• Title/Summary/Keyword: Stress condition

Search Result 4,074, Processing Time 0.029 seconds

A Study on Work Condition, Stress, Role Conflict and Job Satisfaction of Infection Control Nurses Working in General Hospitals (종합병원 감염관리간호사의 업무실태와 스트레스, 역할갈등 및 직무만족에 관한 연구)

  • Her, Sun;Kim, Kye-Ha;Oh, Hyang-Soon
    • Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
    • /
    • v.24 no.4
    • /
    • pp.327-338
    • /
    • 2012
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the work conditions, reported stress, role conflict and job satisfaction of infection control nurses working in general hospitals. Methods: The subjects were 125 infection control nurses from 102 general hospitals. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of questions about general characteristics, job characteristics, work condition, stress, role conflict, and job satisfaction. Data were collected from July to September 2011 and analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation, and Stepwise multiple regression in SPSS/WIN 18.0. Results: Over fifty percent (56.0%) of infection control nurses reported the majority of their time was monitoring intensive units. The average reported stress was 7.20, role conflict was 3.67, and job satisfaction was 3.14. The factors which influenced job satisfaction were stress, enough information, annual income, and the number of hospital beds. Conclusion: The factors contributing to job stress of infection control nurses need to be specifically identified. Education and training for infection control personnel should be provided to enhance job satisfaction.

Relationship between Degree of Life Stress, Social Support and Depression in Koreans Living in the Philippines (필리핀 거주 한국인의 생활스트레스, 사회적 지지 및 우울의 관계)

  • Park Min-Jung;Choi Soon-Hee
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
    • /
    • v.12 no.3
    • /
    • pp.389-394
    • /
    • 2005
  • Purpose: This study was done to examine the relationship between life stress and depression, and the effect of social support of 100 Koreans living in the Phillippines. Theoretically social support is considered to mediate the relationship between lift stress and depression. Method: Data were collected from April 1 to May 30, 2002 and analysed using SAS. The first, two hypotheses were tested using Gamma, a measure of association for ordinal variables. Partial gamma was used to test the third hypothesis. Patterns of elaboration described by Babbie(1986) were selected to interpret the relationship of the three variables in the analysis. Results: 1) There was a positive relationship between life stress and depression(Gamma=.45, p=.017), and a inverse relationship between social support and depression(Gamma=-.561, p=.002). Thus the first, two hypotheses were supported. 2) When social support was controlled, the relationship between life stress and depression increased under the condition of low social support but with high social support, the relationship decreased. Conclusion: It can be interpreted that life stress is positively related to depression under the condition of low social support, however this relationship may be reversed with high social support.

  • PDF

Determination of Material Properties of Tube using Inverse Engineering and Analytic Method in Tube Bulge Test (역공학과 해석적 방법을 이용한 관재벌지시험에서의 관재물성치 결정)

  • Kim, Tae-Joon;Kim, Nak-Soo
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
    • /
    • v.27 no.9
    • /
    • pp.1508-1516
    • /
    • 2003
  • In numerical analysis for hydroforming process, the stress calculation is effected by flow stress which is general obtained by stress-strain relationship from uni-axial tension test, so the result of the analysis, especially in tube hydroforming, has limitation of accuracy, tubes are made in roll-forming process and become work-hardened. Then roll forming process causes material properties between rolling direction and circumstantial direction of the tube to be different. So it is difficult to predict material behavior in the process condition of bi-axial stress state. In this study, the flow stress of the tube is determined by inverse engineering approach and bulge test that is widely used for formability test in the condition of bi-axial stress. And Hill's quadratic yield function and flow rule are used to consider the anisotropy of the tube in the roll forming process.

An Evaluation on Corrosion Fatigue life of Spring Steel by Compressive Residual Stress (압축잔류응력을 부여한 스프링강의 부식피로 수명평가)

  • Park, Keyung-Dong;Ki, Woo-Tae;Sin, Yeong-Jin
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
    • /
    • v.15 no.1
    • /
    • pp.1-7
    • /
    • 2007
  • In this study, the influence of compressive residual stress and corrosive condition for corrosion fatigue crack was investigated, after immersing in 3.5%NaCl, $10%HNO_3+3%HF,\;6%FeCl_3$. The immersion period was performed for 90days. The fatigue characterization of a spring steel with processed shot peening were performed by considering the several corrosion environments in the range of stress ratio of 0.05 by means of opening mode displacement. By using the methods mentioned above, the following conclusions have been drawn: The fatigue life shows more improvement in the shot peened material than that in the un peened material. And the fatigue life shows improvement in ambient than in corrosion conditions. Threshold stress intensity factor range of the shot peened materials has higher than of the un peened materials. And the threshold stress intensity factor range was decreased in corrosion environments over ambient.

Theoretical Considerations of Numerical Model for Hydrogen Diffusion Behavior of High-Strength Steel Under Combined Action of Tensile Stress and H2S Corrosion (인장응력과 H2S 부식의 복합조건 하에서 고강도 강재의 수소확산 거동 분석을 위한 Numerical 확산모델과 이론적 고찰)

  • Kim, Sung Jin
    • Corrosion Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.18 no.3
    • /
    • pp.102-109
    • /
    • 2019
  • The hydrogen diffusion and trapping model with a numerical finite difference method (FDM) was modified and extended to accommodate $H_2S$ corrosion and scale forming processes of high-strength steel under tensile stress condition. The newly proposed diffusion model makes it possible to clearly understand combined effect of tensile stress and $H_2S$ corrosion process on hydrogen diffusion behaviors. The core concept of this theoretical approach is that overall diffusion behavior is separated into diffusion process through two respective layers: an outer sulfide scale and an inner steel matrix. Diffusion coefficient values determined by curve-fitting permeation data reported previously with the newly proposed diffusion model indicate that the application of tensile stress can contribute to continual increase in the diffusivity in the sulfide scale with a high density of defect. This suggests that the scale with a lower stability under the stress condition can be a key parameter to enhance hydrogen influx in the steel matrix. Consequently, resistance to hydrogen assisted cracking of the steel under tensile stress can be decreased significantly.

Stress Analysis on the Splinted Conditions of the Two Implant Crowns with the Different Vertical Bone Level (치조골 높이가 다른 2개 임플란트 금관의 고정연결 조건에 따른 응력분석)

  • Jeon, Chang-Sik;Jeong, Sin-Young;Kang, Dong-Wan
    • Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
    • /
    • v.21 no.2
    • /
    • pp.169-182
    • /
    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study was to compare the stress distribution around the surrounding bone according to the splinted and non-splinted conditions on the finite element models of the two implant crowns with the different vertical bone level. The finite element model was designed with the parallel placement of the two fixtures ($4.0mm{\times}11.5mm$) with reverse buttress thread on the mandibular 1st and 2nd molars. As the bone quality, the inner cancellous bone and the outer 2 mm cortical bone were designed, and the cortical and cancellous bone were assumed to be perfectly bonded to the implant fixture. The splinted model(Model 1) had 2 mm contact surface and the non-splinted model(Model 2) had $8{\mu}m$ gap between two implant crowns. Two group (Splinted and non-splinted) was loaded with 200 N magnitude in the vertical and oblique directions on the loading point position on the central position of the crown, the 2 mm and 4 mm buccal offset point from the central position. Von Mises stress value was recorded and compared in the fixture-bone interface in the bucco-lingual and mesio-distal sections. The results were as follows; 1. In the vertical loading condition of central position, the stress was distributed on the cortical bone and the cancellous bone around the thread of the fixture in the splinted and non-splinted models. In the oblique loading condition, the stress was concentrated toward the cortical bone of the fixture neck, and the neck portion of 2nd molar in the non-splinted model was concentrated higher than that of 1st molar compared to the splinted model. 2. In the 2 mm buccal offset position of the vertical loading compared to the central vertical loading, stress pattern was shifted from apical third portion of the fixture to upper third portion of that. In the oblique loading condition, the stress was distributed over the fixture-bone interface. 3. In the 4 mm buccal offset position of the vertical loading, stress pattern was concentrated on the cortical bone around the buccal side of the fixture thread and shifted from apical third portion of the fixture to upper third portion of that in the splinted and non-splinted models. In the oblique loading, stresses pattern was distributed to the outer position of the neck portion of the fixture thread on the mesio-distal section in the splinted and non-splinted models. Above the results, it was concluded that the direction of loading condition was a key factor to effect the pattern and magnitude of stress over the surrounding bone of the fixture under the vertical and oblique loading conditions, although the type with or without proximal contact did not effect to the stress distribution.

Effect of Moxibution at the Kwanwon, Chung-wan and Chok-samni on the blood picture in Rat with transportation stress (관원(關元).중완(中脘).족삼리(足三里) 애구(艾灸)가 수송(輸送) Stress를 준 Rat의 혈액상(血液狀)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Yang, Seung-Hee;Lee, Joon-Moo
    • The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
    • /
    • v.15 no.1
    • /
    • pp.165-175
    • /
    • 1994
  • Effects of moxibution at the Gwanweon, Jungwan and Joksamlee on the blood picture in rat with transportation stress were determined. Counts of RBC showed a tendency to increase from 6 hours to 12 hours after transportation stress, however in the moxibution group, showed no changes in counts of RBC after transportation stress and the tendency of fluctuation was similiar to those of none stress group. The changes in Hb after transportation stress showed no difference among moxibution group and none moxibution group, however the changes in PCV showed a tendency to increase from 3 hours to 6 hours after transportation stress in two stress group. In the mean values of erythrocytic blood during experimental times, counts of RBC showed a high values (P<.05) in the stress only group, however in the other groups, these values showed no difference (P>.05) among treatment and the values of Hb and PCV showed no difference among 4 treatment groups. In the two stress groups, counts of WBC and Neutrophils showed a tendency to decrease after transportation stress, however the moxibution group was recovered to normal Leukocytes condition on short time compared with those of none moxibution group. In the mean values of Leukocytes during experimental times, counts of WBC and Neutrophils showed a high values and Lymphocytes showed a low values in the stress only group compared with those of other groups, however the stress group with moxibution showed no difference in Leukocytes values compared with those of normal condition group. Monocytes, Basophils and Eosinophils showed no difference among 4 treatment groups(P>.05). Results from this study indicate that the moxibution can tolerate the effects of transportation stress in rat.

  • PDF

Evaluation for Weld Residual Stress and Operating Stress around Weld Region of the CRDM Nozzle in Reactor Vessel Upper Head (원자로 압력용기 상부헤드 CRDM 노즐 용접부의 용접잔류응력 및 운전응력 평가)

  • Lee, Kyoung-Soo;Lee, Sung-Ho;Bae, Hong-Yeol
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
    • /
    • v.36 no.10
    • /
    • pp.1235-1239
    • /
    • 2012
  • Primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC) has been observed around the weld region of control rod drive mechanism (CRDM) nozzles in nuclear power plants overseas. The weld has a J-shaped groove and it connects the CRDM nozzle with the reactor vessel upper head (RVUH). It is a dissimilar metal weld (DMW), because the CRDM is made of alloy 600 and the RVUH is made of carbon steel. In this study, finite element analysis (FEA) was performed to estimate the stress condition around the weld region. Generally, it is known that a high tensile region is more susceptible to PWSCC. FEA was performed as for the condition of welding, hydrostatic test and normal operation successively to observe how the residual stress changes due to plant condition. The FEA results show that a high tensile stress region is formed around the weld starting point on the inner surface and around the weld stop point on the outer surface.

The Influence of Rock Joint Roughness and Normal Stress on Shear Behaviour (거칠기와 수직응력에 따른 암석 절리면의 전단거동)

  • Lee, Myoung-Ho;Kim, Jong-Woo;Chang, Kwang-Taek
    • Tunnel and Underground Space
    • /
    • v.17 no.3 s.68
    • /
    • pp.186-196
    • /
    • 2007
  • In this study, direct shear tests were carried out on the 30 rock joint samples in order to investigate the influence of roughness and normal stress on the shear behaviour. Joint roughness profiles were measured by use of 3D laser profiler, and then the samples were equally classified into three individual groups according to the roughness index of rock joints. Peak shear strength, residual shear strength, shear stiffness, dilation angle of rock joints were investigated in condition of five different constant normal load. Peak shear strength was increased as roughness index was increased, and the influence of roughness on strength was found to be more considerable in case of lower normal stress condition. Residual shear strength and shear stiffness were increased as roughness index and normal stress were increased. Finally dilation angle was decreased as normal stress was increased, but it was increased as roughness index was increased in the same normal stress condition.

Effect of suitable dietary glycine supplementation on growth production, meat quality, serum parameters, and stress alleviation of broiler under heat stress condition

  • Jiseon Son;Woo-Do Lee;Hyunsoo Kim;Eui-Chul Hong;Hee-Jin Kim;Yeon-Seo Yun;Hwan Ku Kang
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
    • /
    • v.50 no.4
    • /
    • pp.603-616
    • /
    • 2023
  • This study was conducted to investigate the productivity, meat quality, blood variables, stress responses, and litter quality of broilers offered feed with different levels of Glycine (Gly) supplementation under heat stress condition. A total of 760 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler males were randomly assigned to one of the four dietary treatment groups: (1) basal diet (control; CON); (2) basal diet + Gly 0.1% (Gly 0.1%); (3) basal diet + Gly 0.2% (Gly 0.2%); and (4) basal diet + Gly 0.3% (Gly 0.3%). The environments for all the treatments groups were maintained according to broiler rearing guidelines from day 1 to day 21, and heat stress condition (32 ± 1℃, 60 ±5%) was created from day 22 to the end. The addition of Gly increased weight gain and affected feed intake (p < 0.05). Gly 0.1% group had higher pH and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) in the chicken meat and lower heterophil (HE)/lymphocyte (LY) ratio in the blood (p < 0.05). In particular, Gly 0.2% treatment group had lower serum corticosterone level (p < 0.05) than other groups. For jejunum morphology, the addition of Gly 0.2% significantly reduced the depth of the crypts (p < 0.05). However, the addition of Gly did not significantly affect litter quality (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the addition of glycine improved productivity and meat quality, alleviated heat stress, and improved intestinal function. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal level and mechanism of action of the additive when ingested.