본 연구의 취약지도와 실제 재해기록과 일치하는 경향이 나타났다. 이에 반해 군산시, 김제시, 목포시 그리고 무안군 등은 기상조건이 취약등급에 포함이 됨에도 불구하고 재해피해가 낮게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 지역에 따라 다른 온실의 구조적인 설계 및 관리측면이 변수로 작용한 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 온실의 자연재해의 주요 원인인 기상자료를 분석하여 기상재해에 대한 시설재배의 취약지도를 작성하였고, 과거 재해기록과 비교하여 대상지역 내에서 취약한 지점을 확인하였다. 이 연구는 온실의 설계 및 관리측면에서 기상재해에 의한 피해를 경감 및 예방하기 위한 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.417-430
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• 1993

이 연구는 환경적 요소(간호사의 자율성, 조직의 표준화)와 개인의 특성(통제위, 나이, 경험. 간호역할개념, 도덕성), 직무 스트레스, 윤리적 의사결정 사이의 관계를 이론적 틀을 구성하여 테스트함으로써 그 인과관계를 탐구하였다. 본 연구를 위해 개발된 모형은 1) Katz와 Kahn의 조직에 대한 개방체계 이론(open systems theory of organization) ; 2) Kahn. Wolfe, Quinn, Snoek의 스트레스 이론 (theory of stress) : 3) Kohlberg의 도덕발달 이론(theory of moral develop-ment): 그리고 4) 여러 문헌고찰을 기초로 하였다. 본 연구의 모형은 2가지의 주요 종속변수(직무 스트레스, 윤리적 간호행위), 2가지 매개변수(간호 역할개념, 도덕성 발달정도) 그리고 여러 독립변수들(조직의 표준화, 자율성, 통제위, 교육, 나이, 경험 등)로 구성되었다. 간단히 말해, 간호사의 스트레스와 윤리적 간호행위 를 개인 자신과 환경이라는 두 요소의 결과로 간주한 것이다. 미국(2개주)의 여러 건강관리기관에 근무하는 224명의 정규 간호사를 대상으로 하였고. 가설 검증을 위하여 1) 변수간의 인과관계를 조사하기 위한 Linear Structural Relationships(LISREL)기법과 2) 나이, 경험, 교육이 변수간의 관계에 미치는 중간역할을 알아보기 위해 상관분석을 이용하였다. LISREL결과를 보면 제시된 모델이 각 내재 변수에 상당한 설명력을 가지면서 자료에 잘 맞는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구에서 가장 뚜렷한 점으로 나타난 것은 개인의 특성보다 환경적 요소로서의 자율성이 직무스트레스와 윤리적 의사결정을 예견하는데 훨씬 중요한 변수로 부각되었다는 점이다. 또한 간호사의 전문적 역할개념과 봉사적 역할개념이 간호사의 윤리적 의사결정을 예견하는 가장 중요한 요소로 나타났다. 중간영향(moderation effect)을 보면, 젊고 경험이 적은 간호사일수록 나이가 많고 경험있는 간호사보다 환경적 요소(자율성)에 더 큰 영향을 받는다는 것을 암시하고 있다. 또한 4년제 대학 이상을 졸업한 간호사의 윤리 적 간호행 위 는 2, 3년제 를 졸업 한 간호사 보다 환경적 요소에 의해 덜 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 자율성의 부족은 2, 3년제 졸업 간호사보다 4년제 졸업 간호사에게 더 심한 스트레스가 되고 있음을 시사하였다. 이 연구의 결과로부터 적어도 다음과 같은 두 가지 실제적인 제언을 도출할 수 있다. 첫째, 이 연구는 환경적요소로서의 자율성이 다른 어떤 개인적인 요소보다 직무 스트레스를 예견하는 데 중요한 요소라는 것을 제시하였다. 이것은 간호행정가들에게, 간호사의 직무 스트레스를 감소시키기 위해선 “자율성”이 아주 중요히 다루어져야 한다는 것을 의미한다. 만일 간호사들의 직무스트레스가 그 개인의 복지에 큰 해가 되고 환자를 간호하는 데 직접적으로 관계된다면, 간호행정가는 그 조직의 직무체계를 다시 평가해서 일에 대한 새로운 설계가 필요한지를 파악해야 한다. 또한 이 연구는 직무를 다시 설계할 경우, 누구에게 먼저 촛점을 두고 시작해야 하는지를 밝혀주고 있다. 즉, 젊고 경험이 미숙한 간호사들에게 촛점을 두고 시작해야 하며, 작업환경의 가장 중요한 차원중의 하나인 사회적 지원(social support)을 조심스럽게 고려해 보아야 한다. 둘째, 간호사의 윤리적 간호행위를 높히기 위해 전문적 역할개념과 봉사적 역할개념이 재강조될 필요가 있다. 이 두 역할개념 들을 교육을 통하여 효과적으로 가르칠 필요가 있다고 본다. 이 두 개념들이 간호사의 바람직한 간호행 위에 영향을 미치는 가장 중요한 요소로 나타났기 때문이다. 또한, 본 연구결과에 따르면, 경험이 많을수록 일에 싫증을 느껴 바람직한 윤리적 간호행위가 감소되는 경향이 있었다. 따라서, 건강관리체제 (health care system) 안에서의 간호사의 역할이-전문직으로서의, 그리고 환자를 위한 옹호자로서의-학교와 임상에서 효과적으로 교육되어져야 한다고 본다. 간호사들의 역할에 대한 계속적인 교육이 학생은 물론 임상 간호사들에게도 실시되어져야 할 것이다. 미래연구의 방향을 제시해 보면 첫째로 연구의 일반화를 높히기 위해 더 많은 대상자를 포함시켜야 한다. 이는 여러 종류의 표본을 반드시 한번에 전부 포함시켜야 한다는 것을 의미하는 것이 아니고, 특정한 여러 표본들을 연속적으로 연구함으로서 이 목표를 성취할 수 있다고 생각한다. 둘째는 여러 construct들(윤리적 간호행위, 직무 스트레스, 간호 역할개념 등)에 대한 적절한 측정도구를 개발해야 한다. 측정도구를 개발하기 위해서는 풍부하고 세세한 통찰력을 제공하는 질적인 정보를 얻는 것이 선행되어야 한다. 셋째, 윤리적 간호행위와 직무 스트레스에 관한 연구를 증진시키기 위해 실험설계 및 종단적 연구(expel-imental, longitudinal design)가 시도될 필요가 있다. 마지막으로, 윤리적 간호행위와 직무 스트레스를 예견할 수 있는 이론적 탐구(theoretical exploration), 즉 이론정립을 위하여, 환경적 요소와 개인의 특성에 대한 자세한 정보를 제공해 줄 수 있는 질적 연구들이 요구된다.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.223-248
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• 2012

본 연구는 대구경북지역 섬유산업의 경쟁력 회복을 위해 1999년부터 소위 '밀라노프로젝트'로 시작된 대구지역 섬유산업진흥사업을 중심으로 지난 10년간의 대구지역 섬유산업의 정책변화와 지역 섬유산업의 구조변화에 대한 현황분석을 토대로 향후 대구경북지역 섬유산업의 혁신과제를 제안하고자 하였다. 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1단계 밀라노프로젝트('99-'03)는 기획 수립단계에서부터 섬유산업의 중장기 발전시나리오에 기초한 비전과 전략의 부재로 체계적인 사업기획 및 단위사업 선정이 미흡함으로써 패션어패럴밸리 조성 등 사업의 추진일정이 지연된 문제점이 노출되었지만, 신제품개발지원센터, 염색디자인실용화센터 등 차별화 제품의 개발을 지원할 수 있는 기반을 구축하게 되었다는 점에서 성과의 의의가 있다. 2단계 대구섬유산업진흥사업('04-'08)은 경상북도의 도비 매칭을 통하여 대구경북지역의 광역사업으로 추진되었으며, 기 구축된 인프라를 중심으로 지원된 기술개발지원 사업은 특허출원 등 기술적 성과와 신상품 매출액 비중 증가 등의 경제적 성과가 가시화되고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 아울러 섬유업계는 1990년대 후반부터 한계업체 퇴출, 설비매각 이전 등 고강도의 구조조정이 진행되어 왔으나, 현재 영업중인 섬유업체는 재무구조, 생산성, 수익성 측면에서는 기업의 경영성과가 호전되었다. 산업 구조적인 측면에서는 의류용섬유소재분야에서 산업용섬유소재분야로 구조전환이 이루어지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 기업의 혁신역량 분석에서는 타 산업과 비교할 때 큰 차이는 없으나, 최고경영자의 기술혁신의지, 기업가 정신, 연구개발 역량과 인적자원분야에서 혁신역량이 다소 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 향후 섬유산업의 지속발전을 위한 경쟁력 제고를 위해서는 하이테크 섬유소재와 생활용 섬유분야에 대한 선택과 집중이 필요하며, 향후 물리적 집적기반보다는 신뢰와 협력에 기반한 네트워크를 통해 '혁신 시너지'를 창출할 수 있도록 소프트웨어적 인프라 구축에 보다 집중하여야 할 것이다. 특히 지역 섬유산업이 지역 전략산업으로 선정되어 10년 이상 지속적인 지원을 받아 온 만큼, 이제 전통 주력산업에서 미래 성장산업으로 변모하기 위해서는 기업의 기술혁신의지와 기업가정신에 기초한 기업주도의 '혁신 클러스터'를 반드시 창출해야 할 것이다.