• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.384-394
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• 2018

Objective: This study was performed to investigate an appropriate degree of prestretch for orthodontic synthetic elastomeric chains focusing on time-dependent viscoelastic properties. Methods: Orthodontic synthetic elastomeric chains of two brands were prestretched to 50, 100, 150, and 200% of the original length in one and three cycles, and the hysteresis areas of the obtained stress-strain curves were determined. Acrylic plates were employed to maintain constant strain during the experiment. A total of 180 samples were classified into nine groups according to brand, and their stresses and permanent deformations were measured immediately after prestretch (0 hour), after 1 hour and 24 hours, and after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 weeks. The relationship between stress relaxation and permanent deformation was investigated for various degrees of prestretch, and the estimated stress resulting from tooth movement was calculated. Results: The degree of prestretch and the stress relaxation ratio exhibited a strong negative correlation, whereas no correlation was found between the degree of prestretch and the average normalized permanent strain. The maximal estimated stress was observed when prestretch was performed in three cycles to 200% of the original length. Conclusions: Although prestretch benefited residual stress, it did not exhibit negative effects such as permanent deformation. The maximal estimated stress was observed at the maximal prestretch, but the difference between prestretch and control groups decreased with time. In general, higher residual stresses were observed for product B than for product A, but this difference was not clinically significant.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제40권12호
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• pp.1027-1035
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• 2016

내식성과 기계적 성능이 우수한 316L 스테인리스 강의 저주기 변형률제어 피로시험에서 3가지 변형률진폭과 3가지 변형률비의 조건이 피로수명에 미치는 효과를 분석하였다. 낮은 변형률범위에서 곡선이 거의 중첩되는 Masing 거동이 나타나고, 높은 변형률범위에서 비선형거동 응력범위가 서로 크게 벗어나는 non-Masing 거동과 함께 평균응력의 감소가 나타났다. 소성 변형률에너지를 이용하여 저주기 피로수명을 예측하고 non-Masing 거동을 고려한 수명예측 방법의 정확성 여부를 검토하였다. 각각의 변형률진폭과 변형률비의 조건에서 초기 수 사이클 동안 반복경화 현상 후 장시간동안 점진적으로 낮아져 연화하다가 파괴 되었다. 저사이클 피로수명을 정확히 예측하기 위해서는 변형률진폭에 따라 Masing 및 non-Masing 거동을 구분하고, 이를 반영한 수명예측식을 적용해야 함을 알았다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2018

In this study, low cyclic fatigue test was carried out at room temperature condition for rolled STS304 steel. The results of this study show that rolled STS304 steel has excellent static tensile strength and fatigue characteristics. The relationship between plastic strain range and fatigue life was examined using the triangular wave in order to predict the low cycle fatigue life of rolled STS304 steel by Coffin-Manson equation. Cyclic behavior of rolled STS304 steel was characterized by cyclic hardening with increasing number of cycle through the Hysteresis loop analysis and cyclic response of maximum stress versus number of cycles. It is found that the plastic deformation energy consumed per cycle is reduced by calculating the area of the hysteresis loop.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.717-729
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• 2019

A horizontal cyclic test was carried out to study the seismic performance of lightweight aggregate concrete filled steel tube (LACFST). The constitutive and hysteretic model of core lightweight aggregate concrete (LAC) was proposed for finite element simulation. The stress and strain changes of the steel tube and concrete filled inside were measured in the experiment, and the failure mode, hysteresis curve, skeleton curve, and strain curve of the test specimens were obtained. The influence of axial compression ratio, diameter-thickness ratio and material strength were analysed based on finite element model. The results show that the hysteresis curve of LACFST indicated favourable ductility, energy dissipation, and seismic performance. The LACFST failed when the concrete in the bottom first crushed and the steel tube then bulged, thus axial force imposed by prestressing was proved to be feasible. The proposed constitutive model and hysteretic model of LAC under the constraint of its steel tube was reliable. The bearing capacity and ductility of the specimen increase significantly with increasing thickness of the steel tube. The bearing capacity of the member improves while the ductility and energy dissipation performance slightly decreased with the increasing strength of the steel and concrete.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.297-302
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• 2004

This paper presents the low cycle thermal fatigue of the engine exhaust manifold subject to thermo-mechanical cyclic loading. As a failure of the exhaust manifold is mainly caused by geometric constraints of the less expanded inlet flange and cylinder head, the analysis is based on the exhaust system model with three-dimensional temperature distribution and temperature dependent material properties. The result show that large compressive plastic deformations are generated at an elevated temperature of the exhaust manifold and tensile stresses are remained in several critical zones at a cold condition. From the repetition of these thermal shock cycles, maximum plastic strain range (0.454%) could be estimated by the stabilized stress-strain hysteresis loops. It is used to predict the low cycle thermal fatigue life of the exhaust manifold for the thermal shock test.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2007

This paper presents the low cycle thermal fatigue of the engine exhaust manifold subject to thermomechanical cyclic loadings. The analysis includes the FE model of the exhaust system, temperature dependent material properties, and thermal loadings. The result shows that at an elevated temperature, large compressive plastic deformations are generated, and at a cold condition, tensile stresses are remained in several critical zones of the exhaust manifold. From the repetitions of thermal shock cycles, plastic strain ranges could be estimated by the stabilized stress-strain hysteresis loops. The method was applied to assess the low cycle thermal fatigue for the engine exhaust manifold. It shows a good agreement between numerical and experimental results.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 C
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• pp.1050-1053
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• 1998

To be applied to electrical equipment HTSC tapes have to endure external stress and so on. The critical current density has been shown depending on the mechanical properties. strain and bending stress. AC loss reduction is primary concern in the development of such high-efficiency equipment. AC losses in Bi-2223 silver-sheathed tapes, both single and multi-filamentary, were investigated by means of AC magnetization techniques. The results were compared with the hysteresis loss equation based on Bean model and the eddy current loss equation. The AC loss of the mono-filamentary tape was the hysteresis. On the contrary, the AC loss of the multi-filamentary tape was substantially dominated by the eddy current loss in the Ag matrix.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 B
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• pp.702-705
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• 1998

To be applied to electrical equipment HTSC tapes have to endure external stress and so on. The critical current density has been shown depending on the mechanical properties, strain and bending stress. AC loss reduction is primary concern in the development of such high-efficiency equipment. AC losses in Bi-2223 silver-sheathed tapes, both single and multi-filamentary, were investigated by means of AC magnetization techniques. The results were compared with the hysteresis loss equation based on Bean model and the eddy current loss equation. The AC loss of the mono-filamentary tape was the hysteresis. On the contrary, the AC loss of the multi-filamentary tape was substantially dominated by the eddy current loss in the Ag matrix.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부A
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• pp.382-385
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• 1998

To be applied to electrical equipment HTSC tapes have to endure external stress and so on. The critical current density has been shown depending on the mechanical properties, strain and bending stress. AC loss reduction is primary concern in the development of such high-efficiency equipment. AC losses in Bi-2223 silver-sheathed tapes, both single and multi-filamentary, were investigated by means of AC magnetization techniques. The results were compared with the hysteresis loss equation based on Bean model and the eddy current loss equation. The AC loss of the mono-filamentary tape was the hysteresis. On the contrary, the AC loss of the multi-filamentary tape was substantially dominated by the eddy current loss in the Ag matrix.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.191-197
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• 1987

본 논문에서는 이상과 같이 그 중요성이 인정되는 작은 표면피로균열의 성장 특성을 조사하기 위하여 연강과 중탄소강에 두 종류의 작은 표면결함을 가공한 네가지 종류의 시험편을 제작하고, 응력비 R=-1인 소야식 회전굽힘 피로시험을 통하여 작은 표면결함이 피로강도에 미치는 영향과 그 성장특성을 조사한 후 응력확대계수 K를 사 용하는 방법과 반복전스트레인 확대계수범위 .DELTA. $K_{\epsilon}$t/를 비교 검토하여 그 유효성 을 조사하고 이를 파괴역학적 측면에서 고찰하였다.다.