• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.229-236
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• 2016

In this paper, we suggest new technology that can draw characters at a long distance by tracking a hand and analysing the trajectories of hand positions. It's difficult to recognize the shape of a character without discriminating effective strokes from all drawing strokes. We detect end points from input trajectories of a syllable with camera system and localize strokes by using detected end points. Then we classify the patterns of the extracted strokes into eight classes and finally into two categories of stroke that is part of syllable and not. We only draw the strokes that are parts of syllable and can display a character. We can get 88.3% in classification accuracy of stroke patterns and 91.1% in stroke type classification.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.344-353
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• 2006

In this paper, we present a new algorithm which imitate real pencil strokes. The purpose of research on NPR(Non-Photorealistic Rendering) is simulating automatically manmade artistic expressions such as pen-and-ink illustrations, watercolor paintings, pencil sketches and pastel drawings with computers. Recently, there has been a great deal of research works on NPR. One of them is researching in pencil illustration methods for NPR, and a lot of researchers have investigated into the LIC(Linear Integral Convolution) techniques which would change the initial images into the output images by directional vector field images for generating effects of pencil. However, the LIC techniques can not be applied to real-time drawing tools because they are post processing techniques. This paper presents a real-time pencil strokes algorithm which is based on an observation of how pencils(from 6B to 6H) draw lines. Although this algorithm using some pencil variables and noise generation is simple, it is fast and also can draw real-time pencil strokes similar to real manmade pencil strokes in a GUI drawing tool.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1558-1568
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• 2004

In ancient times, the society was unity of church and state and this social leader took medical treatment, too. As he ruled over a people with a Chinese classic on divination, many oriental doctors have considered that the medicine and a Chinese classic on divination(周易) have same origine, and have used it. The divination of six yinyang-strokes(六爻) must be made up of some established rules, for example, division of fifty sticks(葉蓍法), use of three coins(擲錢法), use of numbering sticks and number of time(時間作卦法). six yinyang-strokes is one trigram. As we divine good or bad luck through investigation of six yinyang-strokes, we can know good or bad luck of patient's diseases and cares. A purpose of divination is called use-spirit(用神), a spirit to weaken use-spirit is called dislike-spirit (忌神), and a spirit to help use-spirit is called pleasure-spirit(喜神). As use-spirit is a state of disease in divination of disease and patient, use-spirit is patient and dislike-spirit is disease. If supports of use-spirit are more than supports of dislike, it's good luck, but if not, it's bad luck. As use-spirit is a prognosis of disease in divination of care, use-spirit is patient, dislike-spirit is a state of disease, and pleasure-spirit are medicine and doctor. we inspect condition of patient with good or bad luck of use-spirit, state of disease with good or bad luck of dislike-spirit, and medicine with good or bad luck of pleasure-spirit. Finally, we take a bird's-eye-view of the balance of them and decide on course of action.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.344-356
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long term tooth-brushing effect on the color change of specially treated IPS Empress porcelain surface. Staining techique with blue stain and liquid was used. The surfaces of the specimen were treated with 5% and 10% Hydrofluoric acid, 50mm and 250mm alumina sandblast, and then blue stain and liquid were used for external stain. After 29,200, 58,400, 87,600, 116,200 brushing strokes (equivalent to 2, 4, 6, 8 years each), color changes of the stained layer were measured with spectrophotometer(CM-3500d, MINOLTA, Tolkyo, Japan). The result of this study was obtained as follows : 1. The color changes were great after 29,200 tooth brushing strokes in every group, but from 29,200 strokes to 116,800 strokes, there were no significant color changes in each group. (p>0.05) 2. The greastest color changes were observed in 5% HF treated group and the least color changes were observed in $50{\mu}m$ aluminar sandblast treated group in every stroke (p<0.05), but no statistical difference between groups compared with control group (p>0.05). According to these results, pretreatment of I.P.S. Empress porcelain with alumina sandblast improved the color stability It is thought that about 8 year-tooth brushing strokes does not change the color of IPS Empress porcelain significantly on this condition, but long term follow-up will be needed.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.07b
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• pp.916-919
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• 2002

This paper introduces the problem of typeface classification of Hangul characters and proposes features for typeface classification among Serif and Sans-serif classes. Serif classes have a small decorative stroke around the beginning of vertical strokes, while Sans-serif classes have no serif. Therefore, the serif part is first segmented from the vertical strokes, and the direction of the serif is computed as the feature for Hangul typeface identification. To evaluate the performance of the proposed system, we used 3,000 characters extracted from Korean documents - 1,500 from Serif fonts, other 1,500 from Sans-serif fonts.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.370-372
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• 1997

In this paper, magnetic fields produced by lightning return strokes were investigated and analyzed Magnetic field and its derivatives were measured with two crossed loop antennas. Frequency bandwidths of the magnetic field and its derivative measuring systems are in the range of $270\;[Hz]\;{\sim}\;2.3\;[MHz]$ and $450\;[Hz]\;{\sim}\;2.5\;[MHz]$, and their response sensitivity are 128 [mV/${\mu}T$] and 4.12 [mV/nT//${\mu}s$], respectively. Signals are digitized every 500 [ns], data are automatically recorded by transient signal analyzer(Nicolet Pro. 30) having the resolution of 12 - bit and the length of 5 kilowords, and they are registered at personal computer. Magnetic field and its derivative waveforms associated with lightning return strokes were observed since the summer of 1997 at Inha University in Inchon.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• v.5A no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 2005

The effects of surge arresters for the protection of transmission systems against direct lightning strokes have already been reviewed by many researchers. However, their studies have not encompassed underground cable systems. Therefore, in this paper we investigate the 22.9kV combined distribution systems that have arresters and ground wires. In addition, we analyze the overvoltages on underground distribution cable sections when direct lightning strokes contact the overhead ground wire using EMTP. Finally, we discuss the effect of lightning strokes according to the change of cable length and installation of arresters. This study provides insulation coordination methods for reasonable system design in 22.9kV underground distribution cable systems.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1994.07b
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• pp.1658-1660
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• 1994

This paper describes the measurement system of the magnetic field waveforms generated by lightning return strokes. The frequency bandwidth of magnetic field measurement system is from 270[Hz] to about 2.3 [MHz]. As the application experiment, the magnetic field generated by simple impulse and oscillating impulse currents, which are measured by a current transformer (Tek. AM503), is observed by the trial magnetic field measurement system. The obtained results are agreement with each other. A typical magnetic field waveform associated with lightning return strokes was recorded and presented.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.86-90
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• 2009

The Purpose of this study was to investigate correlations between the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) in strokes. The data collected retrospectively from fifty-five stroke rehabilitation patients. The MMSE and FIM at the time of admission and discharge were obtained from patients' medical records. Firstly, Pearson correlation coefficients of the MMSE score at the time of admission revealed $0.286{\sim}0.747$ with FIM at the time of discharge (p<0.05). Also, the change of MMSE score significantly correlated with the change of total FIM scores in strokes (r=0.409, p<0.05). Because the MMSE scores at the time of admission and FIM at the time of discharge are correlated, the MMSE scores can be used to predict the FIM at the time of discharge and establish a rehabilitation program.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.33B no.9
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• pp.124-134
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• 1996

Korean has a large set of characters, and has a two-dimensional formation: each character is composed of graphemes in two dimensions. Whereas connections between characters are rare, connections inside a grapheme and between graphemes happen frequently and these connections generate many cursive strokes. To deal with the large character set and the cursive strokes, using the graphemes as a recognition unit is an efffective approach, because it naturally accommodates the structural characteristics of the characters. In this paper, we propose a grapheme-based on-line recognition method for cursive korean characters. Our method uses a TDNN recognition engine to segment cursive strokes into graphemes and a graph-algorithmic postprocessor based on korean grapheme composition rule and viterbi search algorithm to find the best recognition score path. We experimented the method on freely hand-written charactes and obtained a recognition rate of 94.5%.