• Anxiety and mood
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2011

Objectives : We examined the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Depression and Somatic Symptom Scale (DSSS) in Korean patients with depressive symptoms. Methods : Participants were 55 outpatients diagnosed with major depressive disorder, a depressive episode of bipolar I disorder, somatoform disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, or post-traumatic stress disorder according to the DSM-IV criteria. We assessed them using the Korean versions of the DSSS, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self Report (QIDS-SR). Results : The Korean version DSSS had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.90. Moreover, each item's correlation with the total score was statistically significant (r=0.24-0.71, p<0.01). The test-retest correlation coefficient (r=0.83, p<0.01) was relatively high, and the DSSS correlations with the HDRS and QIDS-SR were 0.77 and 0.74, respectively. Conclusion : These results demonstrate that the Korean version of the DSSS could be a reliable and valid tool for screening and assessing depressive patients. The Korean version of the DSSS will be a useful tool for screening both depressive and somatic symptoms in Korea.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.198-209
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• 2021

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report 3 cases of Korean medical treatment on adult atopic dermatitis. Methods : Three patients with adult atopic dermatitits were treated with herbal medicine (Soyo-san hap Samul-tang), acupuncture, and moxibustion. Psychosomatic symptoms were considered the main criteria for treatment. The effects of treatment were evaluated through photographs of the lesions, using EASI and DLQI scores. Results : After treatment, EASI and DLQI scores on three atopic dermatitis patients improved significantly. Conclusions : This clinical case study has demonstrated that Korean medicine may be an effective option for treating adult atopic dermatitis. In addition, considering psychosomatic symptoms when treating atopic dermatitis may also lead to effective treatment.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.208-220
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to determine health problems experienced by workers in special employment relationships (WSER) and identify coping strategies used when such problems occur. Methods: This qualitative study used the focus group interview method. Thirteen study participants included five home-visit tutors, five insurance salespersons, and three credit card recruiters. The interviews were conducted from November 2018 through January 2019, with each occupational group interview lasting about 2 hours. Analysis based on phenomenological research was independently performed by two researchers. Results: Most participants had common health problems involving vocal cord symptoms, and stress related to emotional labor and traffic accidents. The unique health problems included cystitis, musculoskeletal, and digestive symptoms in home-visit tutors; reduced vision and hearing in insurance salespersons; and mental distress in credit card recruiters. There was no protection system for their health coverage, and the company emphasized their self-employed status to avoid taking responsibility for them. Twelve participants did not purchase occupational accident insurance owing to both not having adequate information and economic burden concerning premium status. Conclusion: WSER experienced both physical and mental health problems. These problems were caused by their unstable employment status, and the social security system for their coverage being non-functioning.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.608-623
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a combined biofeedback and brief emotion regulation (C-BABER) program for sexually abused adolescents. Methods: This study employed a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants included 26 sexually abused adolescents from eight Sunflower Centers of South Korea-with 13 in the experimental group and 13 in the control group. The experimental group received four sessions of the individual C-BABER program, each lasting 60 minutes. Results: Compared with the control group, sexually abused adolescents in the experimental group exhibited significant score differences in traumatic symptoms, including depression (Z = - 2.24, p = .025), dissociation (Z = - 2.21, p = .027), anxiety (Z = - 2.02, p = .044), and posttraumatic stress (Z = - 2.01 p = .045); and impulsivity, including positive urgency (Z = - 3.35, p = .001) and negative urgency (Z = - 2.28, p = .023). Additionally, the experimental group exhibited significant score differences in meta-mood, including emotional attention (Z = - 2.45, p = .014), emotional clarity (Z = - 2.30, p = .021), and emotional repair (Z = - 2.28, p = .022); and emotional regulation modes, including emotional suppression (Z = - 2.65, p = .008) and cognitive reappraisal (Z = - 1.98, p = .047). Regarding bio-attention, significant changes were identified in the experimental group for the bio-attention rate and attention maintenance time in the posttest compared to the pretest (p = .001). Conclusion: The C-BABER program for sexually abused adolescents is effective in decreasing traumatic symptoms and impulsivity, and in improving meta-mood, emotional regulation mode, and bio-attention. Therefore, we recommend providing sexually abused adolescents the C-BABER program to help them regulate their emotions and effectively adapt to their lives.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.83-94
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• 2023

Objectives: To investigate the correlation of anxiety or depression mood with physical stress of 59 participants (29 who complained of chronic headache and 30 who did not complain of headache) using a questionnaire on chronic headache symptoms, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Heart Rate Variability (HRV). Methods: In this study, medical records of 59 participants (29 who complained of chronic headache and 30 who did not complain of headache) who completed the BAI, BDI, HRV, and Questionnaire for chronic headache symptoms were evaluated. All data were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Version 26.0). Descriptive Analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi square test (Fisher's exact test), and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. Results: 1. The chronic headache group had significantly lower SDNN, RMSSD, TP, LF, and HF values on HRV than the general control group. 2. As BAI and BDI scores of the chronic headache group increased, the overall HRV value tended to decrease, indicating a deep association. 3. There was a negative association between BDI and HRV values in the chronic headache group, although such association was not statistically significant. Conclusions: BDI can be negatively correlated with HRV (SDNN, RMSSD, TP, LF, HF) in chronic headache patients.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.939-948
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• 2008

The effects of goat's beard (Aruncus dioicus var ramtschaticus Hara) ethanol extracts (AD) on the streptozotocin-induced diabetic symptoms and oxidative stress in rats were assessed. Experimental plots were divided into normal controls (NC), diabetes controls (DM), diet with 0.3% AD after diabetes induction (SA), and diet with 0.6% AD after diabetes induction (SB), then fed for 5 weeks. In the SA and SB groups as compared with the DM group, diabetic symptoms including weight loss, increase in feed and water intake, and enlargement of the liver and kidney were improved. The levels of blood glucose and serum fructosamine were reduced by $17.9{\sim}27.2%$ and $25.6{\sim}32.6%$, respectively. The activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol in the serum were reduced by $25.6{\sim}30.3$, $42.37{\sim}55.51$, $26.85{\sim}30.44$ and $37.29{\sim}39.11%$, respectively, whereas the level of HDL-cholesterol was increased by $37.29{\sim}39.11%$. Hepatic total (T) and O type (O) activities of xanthine oxidoreductase, O/T ratio(%) and level of lipid peroxide were significantly decreased, while the level of glutathione was increased, and also the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase were increased by $56.84{\sim}94.90%$ and $57.14{\sim}68.92%$, respectively. In the above results, it was noted that AD has an antidiabetic effect which alleviated hyperglycemia and the AD reduced and/or prevented the tissue damage caused by diabetes yia the inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generating systems concurrent with an increase in ROS scavenging.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.50-57
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• 2005

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the differences in clinical characteristics and severity of symptoms between panic patients with and without comorbid major depressive disorder, and to ascertain the differences in the function of the autonomic nerve system measured by heart rate variability (HRV). Methods: The subjects were 60 patients who have panic disorder without major depressive disorder and 19 patients who met DSMIV criteria for both panic disorder and major depressive disorder. First, they drew up symptom checklists and self-rating scales, and were measured by Anxiety Disorder Inventory Schedule-Panic Attack & Agoraphobia (ADIS-P&A), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV). For statistical analysis, we performed t-test to compare the scores of self reported scales and clinician’s rating scales in panic patients with comorbid major depressive disorder and those without major depressive disorder. ANCOVA was used to compare the variables of HRV, considering age as a covariate. Results: The subjective severities of depression and anxiety that comorbid patients complained of were higher than those of patients with only panic disorder. Futhermore, comorbid patients were more sensitive to anxiety and physical sensations, and they tend to be more negative in their thinking. The scores of clinician-rating scales such as CGI and PDSS were also higher in the comorbid patients. However, there were no significant differences in HRV variables between both groups, despite a tendency to low heart rate variability in the comorbid group. Conclusion: This study suggests that patients with panic disorder and comorbid major depressive disorder tend to complain of more symptoms and to be more sensitive to various symptoms than those with panic disorder without comorbid depression. However, in this study comorbid major depressive disorder did not have a significant impact on the HRV variables of patients with panic disorder.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.103-108
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• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of treatment with osmotic-release oral system methylphenidate (OROS-MPH) on quality of life (QOL) in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Another aim is to assess the relationship between change in QOL and other factors including children's symptoms and academic performance or parents' depression and parenting stress. Methods : A total of 111 medication-naive children with ADHD in a multicenter, open-label, 12-week trial of OROS-MPH completed an evaluation using diverse rating scales at two time points; at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. Scales for investigation of children included the Parent Report Form-Children's Health and Illness Profile-Children's Edition (PRF-CHIP-CE) on QOL, the ADHD Rating Scale-IV on symptoms, and the Academic Performance Rating Scale (APRS). The Beck Depression Inventory and Parenting Stress Index were used for assessment of their parents. Results : Total scores for mean PRF-CHIP-CE increased from $207.9{\pm}26.7$ at baseline to $226.3{\pm}25.9$ after 12 weeks of treatment (p<.001). The change of APRS showed the strongest correlation with the increment of PRF-CHIP-CE scores (Pearson coefficient=0.561, p<.001), even after controlling for other factors (partial correlation coefficient=0.420, p<.001). Conclusion : Treatment with MPH-OROS results in improvement of QOL in children with ADHD in Korea. The advance in academic performance plays a key role in this change of QOL.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate applications of 122 prescriptions including Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex in Dongeuibogam. Methods : 122 prescriptions including Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex which have been used separately or concurrently in Oriental Medicine for a long time as a treatment for various disease in Dongeuibogam were studied through order of frequency, symptoms, dosages, and etc. Results : 1. 19(15.57%) prescriptions are recorded in fatigue chapter, 11(9.02%) in mental or emotional disorder as a result of repressed anger or stress chapter, 9(7.38%) in urine and cough chapters respectively and 8(6.56%) in eyes, ears and glycosuria chapters respectively, which are arranged in order of frequency. 2. Burning stress resulted from Yin deficiency treat herbs are ranked top, Yin deficiency treat herbs, dim eyes, Yin-yang deficiency treat herbs, kidney function deficiency treat herbs are ranked in order of frequency among 78 symptoms in prescriptions including Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex. 3. The dosages of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma which is more used than Phellodendri Cortex are ranged from 5 puns:4 puns ~ 2 nyangs:1 nyang. 1 jeon:5 puns is recorded 3(30.00%), 1 jeon:7 puns is 2 times(20.00%), the others are 1 (10.00%) used among 10 prescriptions including Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex. 4. The dosages of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma which is used same amount Phellodendri Cortex are ranged from 3 puns each ~ 4 nyangs each, same amount each or unidentified dosages. Same amount each or unidentified dosages each is recorded 36 times(38.71%), 5 puns each is 15 times(16.85%), 1 nyang each is recorded 12 times(13.48%), 0.7 jeon each is recorded 7 times (7.87%) and 1 jeon each is recorded 6 times(6.74%) used among 89 prescriptions including Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex. 5. The dosages of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma which is less used than Phellodendri Cortex are ranged from 3 puns:1 jeon ~ 4 nyangs:8 nyangs. 1 nyang:2 nyangs is recorded 4(17.39%), 0.5 jeon:1 jeon is 3(13.40%) each, the others are 1 time(4.35%) used among 23 prescriptions including Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex. 6. The less using dosage of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex has a more percentage of decoctions groups, The more using dosage of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex has a more percentage of the other groups except decoctions. The less using prescriptions have an effects of controlling yin and blood deficiency, enhancing Qi, etc, as a whole. The more using prescriptions as a form of compound powder have an effects in incurableness disease, chronic diseases, and etc. Conclusions : The 122 prescriptions including Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex in Dongeuibogam are mainly composed of Gamree-hwan, Samool-tang, Naebo-hwan, Sagoonja-tang and Gobangpoong-tang, and etc.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.141-154
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was planned to evaluate clinical status of the alopecia patients who had visited oriental medicine clinic. Methods : 80 patients with alopecia, who had visited oriental medicine clinic from January 2004 to August 2004, were examined. Results & Conclusions : 1. The kinds and incidences of Alopecia : androgenetic alopecia 57.5%(46/80), alopecia areatea 20.0%(16/80), telogen effluvium 16.3%(13/80), seborrheic alopecia 6.3%(5/80). 2. In distribution of sex, the rate of male to female was 1:1 and most patients belonged to 20-30 year old group. 3. The most common onset of age was adolescence(63.8%) and the most common duration of hair loss was 1 to 3 years. 4. Among the 30 male androgenetic alopecia patients, Hamilton's type 4 was most common and among the 16 female androgenetic alopecia patients, Ludwig's type II and III were most common. 5. Family history of baldness in Androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata were 56.5% and 25.0%, respectively. 6. Self-conscious causes of hair loss : stress(48.8%), irregular eating habits(21.3%), and lack of sleep(20.0%). 7. Associated diseases with alopecia patients : chronic neck pain(58.8%), temporomandibular disorders(55.0%) and seborrheic dermatitis(20.0%). 8. Associated symptoms with alopecia Patients : stress(78.8%), sleep disorders(68.8%), irregular eating habits(55.0%), Hot flush(43.8%), Stool disorders(43.8%), cold hands and feet(37.5%) and menstruation disorders(31.3%). 9. The most common scalp type was oily scalp(70.0%) and the symptoms of scalp were iching, dandruff, pain, inflammation. 10. $Bi{\grave{a}}n$ $zh{\grave{e}}ng$(辨證) of alopecia patients : $xu{\grave{e}}-r{\grave{e}}-f{\bar{e}}ng-z{\grave{a}}u$(血熱風燥) (25.0%), $g{\bar{a}}n-sh{\grave{e}}n-b{\grave{u}}-z{\acute{u}}$(肝腎不足) (23.8%), $shi-r{\grave{e}}-sh{\grave{a}}ng-zh{\bar{e}}ng$(濕熱上蒸) (16.3%), $xu{\grave{e}}-r{\grave{e}}-sh{\bar{e}}ng-f{\bar{e}}ng$(血熱生風) (13.8%), $xu{\grave{e}}-x{\bar{u}}-f{\bar{e}}ng-z{\grave{a}}u$(血熱風燥) (13.8%), $y{\bar{u}}-xu{\grave{e}}-z{\check{u}}-lu{\grave{o}}$(瘀血阻絡) (7.5%).