• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.549-561
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• 2009

Purpose: Work-related stress and risk factors among Korean employees were identified in this study. Methods: Data were obtained from employees aged 20 to 64 using the Korean Working Conditions Survey 2006 (KWCS). Multiple logistic regression analysis using SAS version 9.1 was performed to examine risk factors of work-related stress by gender. Results: The age-adjusted prevalence of work-related stress among male and female employees was 18.4% and 15.1% respectively. After adjustments for multiple variables among both male and female employees, there was a significant relationship between work-related stress and risk factors including education, company size, work time, ergonomic risks, biological chemical risks, and job demands. The significant variables for male employees were housework load, occupational class, and shift work, and for female employees, type of employment. Conclusion: There is a need to develop and support intensive stress management programs nationally giving consideration to work-related stress associated with working time, physical working environment, and job demands. Based on gender specific approaches, for male employes, stress management programs should be developed with consideration being given to occupational class and shift work. For stress management programs for female employees, consideration needs to be given to permanent employment status, specifically those in small companies.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.47-65
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• 2017

Objectives: This paper aims to identify depressive or stress related symptoms and its associated risk and protective factors among marriage immigrant women in Korea. Methods: The study participants were 490 immigrant wives from '2012 Survey of Foreign Residents in Korea'. The participants completed self-administered questionnaires on socio-demographics, health status, family members' related factors, and other environmental factors. Results: Difficulties on child nursing, finance, family conflict, and experience of physical or verbal violence were significant risk variables to the depressive stress related symptoms. Family life satisfaction, discussion about troubles with Koreans, healthy status, social trust, and discussion about troubles with people from home country were the significant protective variables to mental health. However economic activities were not protective factors but risk factors. Conclusions: Mental Health promotion programs for marriage immigrant women and their family members need to consider the family and community related protective mental health factors and develop supportive system with pre-existing programs and policy modification.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.59-69
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate cardiovascular risk factors, their interaction, degree of cardiovascular risk and to analyze the effects of related fcators in women workers. Method: A Survey was conducted in 529 employed women in 36 workplaces from October 25, 2002 to December 12, 2002. The survey was distributed and collected by occupational health nurses working at work sites. Result: The result were as followings; The female workers had about 2 cardiovascular risk factors. 82.1% were not exercising more than 3 times a week, 45.9% reported noise-exposure, 38.2% had higher perceived stress, 25.4% were shift-workers, 10.4% were long-time workers(over 60hour/week), 4.4% were frequent drinker, 3.9% were current smokers. The rate of obesity in measured as BMI greater than 25 was 4.0%. Many cardiovascular risk factors were correlated. Job-related and health behavior-related cardiovascular risk factors were correlated statistically. Expose to noise, reported perceived stress were powerful predictors in their degree of cardiovascular risk. Conclusion; Based on the results of this study, cardiovascular prevention programs for women in workplace should be designed as a multifactorial approach, which include stress management and job-related risk factor management as essential components to be effective in addressing the needs of the population.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6243-6247
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• 2015

Background: Thyroid cancer (TC) is a more common endocrine malignancy in females and is a major cause of death in developing countries. Therefore the aim of this study was to explore possible risk factors of thyroid cancer in females of Pakistan. Materials and Methods: This study covered 232 females, including 127 (54.7%) cases and 105 (45.2%) controls, from the INMOL Hospital and Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore. Different risk factors were explored by the descriptive and inferentially statistics. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for different risk factors were computed using logistic regression. Results: The results showed six risk factors, marital status, family history of thyroid cancer, iodine in the diet, oxidative stress, fast food and fried food, to demonstrate positive significant links to thyroid cancer (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of :2.152, 1.104-4.198; 2.630, 1.416-4.887; 2.391, 1.282-4.458; 4.115, 2.185-7.750; 3.656, 1.851-7.223; 2.357, 1.268-4.382; and 2.360, 1.199-4.643, respectively). Conclusions: The Oxidative stress, marital status, family history of cancer, fast food, use of iodine diet and fried food are the risk factors of thyroid cancer in females.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.329-341
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• 2008

The psychosocial stress and musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs) have been one of major health problems for hospital workers. This study tried to understand the relationship between symptoms associated with MSDs and risk factors such as working posture, job stress, psychosocial stress and fatigue. A total number of 655 hospital workers participated in this study. Specifically, REBA was applied for evaluating working posture and a checklist prepared by KOSHA(Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency) was used for symptom survey. A questionnaire from KOSHA was also used for collecting data associated with job stress, psychosocial stress and fatigue. All these data were formulated and modeled by path analysis which was one of major statistical tools in this study. Specifically, path analysis for the data we collected came up with several major findings. The risk scores from working posture based on REBA had indirect effects via fatigue factor(MFS) as well as direct effects on symptoms. The factors associated with job stress(KOSS) and psychosocial stress(PWI-SF) had significant effects on symptoms. Specifically, indirect effect of job stress factors via fatigue factors(MFS) had bigger than that of direct effect of job stress on symptom.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of an 8-week aquatic exercise program on risk factors of metabolic syndrome and stress in women. Methods: This study employed a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. A total of 35 patients were recruited through a community health center. The data were analyzed with the SPSS 22.0 version program, and the outcome variables were risk factors of metabolic syndrome including abdominal circumference, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and the level of stress. Results: There was no statistically significant differences in abdominal circumference, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood pressure difference (post-pre) between the experimental and control group. However, there was a significant difference in the stress level. Conclusion: This study result support the beneficial effect of stress management in women on risk reduction for metabolic syndrome. Health professionals consider to develop strategy of the aquatic exercise program to reduce factors of metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the mental health factors related to health risk behaviors between multicultural and monocultural adolescents. Methods: The study subjects were selected from the 2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey Dataset. A total of 60,040 multicultural and monocultural adolescents were included in the analysis. A $x^2$ test and logistic regression were conducted, using SPSS 18.0, to compare the general characteristics, mental health, and health risk behaviors of the multicultural and monocultural adolescents. This process involved a complex sample design. Results: There was a significant difference in the rates of suicidal behaviors. Multicultural adolescents showed a significantly higher rate of suicidal ideation (8.6% vs. 8.5%, p=.004), suicidal plan (3.2% vs. 2.4%, p=.004), and suicidal attempt (5.0% vs 3.1%, p=.04) than monocultural adolescents. Perceived stress had a significant impact only on monocultural adolescents. Monocultural adolescents with high levels of perceived stress were at a greater risk of drinking (high stress=reference; low stress OR=0.91, p=.025) and smoking (high stress=reference; low stress OR=0.90, p=.029) than those with low stress. Multicultural adolescents who had made suicide attempts were at a higher risk of drinking (multicultural OR=7.879, p<.001; monocultural OR=2.481, p<.001) and smoking (multicultural OR=4.011, p=.015; monocultural OR=2.800, p<.001) than monocultural adolescents. Conclusion: To implement an effective smoking and drinking prevention program, it is necessary to consider how we can reduce the risk factors. Stress management is important for monocultural adolescents and a proactive suicide-screening program and a suicide prevention program should be included in the program for both multicultural and monocultural adolescents.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.5-15
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• 2008

Purpose : This study is a descriptive research to provide basic factors of posttraumatic stress in Firefighters. This study was carried out to develop the effective program for the fire fighters to cope with the posttraumatic stress following the disasters. Methods : The questionnaires were collected among fire fighters who serviced in K and I community from April 1 to June 30 in 2008. Total 304 questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS WIN program for descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient and t-test. Results : 1. 48.0% of 300 fire fighters were at the age of 31-40, and 42.3% were under 30. 2. Work burden had a significant difference of 2.30 in low-risk group, 2.60 in high-risk group(t-value=-3.85, p=0.00). However, life event had no significant difference 0.79 event in low-risk group, 1.41 event in high-risk group(t-value=-2.27, p=0.24). 3. Concerning posttraumatic stress factors, there was positive correlation between mobilization impact level r=0.38(P<0.01), work burden r=0.38(p<0.01), and life event r=0.27(p<0.01). 4. According to the Symptom Check List-Revised(SCL-90-R), somatization had a significant differences(t-value=5.46, p=0.00), obsessive-compulsive(t-value=7.16, p=0.00), interpersonal sensitivity(t-value=6.15, p=0.00), depression(t-value=6.62, p=0.00), anxiety (t-value=7.33, p=0.00), hostility(t-value=5.94, p=0.00), phobia anxiety(t-value=6.85, p=0.00), paranoid ideation(t-value=5.55, p=0.00), psychotism(t-value=6.52, p=0.00) in low-risk and high-risk group. Conclusion : As a consequence, mobilization impact, work burden, and life event were the influential factors on posttraumatic stress. Also, high-risk group revealed significantly higher score on all 9 scales. The information obtained from surveys made recommendation to develop the intervention of stress management to control mobilization impact and posttraumatic stress.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.105-144
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• 2013

This study intended to provide fundamental data to take countermeasures against recurrent stress by analyzing the health-related quality of life and factors for recurrent stress of alcohol dependents. Structured questionnaire was prepared for patients who quitted drinking after they had been hospitalized for alcohol dependence to take medical treatment but suffered recurrence, and analysis on health-related quality of life and environmental factors with drinking risk was conducted. The quality of life was at a relatively satisfactory level, where pain was found at the highest level and general health condition was found at the lowest level. Environmental factors with drinking risk were found to be a moderate level, drinking for the reason of family and friends in terms of complications with other persons was found to be highest, and then job, self control, bad emotions, and social pressure on drinking were found in order. For health-related quality of life, the quality of life was found to be high in case of the only son, professional job, well-educated persons, and no history of hospitalization. Regarding factors for recurrent stress, stress was found to be high in case of the eldest son and being without religion, and the lower was the quality of life, the higher were recurrent stress and environmental factors with drinking risk. It was found that demographic factors including age, marriage, and job influenced the recurrence of alcohol dependence, and factors for recurrent stress, etc. also influenced recurrent alcohol dependence with drinking risks. Specially, the lower was the quality of life, the higher were factors for recurrent stress, and drinking risks, therefore measures to improve the quality of life are required to be taken to prevent alcohol dependence from recurrence.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.31-36
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• 2021

Stress is a common risk factor for health and is associated with the endocrine gland and immune system. Studies on the association between stress and biochemical factors have been conducted worldwide, but studies on the association have been rare in South Korea. Therefore, the aims of this study are to analyze the relationship of stress with demographic information and biochemical factors for domestic adults and derive risk factors for stress. For data analysis, stress and normal groups were analyzed using binary logistic regression. In both men and women, age and average daily sleep time during the weekday were highly associated with stress, and the depression score (Patient Health Questionnaire-9) was also highly related with stress. In women, white blood cell levels were highly associated with stress, and in men, red blood cell levels were highly related with stress. These findings will contribute to the prevention of stress and the national health in the future.