• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.133-138
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• 2010

본 연구는 소방대원의 직무 관련 스트레스, 문제해결양식과 심리적 디스트레스의 관계를 검증하고 직무관련 스트레스, 문제해결양식이 심리적 디스트레스에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 소방대원의 스트레스의 심각도를 측정하는 스트레스 척도, 문제해결양식 척도 그리고 정신진단척도를 사용하여 스트레스의 양상, 문제해결양식과 심리적 디스트레스 간의 상관분석 및 회귀분석을 시행하였다. 상관분석 결과, 두 가지 직무 관련 스트레스와 심리적 디스트레스가 정적인 상관을 보이며, 문제해결양식의 무기력감과 문제에 대한 통제감이 심리적 디스트레스와 정적인 상관관계를 나타내고, 문제해결에 대한 자신감과 접근적 문제해결양식은 심리적 디스트레스와 부적인 상관관계를 보였다. 직무관련 스트레스와 문제해결양식이 심리적 디스트레스를 예측하는 정도를 파악하기 위해 시행한 중다회귀 분석결과, 직무 관련 스트레스 중에 부정적 인지와 정서, 문제해결양식 중에는 무기력감과 접근적 문제해결양식이 심리적 디스트레스에 유의한 영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타났다. 문제해결양식 중 무기력감이 심리적 디스트레스를 가장 크게 예측하였는데, 이는 직면한 문제를 효율적으로 해결하지 못한 것에 대한 자책과 함께 직업적 자존감(selfesteem)까지 저하시켜, 효율적인 직무수행에 부정적인 영향을 줄 수 있다.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze factors affecting suicidal ideation of athletes in middle and high school. Methods: The data in this study came from the survey which conducted to 500 students of physical education high school athletes and elite athletes in general school from the beginning of December 2009 to the end of January 2010 in Seoul and Kyunggi. Finally 436 cases was used. The dependant variable is suicidal ideation in this study. And the independent variables are socio-demographic factors, exercise-related factors, school and family environments, stress and depression factor. The analysis method is logistic regression analysis. Finally 436 cases was used. Results: First, the rate of suicidal ideation of athletes in middle and high school was 28.9%. Second, there were significant differences between stress and sex, grades, athletic career, kind of sport, sport skill level, the average exercise time per day, family circumstances, life satisfaction, future expectations. Third, there were significant differences between depression and sex, academic achievements, the average exercise time per day, family circumstances, life satisfaction, future expectations. Fourth, there were significant differences between suicidal ideation and sport skill level, academic achievements, the average exercise time per day, family circumstances, life satisfaction, future expectations. Fifth, the higher level of stress and degree of depression, the more increased the risk of suicidal ideation. Conclusions: Considering the close relationship between suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt, to reduce the suicidal ideation of athletes in middle and high school it is necessary to adjust exercising time properly and to promote life satisfaction. Also to overcome depression and stress support system should be established and to promote self-efficacy cognition strength program should be introduced in the school. So athletes in middle and high school should have confidence and self-confidence on the future.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.54-67
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• 1993

본 연구는 자폐아 어머니 160명을 대상으로 자폐아 어머니의 스트레스와 스트레스 정도에 영향을 끼치는 자폐아 어머니와 아동의 특성을 파악하여, 자폐아 어머니를 위한 간호전략 수립을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 그 목적을 두고 본 연구를 시도하였다. 이를 위하여 본 연구자가 개발한 자폐아 어머니의 스트레스에 관한 도구는, 어머니의 일상 생활에 관련된 스트레스(11문항),어머니의 가족, 사회적 관계 에서의 스트레스(26문항), 아이의 장애 원인, 치료, 교육 및 예후에 관련된 스트레스 (28문항) 및 어머니의 부정적 심리 상태에 관련된 스트레스(9문항) 등 74개 문항으로 구성되어 있으며 도구 신뢰도는 Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ =0.94였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다1) 자폐아 어머니의 스트레스 정도는 영역별로 볼 때 장애원인, 치료, 교육 및 예후에 관련된 스트레스 평점이 3.19로 가장 높았으며 어머니의 부정적 심리상태에 관련된 스트레스 평점은 2.85, 어머니의 일상생활애 관련된 스트레스 평점은 2.45,그리고 가족, 사회적 관계에서의 스트레스 평점은 2.05의 순으로 나타났다. 2) 총 74개의 스트레스 항목 인지정도의 평점은 2.62였다 스트레스 정도가 가장 높게 인지된 항목은 '자폐아에 대한 사회의 이해가 부족하다', '부모가 사망한다면 누가 이 아이를 돌볼 수 있을지 걱정이다', '아이가 성장함에 따라 단계적으로 교육받을 수 있는 시설이 없다' 등이었으며, 낮은 스트레스로 인지된 항목은 '남편이 아이를 미워한다', '남편과 이혼하고 싶다' 등이었다. 3) 자폐아 어머니 특성 중에서 자녀의 수, 아이 문제에 대한 인지 정도는 스트레스 정도에 유의한 차이를 나타내었는데 자녀의 수가 많을수록, 문제 인지가 심할수록 어머니가 느끼는 스트레스가 높았다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.360-372
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• 2020

The basal ganglia network has been implicated in the control of adaptive behavior, possibly by integrating motor learning and motivational processes. Both positive and negative reinforcement appear to shape our behavioral adaptation by modulating the function of the basal ganglia. Here, we examined a transgenic mouse line (G2CT) in which synaptic transmissions onto the medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the basal ganglia are depressed. We found that the level of collaterals from direct pathway MSNs in the external segment of the globus pallidus (GPe) ('bridging collaterals') was decreased in these mice, and this was accompanied by behavioral inhibition under stress. Furthermore, additional manipulations that could further decrease or restore the level of the bridging collaterals resulted in an increase in behavioral inhibition or active behavior in the G2CT mice, respectively. Collectively, our data indicate that the striatum of the basal ganglia network integrates negative emotions and controls appropriate coping responses in which the bridging collateral connections in the GPe play a critical regulatory role.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.483-497
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• 2017

Background : Behavioral stress has been suggested as one of the significant factors that is able to disrupt physiological systems and cause depression as well as changes in various body systems. The stressful events can alter cognition, learning, memory and emotional responses, resulting in mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. Results : We used a restraint stress model to evaluate the alteration of behavior and stress-related blood parameter. The animals were randomly divided into two groups of five animals each group. Furthermore, we assessed the change of body weight to evaluate the locomotor activity as well as status of emotional and anxiety in mice. After 7 days of restraint stress, the body weight had significantly decreased in the restraint stress group compared with the control group. We also observed stress-associated behavioral alterations, as there was a significant decrease in open field and forced swim test, whereas the immobilization time was significantly increased in the stress group compared to the control group. We observed the morphological changes of neuronal death and microglia by immunohistochemistry and western blot. In our study restraint stress did not cause change in neuronal cell density in the frontal cortex and CA1 hippocampus region, but there was a trend for an increased COX-2 and iNOS protein expression and microglia (CD11b) in brain, which is restraint stress. Conclusion : Our study, there were significant alterations observed in the behavioral studies. We found that mice undergoing restraint stress changed behavior, confirming the increased expression of inflammatory factors in the brain.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.489-501
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of health behavior-related characteristics, self-esteem, activities of daily living, and family support on depression in the community-dwelling elderly. Methods: The participants were 229 elders sampled from Seoul and other five provinces. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data, and data were analyzed by applying t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression with SAS 8.12. Results: There was a negative correlation between depression, MMSE-K, self-esteem, ADL, IADL, and family support. Depression and health behavior-related characteristics showed a significant difference according to stress level and the reason of stress. Major factors that affected the elders depression were self-esteem, the amount of alcohol drinking, sleeping hours, ADL and the cognition of health status, which explained 59.4%. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, self-esteem and health behavior-related characteristics including alcohol drinking, sleeping hours and ADL were the influencing factors of depression in the community-dwelling elderly. Therefore, effective psychological and physical health promotion methods need to be developed and applied in nursing interventions to prevent depression in the community-dwelling elderly.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.71-86
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to identify factors that predict suicidal ideation and depression according to gender among Korean adults. Method: From the data base of the fifth Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey(KNHANESV-1, 2010), data on 4,894 adults aged 19~64 were used. Data were analyzed by application of the Rao-Scott Chi-Square test and logistic analysis with SAS 9.2. Results: Overall, 8.5% of men and 18.1% of women had suicidal ideation during the last year; 7.5% of men and 17.0% of women had depression during the last two weeks. Risk factors for suicidal ideation include perceived high stress(OR male 3.649, female 2.941), depression(OR male 10.109, female 6.033), poor cognition of health status(OR male 8.115, female 6.664), low economic status(OR male 1.898), and low educational status(OR female 1.631). Risk factors for depression include perceived high stress(OR male 2.678, female 3.686), suicidal ideation(OR male 9.925, female 6.022), non-employed(OR female 1.525), married(OR female 2.392), and physical discomfort(OR female 1.545). Conclusions: Based on the above mentioned results, risk factors of suicidal ideation and depression differed according to gender. Development of various policies and appropriate intervention programs according to gender, that lessen the risk of suicidal ideation and depression for adults is needed.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.293-306
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• 2000

Providing care to the dementia elderly with behavioral problem is a major issue in nursing homes today. This study was aimed to explore the nursing staffs′ response to aggressive dementia patients, and the effect that the aggressive behavior had on Nsgstaff. The interviews used a semi-structured questionnaire are were carried out from May to July, 1999. The subjects were 23 nursing personnel working in the nursing homes for dementia elderly. The result are as follows; 1. The types of aggressive behavior cited by the subjects was "physical", "linguistic", and "sexual". 2. The factors that caused the behavior were "symptoms of disease", "under- conditioning", "context of nursing care", "unsatisfied need", "relationship to other patients", "change of outer environment", and "invasion of one′s own privacy". 3. The response of the subjects were "unhappiness", "stress", "anger", "exaggeration", "anxiety", and "fear". 4. The management strategies listed by nursing personnel used to alleviate aggressive behavior were "ignorance" "patience" "leaving the area" "soothing sounds" "verbal punishment" "restriction and isolation" and "various management skill appliance" "adaptation". 5. The effect that aggressive behavior and were "disturbance of relationship to elderly" "decline in the amount and quality of nursing care" "interruption of task performance" "job exhaustion" "desire to leave the job" "physical impact" "stress on the cognition of others" "anxiety about health and one own future" "interference to family life′. The findings of this study will be useful in understanding the difficulties of nursing personnel when confronting the aggressive behavior of dementia partients. It also is useful as basic data in preparing efficient intervention program for these difficulties.

• 아동학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.171-189
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• 2004

Children develop emotional intelligence during the early years of life, and according to experts, emotional intelligence(EI) is a more reliable predictor of academic achievement than IQ. However, nowadays children appear to be low on emotional well-being. This has potentially negative consequences, not only for academic achievement but also for personal relationships. The purpose of this study was to develop emotional education program for young children(EEPYC). In this study, EI is defined to carry out reasoning in regard to emotions and to use emotion for enhancement of thought. Designed to facilitate development of young children's EI. EEPYC is based on the four branch model, which is mental EI model and based on the guiding principle of Collaborative to Advance Social and Emotional Learning. The subgroups(curricular) that compose EEPYC are Emotional Perception, appraisal, and expression, Self-recognition program, Self-esteem program, Emotional Stress Regulation, Emotional problem solving & conflict resolution. EEPYC has the potential of fostering emotional intelligence. Moreover, EEPYC can promote a motivation, prosocial activity, and regulation of stress. This helps young children to develope cognition and emotion in harmonious fashion.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.309-318
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• 2024

Compared to other organs, the brain has limited antioxidant defenses. In particular, the hippocampus is the central region for learning and memory and is highly susceptible to oxidative stress. Glial cells are the most abundant cells in the brain, and sustained glial cell activation is critical to the neuroinflammation that aggravates neuropathology and neurotoxicity. Therefore, regulating glial cell activation is a promising neurotherapeutic treatment. Quinic acid (QA) and its derivatives possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Although previous studies have evidenced QA's benefit on the brain, in vivo and in vitro analyses of its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in glial cells have yet to be established. This study investigated QA's rescue effect in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced behavior impairment. Orally administering QA restored social impairment and LPS-induced spatial and fear memory. In addition, QA inhibited proinflammatory mediator, oxidative stress marker, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in the LPS-injected hippocampus. QA inhibited nitrite release and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in LPS-stimulated astrocytes. Collectively, QA restored impaired neuroinflammation-induced behavior by regulating proinflammatory mediator and ERK activation in astrocytes, demonstrating its potential as a therapeutic agent for neuroinflammation-induced brain disease treatments.